Olima amalima amatcha chipangizo chokongola ichi ndikuchikulitsa ndichisangalalo mumaluwa awo, koma asayansi amadziwa udzu ngati udzu, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi tirigu ndi nyengo yozizira. Nchifukwa chiyani chomeracho chikuyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro oterewa komanso chomwe chiri chenicheni - mafunso awa ndi ena adzawonekeratu.
Kukol kapena agrostemma: udzu kapena maluwa?
Ena amanena kuti cockle ndi chomera chofunika kwambiri komanso chotchuka kwambiri, ena amatsutsa kuti ndi udzu woopsa woti uwonongeke. Ndipotu, mawu onsewa adzakhala oona. Mu floriculture, kukongola kwa malo ndi floristics, cockle nthawi zambiri imatchedwa agrostemma ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera. Chomerachi n'chokongola, maluwa okongola, amawoneka bwino m'minda yamaluwa komanso yamaluwa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yamaluwa ovuta. Chomerachi chimalowanso kukula kwa kudula, chifukwa chimayima m'madzi kwa mlungu umodzi popanda zizindikiro zowononga ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa a maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Nthano, Baibulo ndi zikhulupiliro zakale, cockles sananyalanyazedwe. M'masiku akale, minda yomwe cockle inakulira idatchedwa damn niva, chifukwa idakhulupirira kuti Osadzinyesa adamufesa. Pali nthano, monga momwe Satana anapangira choledzeretsa choyamba kunja kwa tambala, anachitira Eva ndikumupatsa apulo monga chotupitsa.
Ndizomveka kunena kuti cockle ndi namsongole. Maganizowa akugawidwa ndi alimi, wamaluwa ndi mabotolo. Chidolecho sichidzichepetsa, choncho chimatha kutenga malo ambiri pamene mukukula mbewu. Zimatengera khama lalikulu kuti zithetse minda ndi tirigu wokolola kuchokera ku mbewu za cockle, zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Mudzidziwe nokha ndi namsongole wina: creeper, zokwawa za gorchak, zokwawa za buttercup, clumpy pueraria, udzu wouluka, udzu wa sedge, bluegrass pachaka, dandelion, siliva wamtundu wa Norvege, mchenga wamphepete, zophika zakutchire ndi kavalo.
Mafotokozedwe a botanical a mtundu
Agrostemma (Greek Agrostemma) ndi mankhwala ochokera pachaka kuchokera ku banja la ma Clove. Dzina la duwa limachokera ku mawu achigriki: "agro"ndi"stemmaChoncho, dzina loyambirira la cockle limamasuliridwa kuti "munda wamtunda" kapena "zokongoletsera masimu." Maina ena a chomera: thorium, voloshka, munda wamaluwa, mahatchi, udzu udzu.
Zimayambira ndi masamba
Zimayambira ndi masamba omwe amajambulidwa mumdima wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira, wokhala ndi phokoso lofewa. Masamba ndi oblong, lanceolate, otsala, masentimita 4 mpaka 15. Tsinde ndi lolunjika kapena lamtundu umodzi, kutalika kwake ndi 40-60 masentimita. 
Maluwa
Monga ndi membala aliyense wa banja, ma maluwa a agrostemma amadziwika ndi kukongola kwawo, kuwala, phokoso ndi chisomo. Kukula kuchokera 3 mpaka 5 masentimita awiri, calyx ya magawo asanu ndi magawo asanu. Kujambula zithunzi kungakhale kosiyana: mithunzi yonse ya lilac, komanso mithunzi yofiira ndi yoyera. Maluwa amapezeka mu June-August (nthawi zosiyanasiyana zimasiyana). Maluwa alibe zonunkhira.
Mukudziwa? Kutseka maluwa a chomera usiku mu botani amatchedwa nyktinastia. Pali mitundu yomwe kutsekedwa ndi kutsegula kwa inflorescences kumachitika molondola kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku, choncho, nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga maola oyambirira.
Mitundu ya cockle
Mtundu wa cockle si wolemera ndipo uli ndi mitundu yowerengeka yokha yolembedwera: ntchi wamba ndi yokongola.
Zachilendo
Mitundu yoyamba ya mbewu - chimanga chofala kapena chofesa (Agrostemma githago). Zomwe zimayambira pa cockle zimafika 50-100 masentimita mu msinkhu, nthambi kuchokera pakati pa tsinde lalikulu mu mphukira zingapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zomera zonse ziwoneke bwino kwambiri. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, osungulumwa, ola lilac ndi mitsinje. Nthawi yamaluwa imachokera mu June mpaka July. Pogwiritsa ntchito common cockle, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya agrostemma inalengedwa: "Milas", "Milas Seris", "Pearl Ocean". 
