Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mapiritsi a nkhuku ndi feteleza iyi ndi yani?

Ngati mukufuna kuwona kuti zokolola zanu zimapindula komanso zimapindulitsa, wamaluwa amadziwa kuti akuyang'ana feteleza ngati nkhuku ya nkhuku. Ichi ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri cha zinthu zakutchire, chomwe mungathe kukwaniritsa njira zowonjezera zamoyo m'nthaka, pamene zomera zimalandira carbon dioxide yamtengo wapatali.

Komabe, samalani - ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala, kuwerengera molondola ndondomekoyi. Ngati mutachita zonse mwanzeru, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza chida cholimba chodyetsa munda wanu.

Kupanga ndi zothandiza katundu

Kodi zitosi za nkhuku zothandiza kwambiri ndi ziti?

Choyamba, ndi feteleza kwathunthu popanda mankhwala. Kuyerekeza: kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mmenemo ndi 1.2-1.9%, pamene mullein ndi 0,5% okha, komanso mu manyowa a nkhosa okha 0,9%. Sikuti nitrojeni yokha, koma peresenti ya phosphorous ndi katatu kuposa feteleza ena ofanana. Komanso, phosphorous mu nkhuku chakudya chimakhala ngati nucleoproteins ndi phosphatites.

Kuwonjezera pa potaziyamu, yomwe imathandizanso kuti kukula kwazomera kukhale bwino, apa pali mawonekedwe a saluble. Akatswiri a zaulimi ndi wamaluwa akhala akudziwa kale makhalidwe awa a nkhuku manyowa. Mukayerekezera chovalachi ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa feteleza, sikuti ndizochepa kwa iwo pa kuchuluka kwa zakudya.

Manyowa a nkhuku samatsukidwa bwino m'nthaka, koma nthawi yomweyo amafikira mizu ya zomera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchuluka kwa salt m'nthaka kumakhala kovomerezeka malinga ndi zotsatira za kufufuza. Zotsatira: zokolola zapamwamba komanso zofulumira.

Kuchita bwino sikudziwika kokha pa kukula kwa zipatso ndi kucha zipatso, komanso mavitamini, mapuloteni ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapezeka mu mbewu. Mwachitsanzo: kuchuluka kwa shuga mu shuga, shuga ndi feteleza nkhuku, zidzakhala 10-15% zina.

Agronomists amatchula makhalidwe ena ofunikira a zitosi za mbalame.:

• sichiwotcha ndipo sichimawombana;
• mulibe poizoni ndi nitrates;
• lili ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika monga nitrogen, potaziyamu, phosphorous, iron, magnesium, calcium;
• Sikoyenera kuwonjezerapo nthawi iliyonse, ndikwanira kuchita kamodzi pa zaka zitatu;
• zimapereka chakudya chabwino cha mbewu zambiri;
• Kusanthula dothi pambuyo pa feteleza ndizowona, acidity ndi microflora ziri bwino;
• nthawi ya ukalamba ndi kuchepa;
• akuwonjezera kuwonjezera chitetezo cha zomera, zomwe zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda ndikuwonjezereka kutsutsana ndi nyengo zovuta;
• sichimawononga mizu ya mbewu.

Koma, ngakhale kuti ali ndi makhalidwe ndi ulemu, nkhuku za nkhuku ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa molingana ndi malangizo. Ndibwino kwa zomera zina pa nthawi yonse ya kukula, kwa ena - kokha pa nthawi inayake, ndi ena - imatsutsana mosiyana.

Kodi mungachite chiyani ndi izo?

Ngati mutenganso manyowa, mukhoza kupeza feteleza.

Ikhoza kugula mu mawonekedwe omaliza., ndipo mukhoza kukonzekera, ndithudi, ngati mutasunga nkhuku.

Mulimonsemo, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi mbewu iti zomwe zimakonda kuti "zikondwerero" pa iwo, komanso zomwe zingathe kufa.

Monga feteleza

Tiyeni tiwone kuti nthawi ziti kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe kumapindula. Monga lamulo, zitosi za mbalame zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chakudya:

• masamba;
• zipatso;
• mitengo ya zipatso;
• tchire.

Mwachitsanzo, kabichi ndi eggplant zimamva bwino kwambiri pambuyo pa feteleza zowomba mbalame. Tomato ndi nkhaka akhoza kudyetsedwa kawiri kapena katatu pa nyengo. Agronomists amanena zimenezo Chifukwa cha kusamalidwa kwa zomera, malo abwino omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chapamwamba kwambiri komanso kukoma kwake amapezeka..

Koma adyo, anyezi, ndi masamba ena, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zitosi za nkhuku mosamala. Kuwaza masambawa ndi kotheka kumayambiriro kwa June, pamene akukumana ndi chiyambi cha nyengo yokula. Pambuyo kuthirira, mumatha kuona momwe masambawa akugwiritsira ntchito komanso kuwonjezera kukula kwa maluwa.

