Kulima mitengo ndi horticulture zimatha kusamalidwa mosavuta pa nthaka zakuda zakuda, ndipo perlite imathandiza anthu omwe ali osawuka, makamaka malo osayenera. Ndizimene zimathandiza kuti zakudya zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera zikhale zowonjezereka mu dothi komanso pansi pa nthaka. Zomwe zimayambira, zimasiyana kwambiri ndi mankhwala komanso zimakhala zofewa. Tidzatha kumvetsetsa bwino zinthu za agroperlite, chomwe chiri ndi chifukwa chake pakufunika.
Ichi ndi chiani?
Dzina la mankhwalawa akuchokera ku mawu achi French akuti "pele", lomwe limamasuliridwa kutanthauza "ngale". Kunja, khungu lamakono la pearlite limafanana ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, koma ichi ndi choyamba choyamba. 
Ndipotu agroperlite ndi magalasi a magalasi a mapirizomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zosiyana ndi zipangizo zina kuti ziwonjezeke ndi chinthu cha makumi awiri. Izi zimatheka pokhapokha ngati zikutentha thupi. Pamene kutentha kumadutsa 850 ° C, makandulo a magalasi amayamba kufanikira ngati mapulogalamu.
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kupanga nthaka yachonde, idzatenga zaka zana - motero, zidzatenga zaka zikwi zingapo kuti zikhale zochepera kukula kwa bayonet.
Akatswiri akufotokoza momwe izi zimakhalira ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi omwe ali mumwala, omwe amadzaza 4-6 peresenti. Pamene madzi akuyamba kusuntha, mamiliyoni ambiri akugwiritsidwa ntchito akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu galasi, yomwe imatuluka pamene chinthu chimachepetsa. Pachifukwa ichi, asayansi amatcha perlite mtundu wapadera wa galasi lachirengedwe ndikuwuyika ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mu agronomy, ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la nthaka zosakaniza kwa munda ndi floriculture. Zimapangitsa kuti khalidwe likhale labwino, limapangitsa kuti likhale lowala komanso lomasuka, limalimbikitsa kusinthanitsa mpweya ndi chinyezi. 
Dothi la Perlite kwa nthawi yayitali silingagwirizane ndi kusungirako kayendedwe ka madzi.
Mukudziwa? Nkhondo zam'madzi padziko lapansi pa hekita imodzi ya munda zimapangidwa ndi 130 anthu olemera makilogalamu 400. M'chaka amakonza matani 30 a nthaka.
Pofuna kubzala mbeu, puloteni yokwanira ikugwiritsidwa ntchito: ndi chiyani, tatchulidwa kale. Thupi ndi mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera pakameta komanso kutentha kwa thanthwe lachilengedwe.
Kupanga
Ziwalo za Perlite ndizo zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu:
- silicon dioxide (ndiyo maziko a mankhwalawa ndi pakati pa 65 ndi 76%);
- potaziyamu oksidi (5%);
- sodiumdididedi (pafupifupi 4%);
- aluminium oxide (mpaka 16%);
- magnesiamu oksidi (mpaka 1%);
- calcium oksidi (2%);
- iron oxide (3%);
- madzi (mpaka 6%).
Muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono, zigawo zina zimakhalapo zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa thanthwe. Nthaŵi zina, zimakhudza ndi zakuda, zofiirira, zofiira magazi komanso ngakhale zingwe zobiriwira.
Malingana ndi zosafunika zina zochokera emit mitundu ya pearlite:
- spherulite (pamene feldspar ikupezeka mu malemba);
- obsidian (ndi zosalala zamoto zaphalaphala);
- phula lamwala (pamene mawonekedwewa ali osiyana);
- ubweya wa magalasi.
Ndikofunikira! Kotero kuti dziko lapansi mu miphika ya maluwa silimveka bwino ndipo mizu siuma, mudzaze chidebecho ndi agroperlite pamwamba. Thupilo lidzawonetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa, kuwatsogolera ku mbali yina ya masamba, ndipo salola kuti madzi asatuluke.
