Ambiri wamaluwa amalima ziwembu zokongola pachaka kapena osatha herbaceous zomera - asters. Pali mitundu yoposa 500. Nyenyezi zimabzalidwa m'mabedi a maluwa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalire, rabatok, kukongoletsa makonde kapena masitepe, kulemba maluwa okongola ndi kukonzekera maluwa. Koma, mwatsoka, zokongola zonsezi zikhoza kuonongeka ndi matenda a asters, omwe oposa minda imodzi adakumana nawo.
Mukudziwa? Ku Ulaya, aster anaonekera m'zaka za m'ma XVII. Iye mwamseri anabwera ndi monk kuchokera ku China. Pambuyo pake, maluwawo anafalikira ku Central Europe.
Matenda a asters, mankhwala ndi kupewa
Masiku ano, mbewu za aster zimatumizidwa kuchokera kunja, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti kuthekera ndi kufalikira kwa matenda atsopano a tizilombo. Mavairasi atsopano ndi matenda omwe poyamba ankakhala mumkhalidwe wina mwamsanga amatha kusintha ndi kusintha kwa atsopano. Amadabwa, okha, amavutika ndi matenda ambiri a tizilombo (24 mitundu).
Jaundice asters
Aster tizirombo monga cicada ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimanyamula jaundice. Tsamba la masamba likuvutika. Choyamba, zimayamba kutuluka m'mitsempha, kenako tsamba la chlorosis limapezeka. Zomera zimasiya kukula ndi kutembenuka. Polimbana ndi matendawa ayenera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yothetsera anti-virus kapena Pyrimora kuchokera ku tizirombo.
Against nsabwe za m'masamba, mungagwiritse ntchito decoction wa yarrow: 800 g wa yarrow, kutsanulira 10 malita a madzi (madzi otentha) ndi wiritsani kwa 2-3 maola, ozizira. Onetsetsani kuti muwotche zomera zowonongeka. Monga njira yowonetsera, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mame a Mealy
Mame a nkhumba ndi matenda a fungal a asters. Zizindikiro zake zimakhala zoyera pachimake, kuyanika ndi kugwa kwa masamba, kupotoka kwa peduncles ndi imfa yawo. Kawirikawiri matendawa amafalikira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zakudya, kusowa kubzala ndi kukwera kwa chinyezi.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa:
Iyenera kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala monga Topaz kapena Vectra, omwe ali ndi cholinga cholimbana nacho;- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika katatu milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Iyenera kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala monga Topaz kapena Vectra, omwe ali ndi cholinga cholimbana nacho;Msolo wakuda
Blackleg ndi matenda a fungal. Mitengo ndi mbande zimayamba kutembenuka wakuda, muzu wa mizu ndi zimayambira zowola, mizu yovunda imayamba, kenako mbewu imafa. Bowawu ndi lofala pa dothi losavuta.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa:
- konzekerani mwamsanga;
- chotsani zomera zazikulu;
- onetsetsani nthaka ndi 1% yothetsera potassium permanganate;
- Fukuta nthaka yozungulira asters ndi mchenga;
- Sakanizani makapu, malo obiriwira, miphika ya maluwa ndi madzi kapena mkuwa.
Pofuna kuchotsa bowa, dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mapeyala anyezi: 20 g wa peels ayenera kutsanulidwa ndi lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikuchoka kwa maola 24, sieved ndi 2-3 kupopera mankhwala ayenera kuperekedwa sabata iliyonse.Akuyesa dzimbiri
Matenda monga asters dzimbiri angayambitse imfa ya maluwa onse pa tsamba. Zipangizo za dzimbiri zimatengedwa ndi mphepo pamtunda wautali, ndipo zimapereka nyengo yozizira bwino, ndipo masika amapanga maluwa wathanzi kachiwiri.
Kutupa kumawonetseredwa ndi maonekedwe a utoto ndi kukula kwa bulauni ndi bulauni mtundu pa masamba. Ngati simungayambe kulimbana ndi matendawa m'kupita kwa nthawi, idzafalikira maluwa ena.
Kulimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi kupewa:
- Chomera chimadutsa kutali ndi mitengo ya coniferous (mamita 250-350);
- gwiritsani ntchito prophylactic sprays Bordeaux madzi;
- ngati dzimbiri litulukira kale - spray fungicides milungu iwiri iliyonse mpaka kuthetsa matendawa.
Septoria
Chifukwa china chimene zimachititsa kuti asters ziwonongeke ndi Septoria. Matendawa amaoneka ndi maonekedwe a masamba a bulauni, omwe amawononga kwambiri maonekedwe a asters. Matendawa amafalikira mofulumira ndipo amakhudza masamba onse, amatha, aster amasiya kukula ndikufa.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa:
- zochepa kunja kwa landings;
- spray yankho la Bordeaux mowa kapena mkuwa oxychloride.
Kuwonongeka kochedwa
Nthenda ina ya fungali yomwe asters amavomereza nayo kuchepa kwachedwa. Osiyana ndi maonekedwe a bulauni ndi pachimake choyera.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa:
- ayenera kupopedwa ndi kukonzekera kopangidwa ndi mkuwa;
- chotsani zitsamba za zomera zowonongeka.
Fusarium
Fusarium ndi imodzi mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri. Zimayambitsidwa ndi bowa Fusarium, lomwe limafalikira ndi spores. Zomera zolimbana ndi nthaka. Matendawa amalowa m'katikati mwa dongosolo la vasoconducting ndipo amawombera, kenako Fusarium idzachitika.
Ndikofunikira! Maluwa aang'ono Fusarium infects kwambiri kawirikawiri, kokha ngati mavuto amayamba (kutentha kwambiri, dothi la acidic).
Kulimbana ndi matendawa:
Ndikofunika kuti miyambo ina ikhale yobzala.- onjezerani mandimu ku nthaka kuti musamalowe m'thupi;
- Sungani nthaka musanafese mbewu;
- Pofuna kupewa mbeu ya mbeu, mutabzala mbeu ayenera kupopedwa ndi mkuwa oxychloride yankho.
Ndikofunika kuti miyambo ina ikhale yobzala.Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, njira zochitira nawo
Tizilombo ta asters timabweretsa mavuto ambiri kwa wamaluwa. Kuwonjezera pa kuwononga kukongola kwa zomera, amanyamula matenda ndi mavairasi. Pofuna kuteteza maluwa ku tizilombo toopsya, muyenera kuchita zowononga:
- m'dzinja kukumba za dziko lapansi;
- kuchotsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zomera zakufa ndi za pachaka mu kugwa;
- malo abwino ndi kusankha malo otsetsereka;
- gwiritsani ntchito humus, laimu ndi kompositi kunthaka;
- mtunda woyenera pakati pa zomera.
Meadow bug
Kukula kwa kachilomboka ndi 5-10 mm, komabe, kungayambitse maluwa ambiri. Chibwibwi ndi tizilombo tokasu ndi thupi lopangika, limene mapiko ake amatsindikizidwa mwamphamvu. Nthokidzi imawononga maluwa, masamba, mphukira, masamba ndi zimayambira. Masamba ayamba kupota, masambawo ndi opunduka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kudula tizilombo:
- kupopera mbewu ndi karbofos njira;
- phosphamide kufumbika.
Kangaude mite
Nkhupakupa ndi tizilombo toyambira 0,4-0.5 mm kukula komwe kumakhala pansi pa tsamba. Mtundu wake mu kasupe ndi yophukira ndi lalanje-wachikasu, wofiira, ndi m'chilimwe - wobiriwira-wachikasu. Amadyetsa madzi a asters, chifukwa chake masamba amasanduka chikasu.
Kudula tizilombo:
ulamuliro wa udzu;- kuthirira ndi yankho la sulfa ndi laimu m'nyengo yozizira;
- kupopera mankhwala ndi 2% pyrethrium solution, 0.2% yankho la karbofos, tincture fodya, adyo kapena anyezi.
ulamuliro wa udzu;Wapita Slug
Slug amadya masamba ndipo amawononga masamba. Zitha kuzindikiridwa mosavuta ndi thupi laling'ono lomwe liri ndi nyanga pamutu. Zitsambazi zimateteza mabowo osungunula, omwe amadzaza ndi ziphuphu zake.
