Mid-nyengo chakudya beet Ekkendorfsky chikasu: zizindikiro za kalasi, kukamatera, kusiya ndi kusunga zokolola

Kudyetsa ziweto zosiyanasiyana zapulazi nthawi zonse zakhala zovuta kwambiri pa ulimi.

Pakati pa mbewu zonse zodziwika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, chakudya cha beet ndichabechabechabe, chotsika mtengo komanso chokwanira chodyetsa mitundu yambiri ya zinyama.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya cha beet "Ekkendorfskaya chikasu" inadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa malo otetezeka kwambiri m'deralo ndipo imapangidwanso ndi zakudya zamagetsi, pectin ndi fiber, zomwe zimakulolani kuzigwiritsa ntchito molimbika pakudyetsa mitundu yambiri ya zinyama chaka chonse.

Makhalidwe ndi ndondomeko

Fodya beet "Ekkendorfsky chikasu" ndi hybrid mid-nyengo chakudya chopatsa thanzi zaka ziwiri zosiyanasiyana Amaranth banja ndi kukula kwa miyezi isanu.

Tsinde lakula kwambiri, kufika mamita 1 kapena kuposa.

Masamba omwe ali ndi nsonga zooneka ngati mtima, zowirira-zobiriwira, zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Maonekedwe a mizu akhoza kukhala awiri ndi kuzungulira (zofala kwambiri). Pamene chipatsocho chimaonjezera kwambiri, zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri. Khungu la chipatso ndi louma, lochepa, pangakhale zochepa zazing'ono.

Mtundu wa mizu umasiyana ndi wachikasu mpaka wobiriwira wobiriwira pamwamba, ndi wofiira wofiira mpaka wachikasu pansi. Mnofu uli ndi kuchepa kwa juiciness, fungo lafungo labwino, lolimba, lolimba, loyera. Kulemera kwa mizu kuchokera 750 mpaka 3000 magalamu, mkati mofanana kufesa kumakula chimodzimodzi ngakhale zipatso.

Mbiri yobereka

Zotsambazi zinamangidwa m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu ku Germany pambuyo pa kafukufuku wambiri pa kusankha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majeremusi yambiri yolimbana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe.

Kuyesedwa kosawerengeka kwa zomera ndi kulima kwawo panthawi yapadera (dothi linalake, kuunika kochepa, kufesa ndi kukolola, kuchulukitsa ndi kuchulukitsa ulimi wothirira, kulima kulingalira kumtunda wa tsikulo) kunapangitsa kuti azindikire mitundu yodabwitsa ya fodya beet yomwe ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za akatswiri azaulimi ndi alimi, ndi komanso kukhala ndi mpangidwe wambiri wa chipatso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apindule kwambiri.

Kodi kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina?

Kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu iyi kuchokera kwa ena ndi motere:

• Zomwe zimapezeka m'zakumwa, zakudya zamagetsi, ayodini, ayoni yazitsulo, potaziyamu, phosphorous.
• Pamwamba ma B vitamini, rutin ndi ascorbic asidi.
• Amatchulidwa kuteteza kutentha kutentha ndi matenda ambiri a amaranth.
• Mphamvu yosunga mizu chaka chonse.
• Zakudya zabwino za hawthorn kudyetsa ziweto.
• Kukolola kosavuta chifukwa chakuti pamene akuphuka zipatso zimakwera pamwamba pa nthaka kufika pa magawo awiri pa atatu a kutalika kwake.
• Zosiyanasiyana si zachilendo.
• Kukwera kwazamakono n'kosavuta kuzindikira ndi imfa yachikasu ndi yopanda phindu masamba.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Ubwino:

• Kukolola kwakukulu ndi kudzichepetsa.
• Mapulogalamu abwino kwambiri a mchere ndi makompyuta.
• Kukaniza kusintha kwa kutentha, mphukira imatsutsanso ndi chisanu.
• Cylindrical yosalala mawonekedwe a chipatso.
• Kusungirako nthawi yaitali osasintha kukoma ndi maonekedwe.
• Kuthetsa kukula kwa mbewu zamsongole.

Kuipa:

• Pakuti zokolola zapamwamba zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya kutentha ya madigiri 18-20;
• Nthaka yowawa si yoyenera kufesa;
• Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo a kasinthasintha mbewu.

Kodi ndi chiyani ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pati?

Mitundu iyi ili ndi khalidwe labwino la chakudya., kuwonjezeka kwambiri mkaka wa ng'ombe mkaka, umene umagwiritsa ntchito popatsa ng'ombe, komanso mbalame, akalulu. Zipatso ndi nsonga za zomera ndizoyenera kudya. Masamba amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zipangizo za kukonzekera kwa ufa wa zitsamba.

Ndi zokolola za ng'ombe imodzi, zipatso za matani pafupifupi 3 zimafunikira matani 3. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mtengo wapatali wa agrotechnical, chifukwa mutatha kukolola umasiya kumbuyo kwa dziko lapansi, kuyeretsa namsongole.