Wokoma mtima
Mtundu wachiwiri ndi chisoso chokomera (Agrostemma gracilis Boiss)dziko la Sicily. Chaka chilichonse sichiposa 50 cm mu msinkhu, zimayambira kwambiri, maluwawo amafika pamtunda wa masentimita atatu, amajambula pazithunzi zosiyanasiyana za pinki ndi zofiira, pakati pa maluwawo ali ndi mthunzi wowala. Nthawi ya maluwa ndi yaitali kuposa mitundu yapitayi, ndipo imatha nyengo yonse yozizira. 
Kufalitsa: komwe njuchi ikukula
Malo a cockle amakula m'madera ambiri: Mwachitsanzo, zomera zimapezeka ku Ulaya, kumpoto kwa Afrika, Central Asia (piedmont ndi mapiri). Kugawo la Russia, malowa amapezeka m'madera otere: Far East ndi Caucasus, kummawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Siberia.
Popeza zomera zimatengedwa ngati udzu m'chilengedwe, zimapezeka m'minda ndi mbewu, komabe, chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwa sayansi ya zaulimi za mbewu zomwe zalimidwa, ntchentche yatha mofulumira m'minda. Amamera m'misewu ndi misewu pamtunda wosagwedezeka, imatha kukhala m'minda ndi m'nkhalango. 
Udzu wouma: zowonongeka zomwe zachitika komanso njira zolimbana
Ndikofunika kudziŵa chifukwa chake tambala ndi owopsa komanso momwe tingagwirire ndi vutoli.
Kodi ndi udzu woopsa uti?
Chidole si chabe udzu wamsongo umene umaipitsa minda ya tirigu - chomerachi ndi choopsa kwambiri pogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu ndi zinyama. Nyongolotsi ya mbewu ya cockle imakhala ndi mankhwala oopsa omwe amatha pafupifupi 7 peresenti, yomwe imalowa m'katikati mwa m'mimba, imatulutsa mphamvu yoopsa ya poizoni monga poyendetsa. Choncho, ngati mbeu yamera imalowa mu tirigu wa tirigu, mbeuyo ikhoza kuwonongeka. 
Ndikofunikira! Zowopsya ndi zomwe zimapezeka mu mbeu ya cockle pokhapokha ndi 0,5% peresenti ya ufa kapena mkate. Awoneni mu ufa pogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza kwakukulu. Poonekera, mankhwalawa ali ndi mtundu wa bluish, amasiyana ndi uncharacteristic kwa mkwiyo wa tirigu wowawa ndi kuuma.
Njira zovuta
Pofuna kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa namsongole m'minda, ndikofunika kutsatira njirazi:
- Tsatirani malamulo oyendetsa mbewu.
- Kuweta bwino mbewu za tirigu kumapeto kwa nyengo. Ndi kofunika kuti udzu wachisanu ukhale wozizira mu autumn, makamaka m'madera akummwera, kumene, mwachibadwa, chomera chaka chilichonse chingapulumutse nyengo yozizira.
- Pambuyo kukolola, yeretsani bwino mbewu kuchokera ku mbewu za tchire pamakina opangira mbewu zapadera (Makina a Trier).
- Pambuyo poyeretsa njere, nkofunika kuwononga zowonongeka ndikuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kuti sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa ng'ombe.
Flower agrostemma: zikhalidwe ndi malamulo a kulima
Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa chiwembu chanu ndi maluwa okongola kapena kukulitsa mumphika, nkofunika kudziwa za malamulo ena olima. Kawirikawiri, agrostemma sichinthu chosiyana ndi chisamaliro chake, sichiteteza tizilombo ndi matenda, zimatha kupangira zovala zomwe sizidzakhudza maluwa ndi zomera. Agrostemma ndi yabwino kwa woyamba minda ndi florist.
Kumene angabzala agrostemma
Chodabwitsa kwambiri, chomeracho chimamveka kumadera otentha ndi kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa, amakonda kuwala kosavuta, ndipo amadziwika ndi kulekerera kwa chilala. Amapanga dothi lowala, labala kapena lachinyontho, koma pa nthaka yamvula komanso yamvula kwambiri. Ponena za pH ya nthaka, sayenera kulowerera ndale kapena ayi. Ngati maluwawo sali okwanira, zimakhala zofooka, zochepa. 
Momwe mungabzalitsire chaka ndi chaka
Agrostemma ikhoza kufalikira ndi mbewu, koma izi sizili zovuta. Pansi pa chilengedwe, mbewu zimatha kusunga katundu wawo ndipo zimakhala zofunikira kukula kwa zaka 10, koma pogula mbeu, ndi bwino kupereka gawo la chaka chatha kapena kusonkhanitsa mbewu zokha. Nthaŵi yofikayo ili m'miyezi yamasika (April, May), pamene nthaka imatha kufika 10-15 ° С. Chomera chingakhalenso kugwa.
