Myrtle communis kapena wamba - chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira. Ndiwotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi okonda zomera za m'nyumba, nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakati pa okonda bonsai.
Dziko lakwawo la mchisitere ndi mayiko a Mediterranean - Kumwera kwa Europe ndi kumpoto kwa Africa.
Kulongosola kwachidule
Pansi pa chilengedwe, Myrtle communis nthawi zambiri imakula mpaka mamita 3-5 mu msinkhu. Muzipinda, maluwawa ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 50-60, nthawi zina amatha kufika mamita 1.
Chomeracho ndi mtengo womwe uli ndi masamba olimba kwambiri mpaka masentimita asanu kutalika, kumene mafuta ofunikira amapezeka. Zomalizirazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mafakitale ndi mankhwala.
Myrtle imadziwika kuti imakhala mkati mwa nyumba ndi maofesi, ndikupanga malo pazipangizo zapadera. Amakula pang'onopang'ono, poyerekeza ndi zomera zina zamkati - pansi pazikhala zabwino, kukula kwake pachaka kungakhale kakang'ono kwambiri mpaka mamita 10-15.
Iwo amalekerera kudulira, kotero overgrown maluwa akhoza kudula, kuphatikizapo kupereka korona wofuna mawonekedwe.
Myrtle communis akuchiritsa katundu. Mabanja ofunikira angathe kupha makoswe oposa 80 peresenti m'chipindamo, kuphatikizapo omwe amachititsa ululu ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ku matenda a m'mimba.
Chithunzi
Mutha kuona bwinobwino maluwa a "Myrt Communis" mu chithunzi chili pansipa:
Kusamalira kwanu
Myrtle communis safuna kusamalira kunyumba. Maluwa akufunira kuti apange malo abwino kwambiri, ndipo sangakhululukire mwiniwakeyo chifukwa choiwala madzi, kusowa kovala pamwamba kapena mpweya wouma kwambiri.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Myrtle imakhala yovuta kwambiri pa nthawi ya kusintha kwake. Kotero duwa nthawi zambiri limatulutsa masamba atagula, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa malo otentha kwa nyumba. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mankhwalawa ndi succinic asidi kapena Epin, ndipo timaike pansi pang'onopang'ono.
Chotsatira, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira tsiku lililonse (kupewa ma drafts!), Kuonetsetsa kuti kutuluka kwa kuwala kumakhala kosavuta. Pa nthawi yokhazikika, yesetsani kusintha kapena kuyatsa, kapenanso nthawi ya kupopera mbewu.
Kuunikira
Kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino cha ming'oma, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kufika kwa kuchuluka kwa kuwala kosavuta. Kuwonekera kwa kanthawi kochepa kwa miyezi yeniyeni iye adzapirira popanda mavuto koma pokhala ndi mphika kumbali ya kumwera kwa nyumba muyenera kulingalira za chitetezo china mu chilimwe.
ZOCHITIKA! Malo abwino kwambiri a mchisu ali kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Kumeneko adzalandira kuwala kokwanira popanda kuopseza. Mutha kuyika pawindo la kumpoto, koma limakhudza mtundu wa maluwa.
Pa maluwa, mutha kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kupanda kowala - nthambi zake zidzakhala zoonda, masamba adzakhala ochepa, ochepa komanso akhale obiriwira. Mukamasuntha myrtle kuchokera kumalo amdima kupita kuzinthu zina, sizingatheke kuchita izi mwadzidzidzi - ziyenera kuti zizoloŵezi zowonjezera zikhale zochepa.
Kutentha
Kukula m'nyengo ya chilimwe kutentha kwakukulu kumafunika - mkati mwa 18-20 madigiri. Ndipo apa m'nyengo yozizira, mmalo mwake, ndi zofunika kwa mchisitere kutentha kutentha kwa 6-8 madigiri. Pankhaniyi, m'chilimwe chidzakula pachimake bwino.
Ngati mwiniwakeyo alibe mwayi wopanga nyengo zotentha, chomeracho chingakhale nthawiyi m'chipinda chodziwika bwino, komabe chiyenera kuthirizidwa mosamala ndi kupopera.
Popanda izo m'nyengo yozizira, maluwawo akhoza kutaya masamba onse, koma si owopsa. Ndikofunika kupitiliza kuthirira ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo idzasanduka wobiriwira, ngakhale kuti sudzaphulika chaka chino.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Makomiti a Myrtle amakonda chinyezi, ndipo chotero kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka autumn ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse sprayed. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kutentha kwa chipinda kumawonetsedwa, sikofunikira.
Kuthirira
Ndikofunika kupanga madzi okha opatulidwa, osagwiritsa ntchito chlorinated kapena hard. Pakati pa kasupe mpaka autumn, madzi okwanira ambiri amachitika pamene topsoil imalira. M'nyengo yozizira, pansi pa zikhalidwe za kutentha (+ 6-8 madigiri) - kuthirira ndi kawirikawiri, koperewera, mwinamwake - mosamala. Sitingalole kusintha kwa dziko lapansi mu chipinda chouma, koma ngati izi zidachitika, ndibwino kuti mumire madzi mumadzi.
