Lero, palibe apulo angakhoze kuchita popanda maapulo. Chikhalidwe ichi chimadziwika kwa ife, chofotokozedwa mwambo, nthano, epic ndi nyimbo. Maapulo m'mbali mwathu ndi otchuka ndipo amafunidwa, amawakonda mwatsopano, komanso m'makonzedwe osiyanasiyana kapena zamakina osiyanasiyana.
Mbiri ya kuswana apulo mitundu "Loto"
M'madera athu, ozizira ndipo nthawi zina nyengo yozizira ndi yachilendo, chifukwa cha omwe alimi amalima zipatso nthawi zonse, akubweretsa mitundu yowonjezereka yotsutsana ndi nyengo ya dera lathu.
Maluwa osiyanasiyana a chilimwe "Mechta" adatengedwa chifukwa cha ntchito ya obzala mbewu ku Michurin Research Gardening Institute. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imapezeka popyola mitundu iwiri yotchuka - "Papirovka" ndi "Pepin Safironi."
"Maloto" adatenga makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a "makolo" ndipo lero ndi imodzi mwa munda wabwino kwambiri wa maapulo.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana "Maloto"
Mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya apulo "Loto" - losazizira, losawopsyeza kusintha kwa kutentha, ndipo ndilongosoledwa mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatchulidwa, ndipo imakhala yotsutsana ndi matenda.
Kulongosola kwa mtengo
Thunthu la mtengo wa apulo ndi lolimba ndi lolunjika ndi korona wa nthambi ya mawonekedwe ozungulira. Amakula mofulumira ndipo sakhala ndi mawonekedwe, choncho amafunika kudulira nthawi zonse, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuphulika kwake.
Mtundu wa makungwawo ndi wofiirira, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mthunzi wobiriwira wobiriwira. Apple "Dream" ndi chomera chochepa - kutalika kwake kwa mtengo kufika mamita awiri ndi theka. Mutabzala pazitsamba za mtundu wamtengo wapatali, mitengoyo imayamba kubereka zipatso m'chaka chachiwiri.
Zosangalatsa Chiyambi cha mawu a Chingerezi akuti "apulo", omwe amatanthauza "apulo", amadziwika ndi dzina lakuti Apollo. Mulungu wakale wa Chigriki anabweretsa maapulo ku mphatso, ndipo mtengo womwewo unkatengedwa kuti ndi chopatulika cha Mulungu.
Kufotokozera Zipatso
Zipatso za mtengo wa apulo zimalongosola ndizozungulira, ndipo zimakhala zobiriwira-zobiriwira, ngakhale ziphuphu za pinki zikuwonekera pamene chipatso chimabala. Maapulo ambiri "Loto" amayambira 100 mpaka 200 magalamu. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, yotsekemera komanso yosasunthika, ili ndi chimbudzi chofiira.
Kununkhira sikuli kotchulidwa, koma kukoma ndikumwamba: pa mlingo wokhala ndi mfundo zisanu, zokometsera zonunkhira zokometsetsa zimayembekezeredwa pa mfundo 4.5. Maapulo ndi othandizira monga zakudya zamakono - zokhudzana ndi caloriki ndi 40 k / cal pa 100 magalamu a mankhwala. Mu ma apulo "Loto" - 9.8 magalamu a chakudya, 0,4 magalamu a mapuloteni, 86.3 magalamu a madzi, 9 magalamu a shuga.
Mukudziwa? United States ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu kwambiri wa maapulo pambuyo pa China. Mpaka mitundu iwiri ndi theka zikwi za zipatso imakula m'dzikoli. Mtundu wa Apple ndi chizindikiro chovomerezeka cha boma la Michigan, ndipo zipatso zoyambirira za dzuwa zomwe zinkachokera ku America zinali Newton Pippin.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mitundu ya apulo "Maloto"
Zopindulitsa zosatheka kuziphatikizapo zabwino yozizira hardiness mitundu ya apulo "Loto". Kuwonjezera apo, ziyenera kuzindikiridwa mtundu wokongola wa zipatso ndi mapamwamba awo. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala wabwino chitetezo cha matenda a fungal matendakomanso osagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kusamalira mtengo wa apulo sikumagwirizanitsa ndi njira zovuta kapena kuwonjezeka kwa chomera. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yodziwika bwino, ndipo zokolola za mtengo wa mapuloti ndizofunika kwambiri kwa wamaluwa: kuchokera ku mtengo wamkulu, mutha kusonkhanitsa zipatso za 100 mpaka 150 kg.
Zovuta zazikulu za mitunduyi zimatchulidwa kusungirako kochepa kwa zokolola, fruiting frequency chifukwa cha nyengo (chilala kapena kuzizira kwambiri), chipatso chosweka, kusagwirizana ndi mankhwala a clone rootstocks.
Malangizo oyenera kubzala kwa apulo mbande "Maloto"
Ku mitengo ya apulo ya chilimwe, loam kapena mchenga loam dothi ndi bwino, ndipo ngati dothi lakuda, acidity yake iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi pH mtengo wa 5.6-6.0, ndipo nthaka iyenera kumasuka.
Kumene kuli bwino kubzala mtengo wa apulo
Kwa "Loto" likuyenera malo owala. Madzi a pansi pa nthaka sayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, chifukwa chinyezi chimangowonjezera mizu ya apulo. Sikulakwitsanso kudzala mtengo m'madera otsika kumene madzi a meltham amasonkhanitsa.
