Pakati pa zomera zapakhomo nthawi zambiri amapezeka Calathea. Ndilo la banja la maranty ndipo liri ndi mitundu pafupifupi 130. Mu chilengedwe, chomeracho chikupezeka ku South ndi Central America, ndipo dzina lake limatanthawuza "baskiti" - kuchokera ku masamba a Calathea kamodzi adasankha dengu.
Lero, calathea yakula chifukwa cha zokongoletsa. Masamba ake okongola amawoneka osamveka ndipo amatumikira monga kukongoletsa mkati. Masamba a chomeracho ndi aakulu, akhoza kufika masentimita 30 m'litali, ndi ovunda, elliptical, elongated, kukula kuchokera ku rosette. Nthawi zonse amatembenukira ku dzuwa. Mitundu ina imatha kuuluka maluwa, ndipo maluwa awo amasonkhanitsidwa muzinyalala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Mukudziwa? Kuwonjezera pa masamba okongola, Calathea ali ndi chinthu china. Madzulo, masamba amanyamuka ndipo tsamba lochepa la masamba likuwonekera. Ngati mumayang'ana ndondomekoyi tsiku ndi tsiku, zikuwoneka kuti masamba a zomera akuyenda. Chifukwa chaichi, zomera zimatchedwanso maluwa a pemphero.
M'zinthu zam'chipindamo, zimasinthidwa kuti zikhale ndi Kalathea, yokongoletsedwa ndi Calathea, Calatheum Makoya, zofiira, ndi Veitch Calathea. Si olima onse a maluwa omwe angakwanitse kupeza calathea, izi zimakhala chifukwa chosowa mtengo. Pa maonekedwe osamalira Kalatiyayo, tipitiliza.
Zomwe zingatheke kusunga Calathea m'nyumba
Maluwa okongola a Kalatea amafunikira chidwi kwambiri. Ichi ndi chomera chotentha, choncho amakonda kukonda ndi kuwala. Muyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa kuthirira ndi kusamalira nthaka yabwino.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Kuti akwaniritse kufunika kwa kuwala ndi kutentha kwa chinyontho, muyenera kupeza malo abwino kwa iye mnyumbamo. Amalekerera mthunzi kawirikawiri, koma sichidzakhala mumthunzi wambiri, osapunthwa. Ngati calathea ili mumdima kwa nthawi yaitali, mtundu wokongoletsera wa masamba ake umakhala wobiriwira, maonekedwe amachoka. Chifukwa chopanda kuwala, Calathea imakula pang'onopang'ono. Choncho, iyenera kuikidwa m'malo owala. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo dzuwa liyenera kupewa, monga momwe amatha kutentha pamoto. Ndi bwino kukula chomera pafupi kapena pafupi ndi mawindo akumadzulo ndi kummawa.
Ndikofunikira! Calathea sakonda chilolezo, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi zojambula.
Mavuto otentha
Kusamalira calathea panyumba kumatanthauzanso kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwabwino kumachitika. Chomera sichimalekerera kuzizira, kutentha komweko pansi pa madigiri 16 kumamuwononga. Kutentha kwake kwakukulu ndi -16-23 ° C.
Madontho a kutentha mwadzidzidzi amadzazidwa ndi imfa ya Calathea. Zojambula zozizira zimakhalanso ndi zotsatira zovulaza - masamba amakhala ouma ndi ovunda.
Kusamalira kwathunthu calathea kunyumba
Nyumba za Calathea ziyenera kukhazikitsa zinthu zofanana ndi nkhalango zazing'ono zam'mlengalenga. Penumbra imamukwanira iye, monga mu chilengedwe iye amakula pansi pa mthunzi wa mitengo yayitali, pamene akulandira kuwala kokwanira mokwanira. Kutentha kumapiri otentha sikugwa pansi pa madigiri 18, ndipo palibe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Calathea ikhoza kuyamwa chinyezi pamwamba pa tsamba, choncho mvula yamtendere imakhala yabwino kwa iyo.
Kutenga nkhalango ya microclimate kunyumba sikophweka, koma mukhoza kuyandikira kwambiri momwe mungathere. Ndikofunika kusamalira madzi okwanira, kuonetsetsa kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi kudyetsa mbewu.
Kodi Calathe ayenera kuthirira chiyani?
