Phlox - chokongoletsa chenicheni cha munda uliwonse. Mafuta a phokoso, maonekedwe owala a mitundu yosiyana adzakondwera nawo eni ake m'nyengo yozizira. Maluwa awa safuna chisamaliro chapadera mpaka atadwala. Mwamwayi, phloxes akudwala, monga anthu. Ndipo nthawi zonse sizitha kuchiritsidwa (makamaka ngati zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda sizikudziwika nthawi).
Matenda a Phlox angayambidwe ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana - njira zosayenera za ulimi, matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo kapena fungaleni, tizirombo ta m'munda. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, muyenera kudziwa:
- zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro za matenda;
- Kodi matenda ndi momwe mungawachitire;
- zomwe ziyenera kupewa.
Matenda a matenda a phlox, momwe angawachotsere
Kulephera kwa agrotechnics pa kulima phlox (nthaka re-acidification, thickening wa kubzala, kusowa kwa chinyezi) mosavuta kumatsogolera kuthupi kuwonongeka kwa munda mbewu.
Mukudziwa? Phloxes amachokera ku North America. Pali mitundu yoposa 50 ya osatha phlox padziko lapansi, ndipo imodzi yokha - Phlox drummondii - chaka chimodzi. Maluwawo anawatcha mu 1737: mtundu wofiira wa phloxes wamtchire unachititsa kuti Carl Linna adziwe duwa "lamoto". Nthano yomwe imayenda pa intaneti za Odyssey, kupita kudziko la Hade ndi miyuniyo imene Argonauts, yomwe inapanga phloxes, ndi yabodza. Azungu anadziŵa bwino phlox maluwa m'zaka za zana la 17 okha, ndipo adalowa mu Dziko Lakale m'zaka za zana la 18.
Kuyanika ndi tsamba kugwa
Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe masamba a phlox akutembenukira chikasu ndikufa, - kusowa kwa madzi. Mbewu zoperewera madzi zimayamba kuchepetsa chivundikiro cha tsamba. Izi zimachitika mpaka kubwezeretsedwa kwa madzi, kapena mpaka imfa ya maluwawo.
Thandizo lofunikira ndi kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu. Ngati maluwawo posachedwa afalikira, m'pofunika kuti mumthunzi.
Kuperekera kumayambira
Panthawi ya kukula kwakukulu kwa phlox (May-June), mapangidwe a kutalika kwa tsinde ndi kotheka.
Vutoli pang'onopang'ono limaphimbidwa ndi chotupa ngati mawonekedwe (callus), tsinde limakhala lolimba, limatayika kwambiri (kupweteka kwa inflorescence ndi mphepo kungayambitse tsinde).
Zina mwa zomwe zimayambitsa kusokoneza - mkulu wa nayitrogeni wochuluka m'nthaka, kwambiri acidity.
Ndikofunikira! Malingaliro akuti madzi ozizira mu nyengo yotentha angayambitse kugwa kwa tsinde la phlox ndilolakwika. Kafukufuku wamakono sanatsimikizire izi.
Matenda opatsirana a phlox, mankhwala awo
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimachititsa kuti phloxes ziwonongeke ndi matenda a tizilombo. Mavairasi amachititsa kusintha maonekedwe a maluwa - kukula kwake kumachepa, kusintha kwasokonekera kumaoneka: mawonekedwe a masamba ndi maluwa amasintha. Mu matenda opatsirana, palibe chithandizo chotere: zomera zowononga zimawononga.
Palibe mavairasi apadera omwe ali ndi phloxes okha: ali ndi kachilombo komweko komwe kumayambitsa fodya, mbatata, tomato, ndi zina zotero.
Mavairasi amatha kupititsidwa ku phlox m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Kupyolera mu zipangizo zamaluwa (mafosholo, choppers, pruners);
- kupyolera mu molehills;
- kupyolera mu zotsalira za zomera zowononga;
- kupyolera mu tizirombo;
- kudzera mu cuttings ndi mbewu.
