30 kg wa tomato ku chitsamba chimodzi: nthano kapena zenizeni? Zonse zokhudza njira yakukula tomato mu mbiya

Masiku ano, njira zatsopano zopangira ndiwo zamasamba zimayambira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mukolole chimanga chochepa kuchokera ku chigawo chochepa. Mwayi weniweni amaperekedwa pobzala tomato mu mbiya. Kuti izo zidzakhala ngati mabedi.

M'nkhani yomwe tifotokozera, tifotokoze za momwe njirayi ingakhalire, momwe mungamere tomato mu mbiya, pokonzekera mbiya ndi mbewu, za tomato zabwino zowonjezera mmera, zotsalira, kuthirira komanso zotsatira, komanso kusonyeza chithunzi.

Chofunika cha njirayo

Chofunika cha njirayi ndikumangirira mzuzi wamphamvu kwambiri wa zitsamba za phwetekere. Iyo imadzaza pafupifupi malo onse a mbiya, chifukwa pali zinthu zabwino kwambiri kumeneko. Pokhala ndi mizu yotere, tchire zimakula ndikukula bwino.

Chithunzi

Izi ndi momwe tomato wamkulu mumabiri amawoneka ngati.

Zabwino ndi zamwano

Kukula tomato mu mbiya kuli ndi ubwino wambiri:

• Ndi njira iyi, kuwonjezera pa kusunga malo, kuchepa kwachepera pa kuthirira.
• Mafupa ndi zitsamba zina sangathe kuzifikira.
• Popeza zitsamba za phwetekere sizikumana ndi nthaka, zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha tizirombo ndi matenda.
• Mitsuko ilibe pansi, choncho madzi owonjezera satha, ndipo mphutsi zimalowa pansi.
• Palibe chifukwa chokhalira wowonjezera kutentha, chifukwa ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu chomeracho chingaphimbidwe ndi zojambulazo.

Kukonzekera

Kukula tomato mu mbiya kumafuna zinthu zina zokonzekera:

Mphamvu

1. Pansi pa mbiya yosankhidwa imachotsedwa, ndipo mabowo 1 masentimita amapangidwa m'makoma, omwe ayenera kukhala pa gawo lililonse la 20 cm 20. Izi ndi zofunika kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wabwino mpaka mizu ya tchire.
2. Kwa mbiya muyenera kusankha malo omwe amasungunuka kwambiri ndi dzuŵa la dzuwa.
3. Pansi pansi m'pofunikira kutsanulira 10 sentimita imodzi yosakaniza - feteleza yapadera yokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa nthaka kukhala malo abwino bwino popanda feteleza opangira ndi mankhwala oopsa. Chifukwa chake, zokolola zidzakhala zapamwamba kwambiri.
4. Chotsatira chotsatira, komanso masentimita 10, chidzakhala chosakaniza chofanana:
   • kompositi;
   • nthaka;
   • dziko la sod.

Mbewu za phwetekere

Mbewu ziyenera kuyesedwa musanadzalemo. Ayenera kukhala:

• chogwirizana;
• lalikulu;
• mawonekedwe olondola.

Mbewu zabwino kwambiri mbeu za chaka chatha. Mbewu yokonzekera kufesa imaphatikizapo kutetezedwa kwa disinfection ndi kutuluka. Kujambula kwa mbande kumachitika muzitsulo zazikulu (momwe mungamere tomato popanda kunyamula, werengani apa). Izi zidzalola kuti mizu ikhale yabwino.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yakukula tomato mu mbiya ndiyo mitundu iwiriyi:

Chiphona cha pinki

Chitsamba cha phwetekere yamkatiyi chimakula mpaka 1.5 mamita ndi pamwamba. Zipatso zimaonekera ndi kulemera kwakukulu, yowutsa mudyo zamkati, zokoma zokoma.

Ilya Muromets

Ilya Muromets Mbalame Zakuda Zilonda zamtundu wa makilogalamu 300. Kukula kwa chitsamba kufika kwa mamita awiri.