Zizindikiro za agroperlite
Agroperlite ali ndi kutentha kwapadera, zomveka zowonongeka ndi zowala zowonetsera; chifukwa chake, ntchito yake yofala m'magulu ambiri a ntchito za anthu ndizolondola.
Thupi lili ndi mphamvu zamoyo, sizimafa ndipo sizimawonongeke. Komanso, sichikoka makoswe ndi tizilombo, si chakudya cha iwo. Sichichita ndi mankhwala ena ochokera ku chilengedwe.
Perlite amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima tarragon, eustoma, Venus flytrap, adenium, basamu, plumeria, epification, orchids, Brugmancia, scinapsus, surfini, makamu, chrysanthemums, carnations.
Akatswiri amatsindika kufooka kwa chilengedwe ndi chilengedwe chake. Komanso, pakati pa zigawo za perlite sichidziwika kuti ali ndi poizoni ndi zitsulo zolemera.
Pazochitika zonse za agromaterial, izo zimayamikiridwa makamaka. luso loyamwa chinyontho. Akatswiri amanena kuti mawonekedwewo amatha kutulutsa madzi mpaka 400 peresenti ya misa. Kubwerera kwa madzi kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. 
Panthawiyi, mizu imatetezedwa ku kutenthedwa ndi kuyamwa mowa, chifukwa chitonthozo chawo chimatentha kutentha. Nthakayi ndi yopepuka komanso yosasunthika, iyo siidzakhala yokutidwa ndi kuuma kouma.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi agroperlite onetsetsani kuteteza maso ndi pakamwa, popeza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tingathe kudutsa mkati mwazitha.
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala
Zowonjezera perlite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa, kukongoletsa, munda ndi masamba. Ganizirani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito agroperlite ndi zomera komanso zamaluwa.
Mu m'nyumba floriculture
Kumera kwa mbewu ndi cuttings nthawi zambiri kumathera ndi kuvunda kwawo. Mungapewe mphindi yovuta imeneyi, kuchotsa madzi ndi zotayirira mankhwala. Kumwa chinyezi, sikulola mbewu kuuma, ndipo posachedwa ziphuphu ziyembekezeka. Kuonjezerapo, odziwa bwino amalimidwe amasankha chigawo cha kukula kwa mbande za maluwa ndi masamba. M'madera otere, amamera sangavutike kwambiri ndi matenda a blackleg ndi mabakiteriya ena.
Chosowa chokha cha teknolojia iyi ndi kusowa kwa zakudya. Chifukwa chake, kwa mbande za thanzi, nthawi zonse kuyamwa ndi njira yothetsera mchere wambiri feteleza ndi biologics zidzafunika. Izi ndi zofunika kuti apange ma microflora abwino.
Ndikofunikira! Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti musamadzipangitse mchere ndi ma kashiamu. Amalimbikitsa kugwirizana kwa chilengedwe cha acidic.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito agroperlite komanso nthawi mbewu yobereketsa. Makhiristowa akuphatikizidwa ndi mbewu za kufalitsa kwa yunifolomu mu gawo lapansi. Ndipo kuti "bedi" lisagonjetse nkhungu, mbewuzo zimadzazidwa ndi thanthwe la chiphalaphala. Njira iyi imavomerezedwa ngakhale kwa mbewu zowonongeka, chifukwa pang'ono ya ultraviolet imasowabe. 
Zina mwa zosakaniza za kusakaniza kwa nthaka chifukwa chodzala maluwa amkati, izi ndizoyeneranso. Nthaŵi zina, nthaka ikatha kwambiri, ndipo chomeracho chimakhala chopanda nzeru, makandulo amatha kukhala osakaniza 40%. Zimaphatikizidwanso panthawi ya kulima kwa hydroponic, zomwe zimakhala muzitsulo pawindo kuti zikhale ndi malo ozizira.
Phunzirani za ubwino ndi kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito hydrogel.