Werengani za zomera zapachaka monga udzu (sicenus), chipululu cha Turkestan (alissum), bidens, echinocystis, iberis brachikoma, lobularia, nigella damask, Drummond phlox, argiranthemum ndi pentas.Ngati malo am'deralo ndi olemetsa kwambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito nthaka yomwe idagulidwa ndi mchenga mumtsinje wa 1: 1. Ndikofunika kupanga mabowo, kuyala mbeu 3-4 pamtunda wa masentimita 6, kuyendetsa mtunda pakati pa mabowo mpaka 20-30 masentimita. Ngati kutentha kwa nthaka ndi mpweya uli wokwanira, mphukira yoyamba idzaonekera mofulumira - mkati mwa masabata awiri. Kenaka ziphuphu zimafunika kuti zikhale zochepa, mwinamwake mitengo idzakhala yochepa kwambiri, yofooka, pangakhale mavuto ndi maluwa.
Chisamaliro choyenera
Agrostemma silingagwirizane ndi usiku kozizira, kuuma, mphepo, zojambula. Kuthirira kumakhala kofunikira kokha nthawi ya kutentha kwa chilimwe, nthawi yonse yomwe zomera sizifuna chinyezi, komanso kuvala. Chinthu chokha chimene mungachifune ndi chithandizo chokhala ngati mphete yazomera zapamwamba. Mankhwalawa amafunikanso pamene chomera chomera chimayambira pansi pa kulemera kwa maluwa aakulu.
Zothandiza za cockle ndi ntchito yawo
Ngakhale kuti cockle amaonedwa ngati tizilombo m'minda, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma mankhwala ochiritsira komanso ndi othandiza mankhwala osakaniza ndi matenda ambiri. Grass agrostemmy ili ndi zotsatirazi:
- procytocytic;
- antimicrobial;
- mapiritsi ogona.
Kukonzekera kwa mbeu kumakhala ndi zotsatira izi:
- osakhulupirira:
- chithandizo;
- hemostatic;
- diuretic.
Monga cockle, amakhalanso ndi makhalidwe a diuretic: chervil, mordovnik, safflower, juniper, turmeric, lavender, mapulo, red clover, katsitsumzukwa ndi Siberia Siberia (Altai Vodyanica).
Agrostemma imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera mankhwala ozizira, matenda a pamtunda wakupuma, colic, kutuluka m'magazi osiyanasiyana, zotupa, matenda ogona, Dzino likundiwawa. Mu mawonekedwe a nkhumba ndi compresses, chomeracho chimakhala chothandiza kwa furunculosis, dermatosis ndi mafinya.
Ndikofunikira! Kumbukirani kuti chomerachi ndi chakupha, choncho kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso osasamala kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Zina mwa zizindikilo za poizoni ndizo kuphwanya malamulo a m'mitsempha ndi pakati. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ndalama kuyenera kuchitika motsogoleredwa ndi dokotala!
| Kusokonezeka | Zosakaniza | Njira yokonzekera ndi ntchito |
| Kusagona |
| Zipangizo zopangira madzi otentha ndikuumiriza maola awiri, ataphimba ndi bulangeti, zovuta. Pa nthawi yogona, tengani 1/4 chikho. |
| Zikodzo, matenda a khungu |
| Sakanizani, gwirani masiku atatu pamtunda wotsika. Ikani kunja kumadera omwe akukhudzidwa. |
| Helminthic nkhondo |
| Amatanthawuza kupirira masabata awiri, mavuto. Tengani 2 tbsp. l musanagone. |
| Kukuda ndi kuzizira, kutuluka magazi |
| Thirani zopangira ndikugwiritsira ntchito ola limodzi, mavuto. Masana, tengani katatu 1 tbsp. l |
Pofuna kuchiza chifuwa, amagwiritsanso ntchito zomera zotere: nyerere, ivy, mankhwala, nyvyanik, chitsamba chowawa, rutabaga, horseradish, saxifrage, cantaloupe ndi mazira a chitumbuwa.
Zina mwa zotsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa maziko a agrostemmy:
- nthawi ya mimba ndi HB;
- ali ndi zaka 18;
- zovuta;
- Matenda aliwonse oopsa omwe ali m'kati mwake.
Kuwonjezera pa cockle, amagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala: Zakudya comfrey (zhivokost), horsetail (soseji), anise lofant, katsitsumzukwa, verbena, mordovnik, parsnip, peony, vwende, mthethe uchi ndi feijoa.Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mosamala komanso malinga ndi zomwe adokotala adalemba, mutha kuchira mwamsanga. Kuonjezera apo, chomera ndicho chokongola kwambiri cha munda kapena mabedi a maluwa, chikhoza kukula mosavuta mu mphika pawindo. Komabe, pakukhazikika m'minda, nthaka imatha kuchoka ku maluwa okongola kwambiri, maluwa osakhwima kwa udzu woopsa. Tikukhulupirira, tsopano mukumvetsetsa chikhalidwe chachiwiri cha chomera ichi.