De barao

Mitundu ya mliri De Barao nthawi zina imakula kufika mamita 3. Matimati ovundawa amabwera mosiyanasiyana:

• chikasu;
• chofiira;
• wakuda

Thandizo! Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatulutsa zokolola zake, ngakhale zikumera mochedwa.

Tarasenko

Zosakanizidwa tomato Tarasenko amasiyana kwambiri kukula. Zipatso zili ndi zofiira komanso zokoma. Kuchokera ku nthambi imodzi akhoza kuchotsedwa pafupifupi 3 makilogalamu a phwetekere. Mitengo imakula bwino dzuwa ndi mthunzi wa tsankho.

Chombo cha Mustang

Zosiyanasiyana za phwetekere Zofiira Mustang monga mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa. Kutalika kwa chipatso cha masentimita 10 mpaka masentimita 14. Ndikokwanira, kudzichepetsa pa chisamaliro.

Königsberg

Tomato wamtali Königsberg ndi abwino kwambiri kukula mu mbiya. Zipatso zofiira zimakhala ndi zandiweyani komanso zabwino kwambiri.

Budenovka

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana Budenovka imakula kukula kwake. Amamva bwino mu mbiya ndipo amapereka zokolola zabwino. Matendawa amakhala ndi khungu lochepa kwambiri. Zipatso pozisungira kwa nthawi yaitali zimasunga kukoma kwawo.

Mitundu yonseyi imasonyeza chisanu kukana ndi kudzichepetsa.

Kukonzekera kwa zina zonsezi

Kwa izo Kuti mupange mtengo wa phwetekere mu mbiya yayikulu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Urgas. Maphunziro ake akuchitika chaka chonse.

1. Chidebe chakale cha pulasitiki chimatengedwa, pansi pake pomwe kabati imayikidwa pamtunda wotsika.
2. Makoma a Chidebe ayenera kuikidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki ndi mabowo pansi.
3. Zitsamba zonse zakakhitchini zimayikidwa mmenemo.

Kutsika madzi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito monga fetereza kwa maluwa a mkati.

Tabu lililonse liyenera kupiritsidwa ndi kukonzekera "Baikal EM1", kumene kuli mabakiteriya, kuwaza ndi udzu wobiriwira, ndi kutsika ndi thumba lokulunga mu thumba. Chidebe chiyenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu.

Sourdough Urgasy yopangidwa kuchokera ku minced ndi zouma zowonongeka:

1. Pa makilogalamu 1 a nyamayi iyi muyenera kuwonjezera 5 tbsp. l "Baikal EM1", ndiye chisakanizo ichi chimayikidwa mu thumba, katundu amalembedwa pamwamba.
2. Pambuyo masiku asanu ndi awiri, perekani ndiwume. Izi zosakaniza zimathandiza tomato baka kukula mofulumira.

Kukonzekera kwa EM-kompositi kumasiyana ndi kawirikawiri pokhapokha kuti ili ndi zidutswa zosweka. The porosity ya misa imapezeka powonjezera 10 makilogalamu wa utuchi pa 100 makilogalamu a osakaniza. Zonsezi ziyenera kusakanikirana bwino ndikutsanulira njira iliyonse yokonzekera EM-1 kukonzekera (100 ml pa 10 l madzi) ndi 100 ml ya kupanikizana, komwe mulibe zipatso. Kompositi iyenera kukhala ndi chinyezi cha 60%. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito patatha masiku 60.

Tikufika

Mbatata mbande makamaka zimabzala pakati pa May.:

1. Pambuyo pake, mbiya 4-5 idabzalidwa mozama masentimita asanu.
2. Tiyenera kuchotsa timapepala tating'ono.
3. Usiku, mbiya ili ndi filimu yoteteza zomera kuti zizizira.
4. Pambuyo pakakula mpaka masentimita 10, nthaka imathiridwa pamwamba, momwe zakudya zilili. Njirayi ikuchitika mpaka mbiya yadzaza ndi dziko lapansi.

Zambiri za malamulo ndi zovuta za kubzala tomato, werengani pano.

