Radishi: ndi nthawi iti yobzala ku Russia ndi mitundu iti yomwe ili yoyenera?

Mu zakudya za anthu a ku Russia pali masamba ambiri omwe amawoneka kuti "awo". Izi mpiru, horseradish ndipo, ndithudi, radish! Wopindulitsa mu zomwe zikuwoneka bwino, mavitamini, phytoncides, mafuta ofunikira, amawakonda monga chophimba chodalirika cha saladi ya masamba, komanso ngati mankhwala.

Ndi mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana, idzakhala yosiyana ndi masamba ambiri, chifukwa ikhoza kukhala yoyera, pinki, yobiriwira ndi yakuda, yoyamba kucha ndi yakucha. Koma kuti mupeze mizu yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma, muyenera kudziŵa zenizeni za kulima kwake, pakati pa imodzi mwazofunikira ndi nthawi yobzala.

Kodi zotsatira za kuchedwa kufesa masamba ndi zotani?

Radishi ndi imodzi mwa masamba omwe nthawi yamasana ndi yofunika. Chomeracho ndi tsiku lalitali, choncho ngati mubzala mofulumira pakati pa chilimwe, ndithudi chidzaphuka (mbali imeneyi imatchedwa mtundu wa maluwa).

Ndikofunika kuti aliyense wolima munda azipeza mbewu zabwino. Choncho, kufesa radish, kuchitidwa pa nthawi yolakwika, kungachititse kuti mvula ikhale yowawa kwambiri, yomwe imatsogolera kuchotsa zakudya kuchokera muzu mpaka maluwa ndi mapangidwe a mbewu, ndipo chifukwa chake, zokolola zimatha.

Kodi chimatsimikizira nthawi yotani?

Pofuna kusankha nthawi yoyenera kubzala radish ndi kupereka chithandizo choyenera chotsatira, muyenera kukumbukira zinthu zochepa zothandiza kulima masambawa.

• Kusankha mitundu.
• Kuwona nyengo.
• Kusankhidwa kwa radish (kudya chakudya kapena kusungirako).

Kusankha mitundu

Pali mitundu itatu ya mitundu pa liwiro la zomerandipo, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zofunikira pakusankha kubzala ndi kukula.

1. Mitundu yakucha kucha Chodzala ndi mbeu mu masika mu March, zipatso zimakolola kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 40-50, kubzalidwa ndi mbande kapena kutseguka.
2. Pakati-nyengo - Kufesa mbewu zomwe zimatulutsidwa poyera mu April - oyambirira May - m'ma June, zokolola - kumapeto kwa September. Kutha msinkhu ndi masiku 75-100.
3. Kutentha kochedwa (yozizira) - kufesa kumapeto kwa July - oyambirira August, kusonkhanitsa kwazu mbewu - kumapeto autumn, patsogolo pa mphamvu frosts. Nthawi yotulutsidwa ndi masiku 90-120.

Kuwona nyengo

Gawo la dziko lathu ndilokulu, lomwe lili m'madera osiyanasiyana, nyengo yobzala ndi kulima radish zomwe siziri zofanana. M'katikati mwa Russia (kuphatikizapo dera laku Moscow), ku Siberia, mumzinda wa Urals, ndithudi, ndibwino kuti mubzalidwe poyera (ndipo njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa radish) ali oyambirira, pakatikati ndi nyengo ndi mitundu yochedwa. Koma kucha koyambirira, ngati kubzalidwa pansi, kudzapereka mtsogolo; ngati anabzala mmera, mu July. Kumwera kwa Russia, mungagwiritse ntchito mwakhama kuti mukule mochedwa mitundu ya radish chifukwa chofesa kutseguka.

Cholinga cha masamba

Musanafese, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino lomwe cholinga cha mbewuyo: kuti mugwiritse ntchito zakudya m'chilimwe (nyengo yoyambirira ndi pakatikati ya nyengo) kapena nthawi yosungirako (yozizira). Mbali imeneyi ya radish kwambiri imakhudza zokolola, chifukwa kuyambira oyambirira ndi m'ma nyengo radish simuyenera kuyembekezera lalikulu mizu mbewu, ngakhale iwo amakula yowutsa mudyo, ndi piquant kulawa, iwo mwamsanga flab popanda kusunga madzi. Chovala cha radish chakumapeto chimakula chachikulu, yowutsa mudyo, ndi zokometsera zokometsera zokometsetsa, akhoza kusungidwa mpaka nyengo yotsatira, popanda kutaya phindu lake, mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu.

Kufufuza za mizu yomwe imayenera kulima m'madera osiyanasiyana a ku Russia

Radishi yagawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:

• European (wamkulu ku Russia, wakuda, woyera kapena wobiriwira);
• Chitchaina (chokulira ku Central Asia ndi madera omwe ali pafupi naye, akufanana ndi kukoma kwa radishes, mitundu: Misato Yofiira, Zobiriwira Zobiriwira);
• Chijapani (akukula ku Far East ndipo posachedwapa ku South Russia, mitundu yonse ya daikon).

