Verbena wosakanizidwa ndi chuma chamtengo wapatali, chomera chabwino pamunda uliwonse wa maluwa chifukwa chakuti amakhoza kuphuka kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn.
Zopanda ulemu, zowonjezereka, zowonjezereka komanso zokongola zimapatsa mpesa wamaluwa omwe ali ndi mapulani ambirimbiri maluwa onsewa.
Zidzakhala zabwino kwa minda yam'mwamba ndi miyala yochepetsera miyala, kupanga mapangidwe okongoletsera ndi "nyengo yotentha yotentha" ya madengu a pakhomo, masamba ndi zenera. M'nkhani yomwe tikukambirana zochitika za kubzala, komanso momwe tingasamalire zosiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira zofika
Njira yosavuta yowonjezera verbena ndiyo kugula mbande. Mukhozanso kukulitsa iwo kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kuchepetsa cuttings.
- Verbenas imafuna malo amdima kwambiri ndi nthaka. Salola kulekerera, mthunzi, kuthamanga kosauka komanso madontho. Ndi bwino kudzala maluwa awa masika kapena chilimwe, koma m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja - mu kugwa.
- Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti muzitha kuthira nthaka ndi humus (pafupifupi 5 kg / 1 sq. M) ndi feteleza mchere. Kubzala kwa mbeu zachonde pamtunda wotseguka kumachitika pamtunda wa masentimita 25 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake mpaka mozama kwambiri kuposa mu bokosi.
- Mukamabzala, nsonga za mphukira zimapangidwira kuti zikhale ndi maluwa ambiri.
- Achinyamata omwe anabzala zomera ayenera kulandira madzi okwanira pamasabata angapo oyambirira, asanayambe kulimbitsa mizu m'nthaka. Ngakhale zitsamba ndi zomera zosagonjetsa chilala, koma kukula kwa mvula, maluwa, kubereka kumachepa ngati atasiyidwa mu nthaka youma kwa nthawi yayitali. M'tsogolo, chomeracho sichisamala kwambiri.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Pansi pa dzina lakuti Verbena hybrid (Verbenahybrida) mumaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri yamaluwa ndi mitundu yochokera ku haibridi. Ichi ndi chomera chakale kapena chosatha chomwe chili ndi kutalika kwa 10-50 cm. Masamba: 1-6.5 masentimita m'litali, mosiyana, phokoso, nthawi zambiri katatu, ndi zovala zochepa.
Maluwa: aang'ono 1.5-2.5 masentimita awiri, amasonkhanitsidwa mu zidutswa 30-50. mu corymbose inflorescences. Chotsitsacho ndi chovala chovala zisanu. Calyx 3-4 mm yaitali, zisanu-toothed, imvi-ubweya.
Zimayambira: zofooka, zowonongeka, zovuta. Zipatso: kuwala kofiira mtedza, anasonkhana mu magawo anayi2-2.5 mm kutalika, kutembenukira pansi pa chikho.
Chithunzi
Momwe mbewu iyi ikuwonekera, inu mukhoza kuwona mu chithunzi ichi:
Chisamaliro
Chomera sichifuna kusamalidwa kovuta.
- Kuthirira: Mitengo yachinyamata imafuna madzi okwanira nthawi zonse; mutatha kucha komanso nthawi ya maluwa, ndikwanira kuthira madzi kamodzi pa sabata, kupewa kupepesa nthaka.
- Nthaka: wamkati, wothira bwino, wogawanika mofanana.
- Kupaka pamwamba: chomera chimadyetsedwa ndi zovuta fetereza fetereza kamodzi pa chaka (mu kasupe); Mukhozanso kudyetsa 1-2 nthawi pa maluwa.
- Kukonza: Kuonjezera zokolola ndi nthawi ya maluwa, kuphuka kapena kudulira mphukira kumachitika pafupifupi 1/4 a kutalika kwake; kuchotsedwa kwa inflorescences kumachotsedwa.
- Makhalidwe: Zotsutsana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, zimafuna kutentha kwa dzuwa kwa maola 8 mpaka 10 tsiku ndi tsiku, mpweya wabwino kapena kutuluka.
Maluwa
Vervain limamasula kuchokera kumapeto kwa May kufika kumapeto kwa September. Maluwa okongola akhoza kukhala ofiira, oyera, pinki, zofiirira, buluu, zofiirira kapena apurikoti.
Kuwaza
Kwa verbena, gawo laling'ono ndi laling'ono la nthaka lapansi ndi loyenera, lopangidwa ndi pepala, peat, humus nthaka ndi mchenga wina.
- Musanayambe kuika, mukhoza kusamala nthaka ndi fungicide iliyonse kuti muteteze ku matenda a fungal.
- Mitengo iyenera kuikidwa pamtunda wouma kapena nthaka yochepa, popeza mizu siidapweteke pakadali pano, ndipo imayambira mizu panthawi yothirira.
- Mu miphika (miphika), dzenje la ngalande limaphimbidwa ndi miyala yambiri ya mtsinje ndipo mbale zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka.
