Beetroot ndi mmodzi mwa okonda kwambiri masamba a Russia. Iwo ndi ofunika chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo ndi phindu, komanso akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndikusungidwa.
Kuphatikiza pa zipatso, amagwiritsanso ntchito nsonga monga chakudya, chomwechonso, chili ndi mavitamini ambiri.
Njuchi zimakula pokhapokha pali nyengo yoyenera ya ichi, kuchokera kumwera mpaka kumpoto kwambiri. Mukatha kufesa masamba ndi momwe mungabzalidwe bwino, tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kufunika kwa nthawi yoyenera kukula
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zofesa beets. Njira ziwiri zobzala ndi mbewu ndi mbande. Nthawi yoyenera ikhoza kukhala masika kapena yophukira, chinthu chachikulu ndikuwona masiku olondola. Kubzala kwa mbewu kumabwalo otseguka kumachitika nthawi ya 1-2 zaka za May, pamene nthaka imakhala yotentha.
Ngati nyembazo zili mu nthaka yosakanizika bwino, kumera mphukira kudzayamba ndipo sikudzatha kukolola bwino.
Nthawi yamadzinso imatha kusankhidwa chifukwa chodzala mbewu za beet, kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa October kapena November, malingana ndi dera. Kufika kumapangidwira ngati kutuluka kwa mpweya kutentha kwa madigiri -4. Beet chomera sayenera kuchitidwa mofulumira, monga mbewu zimadzuka kuchokera kutentha zikhoza kufa.
Nthawi zambiri njuchi zimabzalidwa mmera. Pa nthawi yomweyi mbewu zimabzalidwa pakhomo. Komanso kubzala kumapangidwa mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha.
Mbande imafesedwa pamene masiku oyambirira a April amabwera ndipo pambuyo pa mwezi iwo amaikidwa pansi. Njira yobzala nyemba zimathandiza kuti nthawi yokolola ikhale yokolola komanso mbeu isungidwe, popeza zimamera pambuyo pa kupatulira zimayenera kubzala.
Kodi zimadalira chiyani?
Beet kufesa nthawi imatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo za dera limene mukukhala. Nthaŵi yoyenera yobzala masamba ndi pamene chisanu chotsiriza chapita. Nthawi yofesa imakhudzanso ngati mudzaphimba mbewu ndi filimuyo.
Nthawi yofesa imatsimikiziranso mtundu wa beet. Kawirikawiri, Mitengo yoyambirira ikuyenera kufesa kale, ndipo kenako iyenera kubzalidwa mtsogolo. Mukamabzala mitundu yochedwa, mizu yowonjezereka idzachitika mofulumira kwambiri.
Mafanizo oti afesa mbande ndi kubzala panja m'chaka - kodi pali kusiyana kotani?
Nthawi zambiri mumamva uphungu wofesa beets kumayambiriro kwa masika, mu March. Komabe, si bwino kulekerera chisanu, chiyenera kunyalidwa m'malingaliro. M'mizinda, m'madera a Siberia, kubzala beets kumalo otseguka kudzafika pakadutsa pakati pa May. Mbewu zikamakula kwa nthawi yaitali panyumba, zimachokera ndipo zokolola zam'tsogolo zimachepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chifukwa chodzala mbande m'munda kuti mubzalemo bwino mu April, poyamba kapena pakati.
Maonekedwe a 2-3 woona masamba amatanthauza kukonzekera mbande kuti lotseguka pansi. Ndikofunika kuteteza kukula kwa mbande. Ngati mizu imathandizidwa pansi pa bokosi, mawonekedwe a mizu angakhale osalondola.
Kuyala mbande pamgedi kumachitika pamene nthaka imatenthedwa osachepera kufika madigiri 10 (nthawi zambiri pakati pa May).
Nthawi yofesa mbewu?
Zabwino kwambiri
Beet ndi masamba okonda kutentha kwambiri, choncho imabzalidwa pansi, yomwe imatentha mpaka madigiri 5-10. Malamulo a kubzala beets amasiyana malinga ndi nyengo. Mwachitsanzo, kumadera akum'mwera (bears Krasnodar, Kuban) amabzalidwa mu March ndi April. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kumadera a ku Moscow, malo a beet akuchitika kumayambiriro mpaka m'ma May, komanso m'madera a Siberia ndi Ural, iyi ndi nthawi ya theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May.
Osakonzedwe
Osakakamizidwa kuti mubzala mofulumira kwambiri. Ndi ichi Mbeu zikhoza kumera msanga ndi kuonongeka ndi chisanu. Zingakhalenso zoopsa podzimny beet kufesa.
Zoletsedwa
Zaletsedwa kubzala beet kupatula pamene nthaka ikuwotchera masentimita 10 (mu masika), kapena pena kugwa kwa madzi kumapeto kwa kumayambiriro kwa October-November.
Kodi chidzachitike ndi chiyani ngati ntchitoyo ikuchitika nthawi yosafunika?
Ngati mukufesa beets pa mbande kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April pansi pa nyengo zomwe sizilola mbewu kubzalidwa pabedi, ndiye mbewu idzatambasula.
Mwachidule za momwe mungamere masamba
Pofuna kulima beets, ndibwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala, osasunthika, malo osokonezeka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kulingalira kuti ndi chikhalidwe chiti chimene chinakula pa sitepe yapitayi.- Njuchi sizinabzalidwe kwa zaka zingapo m'madera ena.
- Komanso, sayenera kuikidwa pansi mutatha kaloti.
- Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkhaka ndi kaloti ndizobwino zisanachitike.
- Njuchi zimatengedwa ngati chomera chomwe chimapangitsa chinyezi bwino komanso sichilola madzi ochulukirapo, posankha chinyezi. Amafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse.
- Nyerere zimakhala ndi zofunikira za chinyezi, pamene zimayamba kukulirakulira ndikukula mwamphamvu mzu wa mizu. Pa nthawiyi, pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu musanayeretsedwe, kuthirira kuchepa.
Pofuna kulima beets, ndibwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala, osasunthika, malo osokonezeka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kulingalira kuti ndi chikhalidwe chiti chimene chinakula pa sitepe yapitayi.Werengani zambiri za zomwe zingabzalidwe pambuyo pa beets, pafupi ndi chikhalidwe ndi zomwe zili zoyenera, werengani pano.
Timapereka kuwonera kanema pa momwe tingakhalire beets:
Nthaŵi imene nyemba zimabzalidwa ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuzisamalira. Muzitsegukira mbewu za beet zimabzalidwa masika ndi autumn. Mbande zimabzalidwa pakakhala miyezi imodzi ndi theka kutsogolo musanasamuke kuti mutsegule nthaka.
Pa kutentha kwa madigiri +5, mbewu zimayamba kumera ndi kupirira kuzizira kwachidule mpaka madigiri -2. Koma kuzizira ziyenera kupezedwa pamene zimatsogolera ku maluwa.