Masamba a makwinya (makwinya)
Chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa kwa kachilombo (nkhaka zojambula, fodya necrosis), zomera zimasinthidwa:
- Masamba ali ndi nkhanambo, mawanga osakanikirana, ophwanyidwa komanso otupa, nthawi zambiri chimadzulo chakuda, mtundu wa chikasu chimapezeka pamphepete mwa tsamba;
- tsinde ndi lopunduka, lodzazidwa ndi nkhanambo, kuwonjezeka kwake kumawonjezeka, nthawi zambiri kumatenga mawonekedwe achimake;
- Mitengo yamakono ndi yosalala, maluwa sizimachitika, zomera zimatha kufa.
Mawanga a leaf
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo koyambitsa tomato. Matendawa amapezeka kudzera mumatodes (Longidorus) mu May ndi June.
Choyamba, pali mawanga achikasu pamasamba mwa mawonekedwe a mphete. Pang'onopang'ono, mawangawo amakhala aakulu, amaphimba pamwamba pa phlox, masamba amayamba kufooka, kenako kupiringa.
Phlox imatha kuphuka, chomera chimayamba kuuma.
Necrotic leaf spotting
Zimayambitsa matenda a kakompyuta. Matendawa amayamba ndi maonekedwe a masamba ochepa (1 mm) ofiira.
Mawanga amakula, akuphatikizana ndikuphimba malo onse a pepala.
Mafilimu a leaf
Kunyada mu phloxes kumayambidwa ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi nematodes (Ditylenchus dipsaci), kapena ndi matenda omwe ali ndi kachilombo (nkhaka zithunzi).
Masamba a mutate - amaphuka ndi mano pamphepete.
Odwala phloxes amakula bwino, kusintha kwa habitus - kulibe maluwa, mphukira yotulutsidwa ndi yosalala ndi yaying'ono, yochepa ya chitsamba ikuwonekera. Matendawa amatha ndi imfa ya chomera.
Kalulu
Matendawa amadziwika mu May-June. Pa masamba pali mawanga mwa mawonekedwe a mphete ndi mphete zatheka, mikwingwirima. Mtundu wawo umachokera ku chikasu chobiriwira mpaka chikasu. Mawanga amakula kukula ndi kuchuluka. Flower kukula imaletsedwa.
Tizilombo toyambitsa fodya timayambitsa matenda a fodya. Amasamutsidwa kuchoka ku nthaka ndi nematodes. Nthawi zina phlox ikhoza kukhala yonyamulira ya matendawa.
Mukudziwa? Liwu lakuti "HIV" limatanthauza "poizoni" (kumasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini). Kwa nthawi yoyamba, kachilombo ka fodya ("kachilombo ka HIV") kanapezedwa mu 1931 ku Germany. Zizindikiro za kachilomboka zimawoneka ngati ndudu yayitali komanso yayitali. Malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi nthaka. Otsatira aakulu ndi nematodes (Trichodorus ndi Paratrichdorus).
Kusiyana
Kusiyanitsa kwa phlox ndi matenda omwe pamakhala kutsutsana kwakukulu pakati pa wamaluwa. Matendawa amawoneka makamaka pa maluwa.
Vuto la rezu mosaic limapangitsa kuti mapangidwe a antocin asinthe. Zotsatira zake, zimapezeka mikwingwirima ndi mthunzi wa lilac pamimba (mikwingwirima ikufika kumapeto kwa iwo). Pa maluwa onse a maluwa ndi osagwirizana, osakwanira.
Pofuna kupewa mvula yamaluwa yomwe yatsegulidwa, m'pofunikira kubudula maluwa a duwa losasunthika: ngati chomeracho chiri ndi kachilombo, zopotoka ziwoneka.