- Zonse zikadzakonzedwanso, chomeracho chichotsedwa mosamalitsa kuchokera ku gawo lakale, rhizomes amayendera, ndipo malo owonongeka achotsedwa. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chinatsikira pansi ndikutsanulira mu mphika, ndipo chinatsanulira kuti mizu ya mizu ikhale yochepa kwambiri m'mphepete mwa mphika pomwe siidakonzedwe ndi dziko lapansi.
- Kuthirira kumene kunangobzala zomera kumakhala koyenera.
- Malamulo oyang'anira chisamaliro chachinyamata amafunikira kuwala kwa 8-10 h / tsiku ndi mpweya wabwino.
Nthawi ya moyo wa zitsamba zotseguka
Chaka chimodzi ndi nthawi yaitali. Ngakhale Verbena amaonedwa ngati chomera chosatha, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amalima izo kwa chaka chimodzi, kuchoka chaka chachiwiri chokha chokhalumikiza.
Kuswana
Zapangidwa ndi mbewu ndi cuttings.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Mukhoza kufesa mbewu za vervaina m'munda wa autumn kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kunja, mbewu zimamera kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, koma nthawi yoyenera kwambiri iyi ndiyo kutha kwa kasupe kapena kuyamba kwa chilimwe.
- Mbeu zoyamba zimayikidwa mu biostimulator kapena madzi ofunda omwe amawathandiza maola 24.
- Zokongola makapu ndi okonzeka peat osakaniza anaikidwa pa 2 mbewu, pang'ono kuphimba iwo ndi gawo lapansi. Mabokosi a mbande amadzadwanso ndi gawo la nthaka ndi mbeu.
- Kuthirira koyamba kumapatsa madzi ozizira mozungulira kuzungulira 25ºะก.
- Mbewu imakhala ndi mafilimu opaque (pulasitiki) ndi maenje a mphepo kwa mwezi umodzi, kusunga kutentha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi.Chenjerani! Nkhumba za Verbena zimafuna mdima kuti umere, kotero onetsetsani kuti iwo akuphimbidwa kwathunthu!
- Zotsatira zikuwoneka zosayenera, patatha masabata 2-3. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala oyambirira, kusamba za mbande zomwe zimakula mumabokosi zimachitika - pakapita masentimita 5 cm x 5 masentimita.
- Kulima kumakhala kofikira mpaka mphukira zonse zitulutsa mapepala atatu mpaka anayi. Zitatero, amatsegulidwa ndi kusinthidwa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri kuti atsegule mpweya ndi dzuwa.
- Mitengo ing'onoing'ono ikadakhazikika, amasintha kayendedwe kabwino ka madzi pa nthawi imodzi pa sabata, zomwe zimapangitsa dothi kuti liume lisanadze.
- Zomera zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, pakuwona kusiyana kwa mbande za 20-30 masentimita.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Phesi ndi mphukira yakumtunda yosiyana ndi chomera cha mayi, chokhoza kutenga mizu m'madzi kapena gawo lapadera. The cuttings amachitika kuyambira March mpaka April.
- Mphutsi yowopsya yokhala ndi masamba ochepa amathetsedwa, mbali ya kumunsi imatsukidwa.
- Dulani mapesi akulira mu chidebe kanthawi ndi nthaka ya peat ndi mchenga.
- Nthaka imayambitsidwa, ndipo tsinde lake limakhala lofiira mpaka rooting.
- Mbewuyi imasungidwa mu chidebe, pang'onopang'ono kutentha ndi kusintha kwa dzuwa.
- Mwa kuika pamalo otseguka nthaka yaying'ono yayamba ikafika pamene ikufika kotala la kukula kwa kholo.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Palibe tizirombo zambiri zomwe zimakhudza verbena kukula, koma aphid, kangaude, kang'anga ndi slugs zingawononge. Komanso, masamba a chomera nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew ndi kukhuta ndi kuthirira mopitirira muyeso.
Pamene tizirombo ndi matenda zimapezeka, mbali zina za mbeu zimadulidwa. Zitsanzo zowonongeka ziyenera kuwonongedwa. Mitundu yodwala imasiyanitsidwa ndi thanzi labwino ndipo imawasiya nthawi yonse ya chithandizo.
Kulimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsira ntchito zakuthupi ndi zamagetsi (sopo amafotokoza, kukonzekera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda).
Verbena ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa wamaluwa kufunafuna maluwa pachaka ndi maluwa autali ndipo amatha kukopa agulugufe. Ndi chomera chodabwitsa, chodalirika mu mitundu yambiri.. Flower mabedi obzalidwa ndi maluwa miphika amapachikidwa. Wogulitsa minda ya mpesa akhoza kutontholetsa pa izi, popeza verbena sichifunikanso chisamaliro chapadera, mmalo mwake, imakula bwino mlengalenga: kuwala kwa dzuwa, mpweya wabwino, madzi abwino, kuthirira panthawi yopuma ndi nthaka youma panthawi yopumula. Maluwa adzasangalala ndi diso lonse chilimwe!