Ndondomeko ndi sitepe yotsalira ndi kusamalira

1. Kodi ndikuti ndigule mbewu zingati?

   Mbewu ingagulidwe mwachindunji m'masitolo ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg, komanso kulamulidwa pa Intaneti ndi kubereka. Kawirikawiri mtengo ndi makapu 13.5 ndi machenga 11 mpaka 16 pa makilogalamu asanu.

2. Nthawi yobwera.

   Kubzala kwa mbewu zonse ndi mizu kumapangidwa mu May.

3. Kusankha malo okhala.

   Chomeracho ndi cha chikondi chodziwika ndi chikondi, choncho malo amasankhidwa kutseguka, kuwala tsiku lonse.

   Kumera bwino kumafesedwa mukamamera mbatata, chimanga cha silage ndi mbewu zina zapakale. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala izi zosiyanasiyana pambuyo pa vwende ndi solanaceous.

4. Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?.

   Nthaka yofesa imasankhidwa kumasuntha kwa kuya kwa masentimita 20-30, yokonzedwa, olemera mu organic matter. Malingana ndi kuyambika kwa feteleza ndi feteleza ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito dothi loamy ndi mchenga. Dothi losavuta siloyenera kufesa.

5. Tikufika.

   Kufesa kumachitika mozama masentimita 3 malingana ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi 10 x 45 masentimita. Amabzalidwa mumtsinje wokonzedwa bwino, m'masiku oyambirira (mbeu isanayambe) kumera bwino nthaka. Kuwombera kumawonekera pafupi sabata.

6. Kutentha.

   Kufesa kumalimbikitsidwa pa kutentha kwa madigiri 10-15. Mphukira imatha kutulutsa chisanu chaching'ono kuti isachepetse madigiri 3-5. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kukula ndi 18-20 ° C.

7. Kuthirira.

   Kuthirira kumachitidwa kamodzi kokha kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-10), kenako nthaka imatsukidwa mwamsanga kuchokera kwa namsongole ndipo imamasulidwa ndi chodulira pansalu.

8. Kupaka pamwamba.

   Kudyetsa kumalimbikitsidwa mwangwiro mpaka katatu pa nthawi ya kukula. Gwiritsani ntchito monga chilengedwe (manyowa, kompositi, phulusa, etc.), ndi feteleza zopangidwa ndi mchere wokwanira 200 kg pa hekta imodzi.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Iyo ikamera imakhala ndi masamba oposa atatu, zomera zimayenera kuti zichepetse ndikusiyidwa kwambiri. Kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zapamwamba kwambiri za mbeu ndi zamtundu wambiri wa pirin ndi pectin, pamene kulima kumayenera kupanga manyowa okhwima, kompositi, phulusa lamtengo (feteleza zachilengedwe).

Njira yokolola

Mwezi umodzi usanafike nthawi yokolola, kuthirira kwatha.

Muzu wa masamba amakololedwa asanayambe chisanu. (kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October, kutentha kutatsala pansi pa madigiri 8). Kuyeretsa kungapangidwe pamanja, kukoka pamwamba, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zaulimi.

Kusungirako

Pambuyo kukolola, beets zouma padzuwa, kutsukidwa ndi zotsalira za nthaka ndi masamba. Sungani zipatso mu storages kapena cellars pa kutentha kuchokera 0 mpaka +2 ° C kuti kuchepetsa kutayika kwa madzi ndi kufufuza zinthu, komanso kuteteza kukula kwa masamba.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Chomeracho sichimayambitsa matenda a amaranth., koma ndi chisamaliro cholakwika komanso kuthirira mowa kwambiri, matenda omwe ali ndi tizirombo amatha (downy mildew).

Chiwonetsero - chikasu ndi kuyanika kwa gawo limodzi ndi imfa ya chomera.

Kuteteza kugwiritsa ntchito mineral feteleza (nitroammofoski ndi feteleza zochokera potaziyamu).

Kompositi imafunikanso pochita dzuŵa kukumba. Mpaka makilogalamu 40 a feteleza adzafunika pa hekitala, ndipo mpaka 2 olemera a phulusa.

Kupewa vuto

Pofuna kuteteza matenda, kuvunda kwa mbewu, nkofunika kutsata malamulo oyendetsa mbewu ndi zofunikira kuti mubzala, musagwiritse ntchito nthaka yamchere, nthawi zonse muzimera ndi kusamba namsongole.

Maphunziro a zaka zapakati pa zaka ziwiri "Ekkendorfsky chikasu" ndi odzichepetsa ndi kupindulitsa pamakonzedwe a zomera, zoyenera zinyama zambiri zakutchire ndi nkhuku, komanso zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kukula ndi kusamalira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokolola zamtengo wapatali kwa chaka chathunthu.