Ndikofunikira! Kuzindikira kwa matendawa ndi vuto loyambitsa matenda a variegated ndilovuta: limafuna labotale yapadera. Amaluwa wamaluwa amatha kudziwa matendawa ndi zizindikiro zakunja, poyerekeza mtundu, zofanana ndi zizindikiro zina ndi phlox zokayikitsa ndi maluwa abwino ofanana. Mtundu wa phloxes sungakhale wotseguka.
Kuwonongeka kwa chomera kumayambitsa kachilomboka:
- kuperewera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phlox (matendawa amachotsedwa, ndipo kuwonongeka kumachitika mopanda chilema);
- matenda a zomera zina.
Matenda a fungal, mankhwala awo
Matenda a fungal amayamba chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (alternarii, dzimbiri fungus, septorii, etc.). Fungal spores, kugwera mu ming'alu ya tsinde kapena spores ya masamba, kulowa mkati chomera. Mycelium imakula ndi matupi opweteka. Pa masamba ayamba kuoneka mawanga ofiira, mawanga omwe amasonkhana, pepala imamwalira.
Zotsatira zoipa za bowa pa phlox:
- kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yonse ya mbewu;
- kuphwanya malamulo;
- kumwa mowa.
Tsamba loyera (septoria)
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha bowa la Septoria phlogis: mabala ambiri a bulawuni, madontho wakuda ndi malire a bulauni amawonekera pa masamba. Masamba akugwa.
Pankhaniyi ndikofunikira:
- kuwononga masamba ogwa;
- Athandizeni zomera zomwe zakhudza: a) chlorine oxide (0.5%) kapena kuimitsidwa kwa basezol (0.2%);
b) Bordeaux madzi (1%), pambuyo pa masiku khumi, spray kachiwiri.
Verticillary wilting wa zimayambira
Matendawa amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Matendawa amapezeka pakati pa maluwa. Zizindikiro zakunja - masamba abwino ndi mphukira zimayamba mwadzidzidzi, popanda kutembenukira chikasu, kuuma ndi kugwa.
Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha bowa Verticillium albo-atrum (yomwe imakonda malo ouma komanso otupa). Mycelium imakula pa mizu: imakhala yonyezimira (kenako imatembenuka yofiira). Nkhumba zimadya timadziti tapatsa thanzi, zimatulutsa maluwa a chinyezi komanso poizoni.
Kuti chithandizo cha matendachi chikule bwino m'pofunikira:
- chotsani chitsamba;
- kumasula maluwa kuchokera pansi, kumiza m'munsi ndi mizu yake kwa mphindi 20 mu njira ya 0,5% Bordeaux osakaniza ("Maxim" kapena "Vitarosa");
- spray chitsamba chonse ndi madzi omwewo;
- kukafika pamalo atsopano (malo akale atatha mankhwala ndi mkuwa sulphate chifukwa chodzala phloxes sangagwiritsidwe ntchito kale kuposa chaka chimodzi).
Mukudziwa? Pakati pa akatswiri wamaluwa ndi asayansi, pali lingaliro loti ma phloxes onse ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa mwa iwo wokha. Palinso chibadwa "chimera" cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phloxes (mu chomera chomwecho pali maselo omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyana siyana) - "Fireworks", "Mashunya", "Traces", ndi zina zotero. Koma kusinthasintha ndi kufanana kwa dongosololi kusungidwa.
Mame a Mealy
Mawonetseredwe a matendawa amapezeka mu August. Pa masamba (choyamba pamunsimu) mawanga a kangaude amaoneka. Mawanga amakula ndikuphatikizana. Chitsamba chimafooka, kukongoletsa kwake kumachepetsa.
Zina mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi izi:
- nyengo yamvula;
- kukwera;
- olimbikitsa zomera (acacia, oiwala-ine-nots, barberries, delphiniums, etc.).
Kutupa
Midsummer (July) amawopseza phlox ndi dzimbiri. Matendawa amakhudza mbali zonse zam'maluwa. Dzina la matendawa ndilo chifukwa cha maonekedwe a masamba ndipo zimayambira mabala ofiira, a bulauni, a bulauni, onga dzimbiri. 