Kudula tizilombo:
- Chitani chiwonongeko cha namsongole;
- kuwaza ndi mandimu pamphepete mwa ziwembu;
- Pangani nthaka ndi laimu.
Mpendadzuwa moto
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi butterfly chachikulu mpaka 20-25 mm. Amapukuta imvi, atapangidwira. Nkhumba zimakhala zazikulu 9-15 mm. Mphepetezo ndizoopsa chifukwa zimayika mazira pa maluwa ena. Mbozi imadya mungu ndi maluwa, ndiye sungani ndi kudya mbewu mu madengu.
Kudula tizilombo:
- chithandizo cha nthaka ndi basudin musanadzalemo;
- kusonkhanitsa mbozi ndi agulugufe pamanja.
Aphid a impso
Aphid makamaka amawononga achinyamata zomera. Amadyetsa zowonongeka kwa zomera, chifukwa masamba omwe amapangira tsamba amayamba kupota, amauma ndi kugwa. Nsabwe za m'masamba zikhoza kufalikira kwa asters kuchokera ku zomera zoyandikana kapena namsongole kumene amakhala. Choncho, ngati mupopera asters, spray zomera zoyandikana nazo kuti muteteze.
Kudula tizilombo:
- kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa karbofos;
- kupopera mbewu mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kuthetsa pennitsa
Mphutsi yamtundu wachikasu imakhala m'mabulu otsekemera pa masamba kapena mphukira. Ntchito ikuwonetsedwa kuchokera pakati pa mwezi wa May kufikira oyambirira a July. Amawononga masamba ndi zimayambira maluwa. Izi zimabweretsa kusintha kwa asters ndi kuchepa kwa maluwa ake.
Kudula tizilombo:
- Chitani chithandizo ndi Karbofos kapena Antio;
- Gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mankhwala kapena kusuta fodya ndi sopo.
Ndikofunikira! Kusunga madzi pamwamba pa zomera musanayambe kupopera mbewu, muyenera kuwonjezera sopo.
Scoop gamma
The gamop-gamma ndi butterfly wofiira wamitundu yofiira, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi chithunzi chowala pamapiko ake, chofanana ndi chilembo chachi Greek "gamma". Zimayambitsa mavuto aakulu kumayambiriro kwa nyengo pamene zomera zimayambira. Pafupifupi theka la chilimwe, gulugufe ndi loopsa kwambiri. Nkhumba imakoka wobiriwira, kutalika kwa 32 mm, kumbuyo kwake mizere 8 yowala. Mbozi imadya mbali zam'mlengalenga.
Kudula tizilombo:
- Chitani chiwonongeko cha namsongole;
- kupopera mbewu zomera ndi njira yothetsera Chlorophos, Karbofos, Phosphamide.
Kupuma
Thrips zimawononga kwambiri masamba a zomera. Kudya masamba, amachititsa chikasu, kuyanika ndi kutaya masamba. Maonekedwe ndi kukongoletsa kwa asters amatayika.
Kudula tizilombo:
- Dzani anyezi, fodya ndi adyo.
Earworm
Thupi la mtundu wa earwig wamba wofiira, mpaka 2 cm kutalika. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi owopsa kwa zomera. Amasonyeza ntchito kuyambira kumapeto kwa June mpaka mapeto a maluwa. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya earwig, masamba, masamba ndi inflorescences a asters awonongeka.
Kudula tizilombo:
- Kupanga fumbi ndi pyrethrum, basezol;
- Chotsatira chotsatira chotsatiridwa ndi chiwonongeko cha tizilombo.
Mukudziwa? Amaluwa ena amagwiritsa ntchito misampha yapadera yochepetsera khutu. Kuti muchite izi, kumbani mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndikudzaza ndi mullein ndi kudzala zotsalira. Nkhondo zimakoka kutentha ndi chakudya. Amakhala m'nyumba zimenezi m'nyengo yozizira. Zojambula zamkati zimachotsedwa ndi kuwonongedwa.
Choncho, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa abwino ndi a asters ali ndi thanzi labwino, ayenera kusamalidwa kuti awateteze ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Musaiwale za njira zodzitetezera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupeĊµa kupasula ndalama pa mankhwala okwera mtengo ndi mankhwala.