Zitetezero za chitetezo

Nkhuku ya nkhuku mumayendedwe ake ndi owopsa kwa zomera, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, choncho ndizofunika kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha mu mawonekedwe ochepetsedwa. Kuti muwone. Kuchokera pa 1 makilogalamu a zitosi za mbalame, pafupifupi pafupifupi 0,62 makilogalamu. mamita a gasi, 60% ake ndi methane.

Kuonjezera apo, methane ndi ammonia zimamasulidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala za nkhuku zomwe zimawonongeka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mbewu. Kuipa kwa nthaka ndi laimu, yomwe imapanga 2% ya manyowa..

Kuti zokolola zisangalatse mlimi, zitosi za mbalame ziyenera kukonzedwa bwino ndi kusungidwa mosamala, ngati zikuuma mofulumira. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira zokopera ndi composting.

Momwe mungasamalire ndi kusunga bwino?

Choyamba, tiyeni tione m'mene tingagwiritsire ntchito malisita. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuikapo mapepala, sieve, broom ndi magolovesi otetezera ndi suti (ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa malitawa amakhala ndi mazira a helminth ndi mabakiteriya).

Ganizirani malo okhudzidwa ndi zinyalala za nkhuku. Kawirikawiri izi ndi malo amodzi kapena malo odyetsa. Chabwino ngati pamalo ano adzagona udzu, udzu kapena peat. Zomwe zimayambira pa feteleza mtsogolo - kuphatikizapo. Osati kukayikira, kusonkhanitsa chirichonse mu chidebe.

Ndiye zonse zimadalira momwe mumasungira feteleza.

Kulowetsedwa

Kugwiritsa ntchito zitosi za mbalame mu feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito kulowetsedwa pamadzi. Kuti muchite izi, tsatirani malangizo awa:

1. Tengani manyowa omwe amakololedwa kapena kugula zitovu za granulated mu sitolo ngati mulibe nkhuku zanu, ndipo muzitaya mumtsuko kapena mbiya.
2. Lembani zonse ndi madzi ndipo mupite kukavota kwa masiku 10-15.
3. Pambuyo pa tsiku lomaliza, sungani kusakaniza ndi 1:20 madzi ndi kuthirira pa mlingo wa 0,5 malita a fetereza pa mbeu.
4. Thirani madzi ndi kuthirira akhoza. Chitani izi kuti madzi asafike ku mizu. Anthu ambiri samamwetsa zomera zokha, koma nthaka pakati pa mizere.
5. Pambuyo kuthirira pansi pa kuthirira mungakhale ndi kakang'ono. Musati muponye iyo, koma imbani pansi pa mtengo wa zipatso kapena shrub.
6. Pambuyo pa umuna, zomera zimayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi wamba. Samalirani kwambiri masamba: chotsani yankho.

Kompositi

Njira ina yotchuka yokolola fetereza ndi milu ya manyowa. Kompositi ndi yosakaniza nkhuku manyowa, udzu, udzu kapena peat.. Kawirikawiri apa amalimi amawonjezera manyowa a ng'ombe kapena a kalulu.

1. Ngati mukukonzekera kompositi kuchokera ku manyowa amodzi, mwachitsanzo, udzu, ndiye kuti gawo loyamba lisapitirire 20 cm, ndipo chachiwiri - 30 cm.
2. Njira ina yosanjikiza mpaka muluwo ufikira mita imodzi.
3. Manyowa apamwamba akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi filimu: kotero kuti muchotse fungo, ndipo njira yakuwonongeka mu kutentha idzafulumira.

Manyowawa amwazika m'dzinja, m'nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika m'munda. Nthaŵi yabwino ndi yophukira mutatha kukolola, monga m'nyengo yozizira imagawidwa mdziko lonse pansi pa mphamvu ya mvula ndi kusungunuka madzi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamtengo wapatali

Njira yabwino yosungiramo ndi kuyendetsa nkhuku manyowa ndi kuwuma ndi kuzizira.. Izi zimachitika pa ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Ubwino wa feteleza uwu ndi:

• Kuwonongeka kosafulumira kumataya nayitrogeni, pafupifupi malire ndi 50% ya mankhwala kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Granule manyowa amakhalabe opindulitsa katundu popanda imfa.
• Udzu wa granulated anatsuka zotsalira, mbewu zamsongole, mphutsi za helminth ndi tizilombo.
• Palibe fungo losasangalatsa.
• Kuli kosavuta, kutsatira malangizo.

Ngati muli ndi zinyalala zotere kuyambira nyengoyi, ndiye bwino kuti muzisungire ndi peat mu mabokosi ndi mabowo kuti mwayendetsedwe bwino mu chipinda chouma. Zojambula za nkhuku zili ndi pH ya 6.6, yomwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa nthaka.

Zoonadi Pambuyo pa feteleza ndi mankhwalawa, alimi samangotuta zokolola zabwino, komanso amalimbitsa nthaka. Mitundu ya Humus m'nthaka ndi nthaka imachotsedwa.