Kuopsa kwa matendawa kukuwonetseredwa kuti:
- dzimbiri fungus limadyetsa maselo a zomera, zimasokoneza kagayidwe ka maselo ndi madzi. Popanda chithandizo, plubx yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri imatha;
- Ng'ombe za bowa zimakhala zabwino kwambiri: mabiliyoni a spores amamera pa phlox imodzi yokha (yomwe mphepo imafalikira pamtunda wautali).
Kuthamanga pa phloxes kumayamba ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka, mkulu wa chinyezi. Spores amatha kuzizira mu mulch wa mulch.
Kulimbana ndi dzimbiri kumaphatikizapo kukonza zoteteza. Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba zimapezeka, m'pofunika kuchiza ndi fungicides ndi kukonzekera ndi mkuwa (Topaz, Oxyh, Scor, mkuwa wa chlorine oxychloride (0.7%), sulphate yachitsulo (1%), ndi zina) phloxes ndi nthaka pa tsamba .
Mukudziwa? White phlox sichimatha kutengeka ndi dzimbiri.
Fomoz
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amadziwika pa nthawi ya phlox. Zimakhudza tsinde:
- m'munsi (masentimita 15) amasintha mtundu - amasanduka chikasu, amasanduka bulauni;
- Mapangidwe a tsinde amasintha, amafanana ndi khola, mlingo wa fragility ukuwonjezeka;
- masamba otsika amauma.
LChithandizo cha zomera zotere ndi chovuta (chosatheka). Mukhoza kusunga zowonongeka bwino - kudula kumtunda, kukonzanso tizidutswa ta timadzi timeneti ndi antifungin. Maluwa odwala amawotcha, ndikupanga nthaka "Thiazone" (100 g pa 1 sq. M).
Phlox tizirombo, momwe tingachitire ndi iwo
Nyongolotsi za Phlox zikuphatikizapo tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nematode, gastropod ndi mitundu ina.
Mbozi zimatulutsa ndi agulugufe
Mafosholo a mbozi, kabichi moth, agulugufe ena amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ziphuphu. Amadya masamba onse, maluwa a maluwa. Maluwa angathe kuwonongedwa ndi tizirombozi.
Kulimbana ndi mbozi kumaphatikizapo:
- chiwonongeko cha namsongole m'munda wa phlox kukula;
- kusonkhanitsa kwa mbozi;
- kupopera mbewu "karbofos" kapena "intta-virusi".
Cruciferous wakuda utitiri
M'chaka cha cruciferous beetles - wakuda kabichi utitiri, ndizoopsa kwa phloxes. Amadya masamba obiriwira ndi mphukira za phlox. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono za mtundu wa anthu kwakhazikitsa njira zake zowononga tizilombo:
- jambulani masamba kumbali zonse ndi phulusa (katatu mu masiku 4-5);
- phulani chomera ndi nthaka yokhala ndi chisakanizo cha phulusa, fodya, mandimu kapena msuzi wakuda;
- Kusakaniza utomoni: 10 malita a madzi ndi 2 tbsp. supuni viniga wosakaniza (70%).
Mukudziwa? Mankhwala otsekemera kwa agalu ndi othandiza polimbana ndi utitiri. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani yankho (2 makapu pa chidebe cha madzi) ndi kupopera mbewu.
Nematodes
Nthawi zambiri Phlox imakhudzidwa ndi mphukira zazing'ono (0,8-1 mm) zazing'ono zam'madzi - tsamba ndi tsinde la nematodes. Izi ndi mliri weniweni wa maluwa. Mafinya amadyetsa zomera zopuma.