Njira zokonzekera musanafike
Mlungu umodzi musanadzale Mtengo Wotota, wamaluwa amakonza dzenje. Pansi pa dzenje liyenera kumasulidwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi mazira a eggshell ndi humus, mineral feteleza (superphosphate, nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu), nthaka yowonjezera.
Kulima mbande za mbande zazing'ono
Chombo chodzala chiyenera kukhala 1x1 mamita mu kukula, ndipo mtunda pakati pa mbande pawokha ukhoza kufika mamita anayi. Musanadzalemo, pansi pa dzenje ndibwino kuti muzitsuka, kenako mbeuyo imayikidwa kuti mizu ikhale ya masentimita asanu pamwamba pa nthaka. Pambuyo pa mizuyi, iwo ali ndi dziko lapansi.
Ndikofunikira! Mutabzala, mmera umalimbikitsidwa kuti umangirire ku chithandizo ndi madzi, koma osati ochulukirapo.
Malangizo osamalira apulo osiyanasiyana "Loto"
Apple "Maloto" ayenera kukula pafupi ndi mitengo yambiri ya apulo yomwe ikhoza kukhala ngati mitengo ya mungu.
Kupewa ndi chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo
Mtengo wa Apple "Dream" ndipo mukubzala ndi kusamalira ndikutaya. Zakhala bwino kuti ziziteteze ku matenda, kuti chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda chikhale chowopsa. Musanayambe masamba, kokwanira kufota nthaka ndi fungicides ndi kubwereza ndondomeko mutatha kukolola.
Kuthirira, kuyanika ndi kumasula nthaka
Manyowa ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa panthawi yopanga chipatso, chifukwa kusowa kwa chinyezi kumachepetsa zokololazo komanso kumakhudza kukula ndi kukoma kwa chipatso.
Mtengo wa apulo umathiriridwa kamodzi pa mwezi, kubweretsa chidebe cha madzi pansi pa mtengo uliwonse.
Kupeta mpheta zazomera kuzungulira mtengo ndi kofunikanso, popeza namsongole omwe amakulira pamodzi amatenga zakudya kuchokera ku mtengo wa apulo. Musaiwale za kumasula nthaka, yomwe idzakupatsani mpweya ku mizu.
Feteleza
Kwa kukula ndi kukula kwa mitengo ya apulo m'chaka choyamba cha moyo, imayenera feteleza osakaniza. M'chaka, mizu yophimba imayendetsedwa ndi urea kapena nitroamophos. Feteleza ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'nyengo yozizira, koma yokha yomwe ilibe nayitrogeni.
Kuthamanga kwa nthaka
M'zaka zoyambirira za moyo wa mtengo, nthaka yozungulira thunthu iyenera kukhala mulch ndi manyowazomwe zidzapulumutse mizu yaing'ono yozizira kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Ma apulo odulira
Kudulira moyenerera kwa mtengo wa apulo kumapereka mpata wokhazikitsa nthambi zamphamvu, komanso salola kuti kuphulika kwa korona, komwe kungapangitse mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kudulira koyamba kumapangidwa ndi mitengo yazaka chimodzi, kuchepetsa mphukira ndi gawo lachitatu la kutalika kwake. Ndondomeko ya kudulira ikuchitika kumapeto kwa impso kusapsa. Ndikofunika kuti tipewe korona pachaka, kuchotsa mphukira kukula m'mimba ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa nthambi zowonjezereka. Komanso kuchotsedwa nthambi zofooka ndi zoonongeka.
Ndikofunikira! Musamangotchera nthambi ya zipatso. Koma ngati mutadula nthambi zonse, ndiye kuti muzidula pansi pa thunthu, osasiya mphuno.
Terms of yakucha ndi kusungiramo maapulo a zosiyanasiyana "Loto"
Zipatso zipsa mu August, koma maloto a apulo osungirako sizitali. Zipatso zingathe kuimirira mpaka mwezi wa October, ndipo m'chipinda chomwe masamba amasiyira kusungirako sayenera kukhala amchere komanso ozizira. Ngakhale kutsika kochepa, khungu limatha kukwinya ndi kutaya maonekedwe ake.
Chifukwa cha kukoma kokoma ndi kowawasa, kugwiritsa ntchito maapulo kwatchuka kwambiri. Ndizofunikira kukonzekera nyengo yozizira: kupanikizana, kupanikizana, jams, syrups, compotes ndi juices. Komanso kuchokera ku zipatso zimapanga zokometsera kuphika zokoma: mikate, pies, charlottes, strudels.
Asidi a maapulo amachititsa kuti aziphika mchere wotsika kwambiri - nsomba zam'madzi, mousses ndi jellies, marmalades ndi marshmallows zimakhala zokoma kwambiri. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mukhoza kusunga madzi, omwe angakhale amtengo wapatali a mavitamini.
Maapulo okhala ndi mchere ndi othandiza komanso okoma, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu sauerkraut kapena kuwonjezera pa saladi yachisanu, pangani mafuta osungunuka.
Nkhaniyi ili ndi zothandiza zonse zokhudza maapulo osiyanasiyana "Loto", lomwe lingakhale lothandiza kwa iwe kulima zipatso zabwino kwambiri.