Ndiponso kuthirira madzi ndi mpweya wabwino mumphika ndi koopsa kwa mchisitara - Izi zingachititse kuvunda kwa mizu, kugonjetsedwa kwa mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Pambuyo kuthirira madzi poto ayenera kuthiridwa.
ZOCHITIKA! Chizindikiro chabwino pakufunika kuthirira - nsonga za nthambi. Panthawi imeneyo, nthaka ikayamba kuuma, imamira. Ngati mwaphonya kuthirira, ndiye kuti nthambizo zimawombera ndipo chomeracho chidzachotsa masamba.
Maluwa
Maluwa a myrtle amamasuka ndi maluwa okongola omwe amaoneka kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Mphamvu ya maluwa ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi zosayenera wintering mikhalidwe, kwambiri kudula achinyamata zomera. Kuchuluka kwa mbewu, iye amayamba kuphuka kuyambira zaka 3-5.
Kuwongolera kungapangidwe ndi burashi. Ngati njirayi idayenda bwino, kugwa kukuwonekera mabulosi amdima obiriwira. Pamene yakucha, mbewu zimatha kupezeka kwa iwo, zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kubzala.
Feteleza (kuvala)
Pofuna kukula, mungathe kudyetsa nthawi kuyambira masika mpaka autumn, ndifupipafupi kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Amagwiritsa ntchito organic kapena mineral feteleza. Sikoyenera kudyetsa m'nyengo yozizira. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito osakaniza okhala ndi laimu. Pambuyo pakuika feteleza ayenera kuimitsidwa kwa miyezi 1-1.5.
Kuwaza
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri iyi ndi masika oyambirira, nyengo isanayambe. Mitengo yachinyamata iyenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse. kusankha mphika 2-3 masentimita kuposa kuposa kale. Ndikofunikira pa ntchito kuti musayambe kuika pansi pamtengo. M'tsogolomu, mungathe kuchita zomwezo kamodzi pa zaka 2-3, kusintha masentimita ndi apansi a nthaka, kudzaza madzi atsopano. Malo abwino kwambiri a nthaka - mbali imodzi ya peat, humus ndi mchenga, ndi magawo awiri a nthaka ya sod.
ZOCHITIKA! Kwa ngalande ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lowedzeredwa kapena miyala yotsukidwa. Mulimonsemo palibe polyfoam yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu izi - zimagwirizanitsidwa pansi pa zovuta za nthaka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kupuma, zomwe zimachititsa acidification ndi kuvunda kwa mizu.
Tikufika
Ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi mbewu ndi ndondomeko. Mbewu imafesedwa pansi, kenako imathiridwa pamwamba pake ndi wosanjikiza. Kumera kwa mbewu za mchisu kumachitika masabata awiri mutatha kufesa.
Kubzala cuttings kungathe kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Kuti muchite izi, tengani zidutswa zamkati za 5-8 masentimita mu kukula, kudula kumatengedwa ndi mizu yotulutsira.
Kukula
Mutabzala mbewu, mphika umadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi, nthawi zina amawotcha ndi kusungidwa kutentha pafupifupi madigiri oposa19. Pambuyo pofika masamba awiri pa mbande, amatha kukhala pamiphika. Maluwa amayamba zaka zisanu.
Ngati zidutswazo zimabzalidwa mumphika, zimadzazidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi, ndipo zimayikidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 18-20. Rooting phesi kwa milungu 3-4. Pambuyo pake, zomera zing'onozing'ono zingabzalidwe miphika yosiyana ya mamita asanu ndi awiri. Pamene mizu yadzaza chidebe chonsecho, amakotira mu mphika watsopano.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Myrtle sitingatchedwe kuti ndi yotopetsa, komabe imamveka kutentha kwa mpweya, chinyezi ndi kuwala. Ngati izi ziphwanyidwa, mavuto awa angakhalepo:
- masamba atembenuka chikasu, ayambe kupiringa - maluwa amawotchera, ndikofunikira kuteteza kuchoka kumalo osuntha kapena kupita kumalo ochepa kwambiri;
- masamba ali aang'ono, otumbululuka - Kuunikira sikukwanira, muyenera kuyisuntha pafupi ndi kuwala;
- chomeracho chataya masamba - Imeneyi ndiyomwe imakhala yotetezeka kuchitetezo. Izi zikhoza kuphatikizapo kusowa kuwala, kutentha kwa mphepo, kusowa madzi okwanira.
Powonjezereka kwambiri, kuvunda kwa tsinde loyamba ndi mizu ikuyamba, matenda a fungal amapezeka. Mwamwayi, pakadali pano, kuchiritsa mchisitara sikungatheke ndipo imamwalira.
Chifukwa cha kuphwanya mikhalidwe, mitundu ina ya tizilombo tingathe kuoneka - kangaude, whitefly, scythe kapena aphid. Zonsezi, kupatula kwa scythe, zimachiritsidwa ndi kuchapa madzi ndi mankhwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Pankhani ya chishango, m'pofunika kupeza njira zopanda ntchito, ndikuzigwiritsira ntchito kumtumikizanitsa. Maluwa ena onse adzawonongedwa.
Miyezi - Chomera chobiriwira chobiriwira chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukula bonsai. Sichimafuna khama kwambiri mu zomwe zili, komabe, sitingathe kukhululukira madzi okwanira oiwalika.