Mukamayamwa majeremusi, mapesi a phlox amakhala opotoka, maluwawo amaoneka, maluwawo amakhala ang'onoang'ono, masamba ofanana ndi ulusi amawoneka pamwamba. Chomeracho chimamwalira nthawi zambiri. Zizindikiro za kugonjetsedwa ndi nematodes pa phloxes zikuwoneka kumapeto kwa June - chiyambi cha July.
Ndi matenda amphamvu a malowo, zomera zowola zimakumba ndikuwotchedwa, malowa amachizidwa ndi bleach kapena formalin.
Manatodi omwe amadziwika ndi owopsa kwambiri, ndipo ndi bwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito m'munda.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa kumaphatikizapo kusankha kusankhidwa kwa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa, komanso kudula nthambi zathanzi (musanayambe kubzala mizu, tsambulani madzi odulidwa mumadzi).
Wamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azipanga cuttings zamtengo wapatali m'chaka (pamene nthaka kutentha ndi pansi pa 10 ° C ndipo tsinde lalitali silinagwire masentimita 5).
Slugs
Kuwopsa kwa slugs ndi owopsa kwambiri pa phlox, amadya mwachangu mphukira, masamba, maluwa. Chomera kwambiri (mchere ukhoza kukhala ndi mazira 400 pa chilimwe ndi autumn). Masana amabisala m'misasa, usiku ndi mvula masana akupita kukadyetsa.
Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli. Gwiritsani ntchito palimodzi komanso mothandizidwa ndi misampha: matabwa omwe ali pamtengowu, matabwa omwe ali pamsewu, trays ndi mowa. Malo omwe ali ndi phloxes ndi kuyandikira kwa iwo akhoza kuwaza ndi phulusa, laimu, superphosphate - slugs sizingagonjetse chopinga, mpaka mvula isasambe. Pambuyo mvula - kubwereza.
Ndikofunikira! Sitiyenera kuiwala kuti tisawononge zipangizo zanu zam'munda, malo ogwira ntchito, zitsulo, ndi zina zotero.
Kuthetsa pennitsa
Kuchokera pa May mpaka June pali pangozi yaikulu kwa phlox kuchokera ku mphutsi za bedi la bedi loponyera pansi (khalani pansi pamunsi mwa tsamba, kumene amachotsa mankhwala otentha). Mphutsi imayamwa madzi kuchokera m'masamba, chomera chimatha ndipo sichimasamba.
Pakakhala zilonda zamodzi, masamba amathyoledwa ndi mphutsi (mbozi imayesera kubisala, kudumpha kuchoka patsamba). Ngati muli ndi matenda akuluakulu, perekani ndi njira ya Inta-Vira (makamaka mkati mwa masamba).
Kupewa matenda a phlox ndi tizirombo
Kusamalira nthawi zonse kumathandiza kusunga phloxes. Pofuna kuteteza phlox ku matenda, muyenera:
- m'nyengo yamasika ndi yophukira kukumba nthaka pa bayonet imodzi;
- Bwezerani phloxes kumalo atsopano zaka 4 zilizonse;
- namsongole, namsongole, masamba osweka;
- m'nyengo ya masika kuti ayese dziko lapansi ndi mkuwa oxychloride, Bordeaux osakaniza;
- Chitani chithandizo chopewa chithandizo ("Maxim", "Vitaros", etc.).
- poletsa powdery mildew, 2-3 nthawi pa chilimwe, pitirizani fungicides Topaz, Skor, etc;
- Pofuna kupewa nthendayi kuti musabwerere misampha (nandolo, parsley, marigolds, etc.), nematodes makamaka muziwakonda ndi kuzipeza mwa iwo).
Ndikofunikira! Pazigawo zoyamba za matendawa, phlox ikhoza kubisika. Malingana ndi zizindikiro zakunja, zimakhalanso zovuta kusiyanitsa matenda - duwa likhoza kukhala ndi matenda ambiri. Choncho, ndibwino kuti tigule phlox chodzala mosiyana (pamagawo), kamodzi kamodzi pa masabata awiri kuti ayende.