Amayi ambiri amalangiza agroperlite monga njira yabwino yosunga rhizomes, mababu ndi maluwa a tubers. Pachifukwachi, zinthu zofukulazi zimayikidwa pamagawo, kupeŵa kugwirizana, ndi kuwaza ndi thanthwe.
Njirayi ndi yothandiza chifukwa imaletsa kuwonongeka, kumera komanso zotsatira za madzi ndi kutentha.
Ndikofunikira! Perlite safunikira kumizidwa m'madzi, chifukwa sungakhoze kuyamwa madzi onse ndipo sakuyandama. Ngati ndi kotheka, tsutsani makina, kupopera kapena kuchita ndi sieve.
Kulima
Popeza ulimi wamaluwa uli pafupi kwambiri ndi kulima maluwa, ntchito ya perlite imakhala yowerengeka. Mankhwalawa adzikhazikitsira okha ngati ngalande yabwino ndi mulch, komanso gawo la zosakaniza za nthaka.
Izi ndizowona makamaka pa mbewu zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri ku malo okwezeka a malowa. Makhiristo musalole salinization ya dziko lapansi, ndipo pakagwa mvula yamkuntho kapena madzi osakwanira, amasintha mofulumira vuto la madzi ochepa, kukula kwa namsongole ndi nthiti. 
Agronomists amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito perlite novice wamaluwa. Izi zimachitika osati ku zolakwika zomwe zingatheke mu chithunzi cha chinyezi. Zinthuzi zimatha kutenga feteleza wochulukirapo komanso nthawi, pamene mlingowo umatengedwa ndi mizu, kuti ukhale woyenera muzitsamba zochepa.
Kuwonjezera pa perlite - yabwino malo wintering mizu achinyamata mbande. Mbeu zake zidzagwa pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. Olima amaluwa amagwiritsanso ntchito pellets kusunga zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba komanso mizu ya tubers. Nthawi zina, amawagwirizanitsa ndi fungicides.
Ndikofunikira! Perlite shelf moyo ulibe malire.
Kuipa kwa ntchito
Ngakhale pali zambiri zabwino za agroperlite, zimatchulidwa mu ndemanga kupanda ungwiro:
- Mukamagwira ntchito ndi mchenga wabwino kwambiri wa phulusa pali fumbi lambiri, lomwe limakhudza kwambiri mapulaneti ndi mapapo a anthu. Pofuna kupeŵa mavuto, akatswiri amalangiza kuti azisamalira okha chitetezo chawo komanso asamadziwetse.
- Makandulo a Perlite ali ndi mtengo wapatali, kotero kuwagwiritsa ntchito pamabuku akuluakulu a munda ndi okwera mtengo.
- N'zovuta kugula agroperlite chifukwa ndi chinthu chosowa kwambiri.
- Mchengawo uli ndi magetsi abwino, chifukwa sichikhala ndi zida zofanana - zomwe sizikutenga gawo lililonse mu zakudya za zomera.
- Kusalowerera pH kwa makina a pearlite kuphatikizapo madzi owuma amachotsedwa ku mbali yamchere. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa chikhalidwe kumayimitsidwa, ndipo zakudya zimatsekedwa mizu yake.
- Mtundu woyera wa mankhwalawo nthawi zambiri salola nthawi kudziwa tizirombo toyambitsa dothi, monga mealy ndi mizu ya mphutsi, udzudzu wa udzudzu, ndi zina zotero.
Mukudziwa? Mu supuni ya tiyi ya padziko lapansi imakhala ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana monga pali anthu padziko lapansi.
Mchenga wa pearlite wochulukirapo ndi wofunika kwambiri kuti ukhale wokolola, chifukwa umathandiza kwambiri njira zamakono ndi mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mchenga wa mtsinje, vermiculite, sphagnum moss, peat ndi nthaka yobiriwira.
Popanda thanthwe lamapiri laphulika, limalowetsedwa ndi zofanana ndi zofanana: dothi, njerwa ndi thovu, vermiculite. Zoonadi, zinthu zolembedwa sizikhala ndi ntchito zonse za agroperlite, koma m'malo mwake muzisintha.