Zowonjezereka kwambiri "May"

Ndi bwino kukula nthawi zonse chilimwe, chifukwa zimagonjetsedwa ndi tsvetushnosti. Mwezi uti mungathe kubzala pamalo otseguka? Mukhoza kuyamba kufesa May radish kumayambiriro kasupe - kumapeto March - oyambirira April, monga mbewu zimakhala zosagwira chisanu. Kenaka mubzalani m'mwezi wa May - July, mutenge pang'ono, yowutsa mudyo, popanda kuphuka kwa mizu.

Chiwerengero cha masiku pakati pa kubzala kachiwiri chiyenera kudzipangira tokha, kupatsidwa chiwerengero cha masamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya.

Njira zokula

Mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha

Radishi ikhoza kukhala wamkulu mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse (makamaka ngati wowonjezera kutenthedwa ndi moto). Ndi bwino kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Japanese radish m'mikhalidwe yotere - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya daikon. Kufesa kungakhoze kuchitika mwa:

1. September (zokolola zingapezeke pamaso pa chisanu);
2. February (usavutike mtima wowonjezera kutentha);
3. March - May (osatentha wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha).

Kunyumba (pawindo)

Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamasamba pali zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa zomwe zingakulire pawindo, popanda zovuta zambiri, mu bokosi pa khonde. Ichi ndi radish "Odessa 5". Nthawi ya kukula kwake ndi yaifupi - masiku 30-40. Kubzala kawirikawiri kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, osati kuphulika kwa kubwerera. Ndiyeno pitirizani kufesa chaka chonse.

Pamene tsikulo lifupika kwambiri, zamasamba zikuunikiridwa ndi phytolamp, kusamala kumakhala kosavuta: kuthirira nthawi ndi feteleza.

M'munda panja

Kukula radish m'munda kutchire kumachitika m'njira ziwiri: mmera ndi mbeu.

Mbewu

Radish ndi chomera chosasinthasintha, mbewu zimamera pa kutentha kwa + 3-5 madigiri, mphukira imalekerera kutentha komanso ngakhale nyengo yochepa yachisanu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala masika. Choncho Ndikofunika kudzala radish yam'mawa mwamsanga pamene chisanu chimasungunuka ndipo dothi limawombera kutentha kwake.. Ndiyeno, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, fesa m'nyengo ya chilimwe.

Nthanga za mitundu ya chilimwe zimafesedwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa April kufikira masiku otsiriza a mwezi wa May; zimagonjetsedwa ndi kuzizira, kuzizira komanso zakucha. Kwa iwo, kutentha kumakhala bwino + 18-20 madigiri, ziyenera kukhala nthawi zonse kwa masabata 1-1.5. Kudziwa zinthu izi pofesa, n'zosavuta kuwerengera masiku omwe mukufesa bwino kwambiri.

Mitengo yachisanu ndi yachisanu imafesedwa kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa August. Pankhani imeneyi, poganizira nyengo yokolola ya radish ya masiku 110, nyengo ikukula mderalo, komanso kufesa ndi mwezi wodula (ntchito kalendala), mukhoza kupeza zotsatira zabwino.

Rassadny njira

Kubzala mbewu za radish ndizovuta alimi ambiri amanena kuti njira iyi siyothandiza kwambiri.

Komabe, radish ingafesedwe pa mbande mu makaseti okhala ndi lotayirira, nthaka yachonde kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, ndiyeno anabzala poyera. Khalani oyambirira ndi pakati pa oyambirira mitundu.

Kodi kufesa nthawi kumadalira muzu wa mbewu?

Pali malo ogawira radish kukhala mitundu malingana ndi mtundu.

Mdima

Njira zothandizira kwambiri, zokhala ndi zokometsera zokometsera ndi zabwino, mitundu yonse ya radish yakuda imakhala pakatikati kapena nyengo, kotero imafesedwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa May (makamaka mu July) mpaka July (oyambirira a August). Kufesa kochedwa (July - August) kumapangidwira nyengo yosungiramo masamba.

White

Zokoma ndi zowonjezera kuposa zakuda, zosakhwima zokoma komanso zosangalatsa zosavuta, zimakhala ngati radish mu kukoma, makamaka mitundu yoyambirira. Choncho, kubzala kumachitika kumapeto malingana ndi nyengo. Daikon imatchedwanso kuti radish yoyera, mafuta obiriwira, makamaka kusamba kwapakati, kufesa ndibwino kuchitidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa May, imakula chaka chonse mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Chobiriwira

Osakhwima, ndi kukoma kokoma, othandiza kwambiri mavitamini. Mitundu ya "Green Goddess" ndi "Margelanskaya" ikukula mofulumira, ndipo "Yuzhanka" - kutsiriza mofulumira. Kubzala kumapangidwa malingana ndi makhalidwe a mitundu.

Ofiira (pinki)

Zosangalatsa ndi zabwino, koma zili ndi mtundu wosangalatsa. - kuchokera ku pinki kupita ku burgundy. Zonse zomwe zimatulutsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti malingana ndi nyengo yokula, nthawi yofesa idzakhala yosiyana.

Pa chiwembuko payenera kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya radish, popeza sakhala ndi mitundu yosiyana yofesa, komanso zosiyana siyana zomwe zimakhala bwino komanso zinthu zothandiza.