Kusamalira ndi kuthirira

Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, tomato akukula mu mbiya safuna kumera. Ndizofunikira kuti zitsutsana kotero kuti zambiri zimapanga mawonekedwe. Kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuchokera 20 mpaka 30, aliwonse ndi 8-15 mavava. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa nthambi za m'munsi ndi nthambi, zomwe zimayamba kuyenda pansi, zimatseka mbiya. Pakatikati pa July chitsamba chidzasanduka mtengo weniweni wa phwetekere, choncho ndikofunika kukonza:

• thunthu;
• nthambi;
• mphukira zapamwamba.

Pamene mukukula tomato mu tchire ndizamphamvu. Amafuna madzi ambiri. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane dothi lonyowa mu mbiya. Iyenera kukhala 60-70%. Mutha kudziwonetsa motere: Pamene dothi lakhala likulimbidwa pang'ono, madzi ayenera kumasulidwa. Thirani tomato mu mbiya ndi zovuta, zowonjezera zidzatha, chifukwa palibe pansi.

Tomato pakati pa chilimwe amagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi zakudya zonse zomwe zinayikidwa mu mbiya ya nthaka. Kudyetsa mtengo wa phwetekere, mungagwiritse ntchito EM-komposer talker.

Kuphika izo muyenera:

1. Tengani chidebe chilichonse, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chofanana ndi nthaka yosakaniza kuchokera ku EM-kompositi ndi nthaka ya sod.
2. Kumwamba kutsanulira madzi kokha kuti alibe chlorine.
3. Onse achoka kwa tsiku.

Njirayi imalimbikitsidwa kuthirira chitsamba cha phwetekere 2-3 pa sabata.

Props

Kutambasula ulusi sunaphule, muyenera kukonza thandizo. Kuti muchite izi, pafupi ndi mbiya kumbali zonsezi, muyenera kukumba mumitengo yaitali kuti mumangirire mphukira. Mukhoza kutambasula waya pakati pawo ngati mawonekedwe a gridi kapena mwachindunji galasi ndi maselo akuluakulu, kenako nthambi zimagona pa izo.

Zotsatira

Kukula tomato mu mbiya kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi cha phwetekere akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka makilogalamu 30. Idzabala chipatso kufikira cha m'ma autumn; mukhoza kusunga chipatso chotsatira musanayambe maholide atsopano a Chaka Chatsopano. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mu September ndikofunikira kukulunga chitsamba ndi chophimba zinthu Zomangamanga No. 17, kuphimba ndi filimu pamwamba. Tomato amakula pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa, EM-kompositi, ali ndi kukoma kokoma komanso zopindulitsa.

Zolakwika Zachizolowezi

1. Chimodzi mwa zolakwika zomwe zimachititsa kuti munthu asapereke zokolola zochepa ndi kusankha kosayenera kwa tomato (mitundu iti ya tomato ndi yabwino kukula, werengani pano).
2. Komanso musagwiritsire ntchito feteleza kwambiri nthawi zambiri. Tomato amakonda kupaka pamwamba pamene zakudya zitatu zofunika kwambiri zimakhala bwino:
   • nitrogen;
   • phosphorus;
   • potaziyamu.

   Ngati nayitrojeni ili mu ndondomeko yapamwamba mu njira yothirira zakudya, izi zidzalimbikitsa kukula kwa zamasamba, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri zipatso. Manyowa watsopano ndi owonongera makamaka pankhaniyi.

3. Cholakwika ndi kusagwirizana ndi njira yothirira. Tomato amayamba kudwala kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kufooka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, chifukwa cha izi ndizomwe zimatsitsimula. Ngati chomeracho sichili madzi, sichidzatha kutenga kashiamu m'nthaka. Zotsatira zake, mawanga akuda kwambiri amapangidwa pamwamba pa phwetekere.

Njira yowonjezera tomato mu mbiya imatengedwa bwino Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa nthaka ndi madzi. Izi ndi chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa malo osachepera. Odziwa bwino wamaluwa amalangiza aliyense kuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono pa malo awo.