Kuthirira Calathea kuyenera kukwanira, makamaka m'chilimwe. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa, oyenerera madzi amvula ndi chisanu chosungunuka. Mukhoza kuchepetsa madzi ndi peat, omwe mwapang'ono mwake amaikidwa m'thumba lamba ndipo amathira mu chidebe ndi madzi usiku wonse. Mmawa madzi adzakhala abwino kuthirira Calathe.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mizu siyambe kuonongeka kuchokera ku chinyezi chowonjezera. M'chilimwe, madzi okwanira akuchulukira, ndi nyengo yozizira ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kuti apange kachipangizo kakang'ono ka Calathea, woyeretsa amathandiza. Ngati palibe, mungathe kuchita ndi njira zosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, yikani udzu mumtengowu ndikudzaza ndi madzi. Mphika wokhala ndi chomera chokhazikika pa dongo sichiyenera kugwirizana ndi madzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yachitsulo, mchenga wouma, mchenga wa sphagnum mmalo mwa dothi lowonjezera.
Popeza chomeracho chimafuna kutentha kwa mpweya, funso lachilengedwe limayambira: akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupopera masamba omwewo ndikuwafooketsa kwambiri, izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa mitundu yomwe ili ndi masamba ofewa abwino. Mitundu yomwe ili ndi masamba osalala, ndi bwino ngati nthawi zina imangofafanizidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Mukhoza kupopera mpweya kuzungulira chomeracho mothandizidwa ndi mfuti yaing'ono, osagwirizana nazo.
Monga mwachoncho, calathea ndi mphika ikhoza kuthetsedwa mu nthaka yopanda kanthu, pansi pake yomwe mungayikemo moss, mchenga kapena dothi lowonjezera. Zomwe zili pansi pa terrarium ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka, panthawiyi, microclimate yeniyeni idzapangidwa popanda madontho a chinyezi.
Feteleza ndi feteleza Calathea
Calatheum imafunika kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza. Koma kumbukirani kuti chomeracho chimapweteketsa bwino zonse zomwe zimasowa komanso feteleza chowonjezera - mapeto a masamba amakhala ofiira achikasu. Kudyetsa kungatheke milungu iwiri iliyonse panthawi ya kukula kwachangu, komwe kumakhala mwezi wa March-September. Mu kugwa ndi nyengo yozizira, feteleza calathean amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi.
Mitundu yomwe imafalikira, nkoyenera kudyetsa fetereza kwa zomera.
Kukonzekera bwino ndikupanga nthaka kusakaniza
Ndizozoloŵera kukonza calathea kamodzi kamodzi zaka ziwiri, ndi zomera zazing'ono zosakwana zaka zinayi pachaka. Ngati ndi kotheka, bzalani chomeracho. Kuikidwa kwa calathea, kumangobweretsamo m'nyumba yatsopano, kungatheke patatha mlungu umodzi kusintha kwa mbeu muzochitika zatsopano.
Ndikofunikira! Pochita ntchito yofunika kwambiri, Calathea amabisa zinthu m'nthaka, zomwe pambuyo pake zingayambe kuvulaza. Choncho, m'pofunika kuti ndikasendeze chomera mu gawo latsopano mu nthawi yake.
Nthaŵi yoyenera yopangira calathea ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe. Mphika wa chomera ayenera kusankhidwa wosaya ndi wozama, pamene mizu ikukula mozungulira pansi pa nthaka. Mu mphika wokwanira kwambiri, pansi pampando mphukira yopanga yochepa mphukira ndi rosettes. Choncho, chomera chikukula, chimapatsa ana. Kwa kuikapo timatenga mbale 2 cm kuposa imodzi yapitayi.
Pansi pa tangiyi mumayika ngalande, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dothi lowonjezera. Dziko la calathea limakonzedwa kuchokera ku tsamba ndi nthaka ya humus, peat ndi mchenga. Zonsezi zimagwidwa chimodzimodzi, ndi mchenga - theka. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzekera la rhododendrons, maranth kapena azaleas, momwe mungathe kuwonjezera makala amodzi ndi mchenga.
Musanabzala m'nthaka yatsopano, mizu ya mbewuyo iyenera kuyeretsedwa ku gawo lakale. Kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena matenda, izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Mizu yovunda yomwe imapezeka nthawi yomweyo iyenera kuchotsedwa, ndi kudula komwe kumawaza ndi makala. Atayika chomera m'nthaka yatsopano, mizu yake iyenera kuwonongeka kukhala dothi lachitsulo pamadzi ndi kuwaza popanda kuwononga nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Mphuno yomwe imapezeka pamtunda wa calathea - ma stolons, mababu - sangathe kuchotsedwa. Izi ndizochitika zachilengedwe zomwe zomera zimasunga zakudya, chinyezi.
Kubala calathea
Pamene chomera chikuwoneka chakuda, chimakula, chimakhala ndi mphukira zambiri, funso limakhala momwe lingalengeze calathea kunyumba. Njirayi ikuphatikizidwa bwino ndi kuika.
Kugawanika chomera chimabzalidwa aliyense payekha ndikuyika malo otentha pansi pa filimuyi. Firimuyi imathandiza kubwezeretsa wowonjezera kutentha, kumene maluwa amamera msanga pansi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunikanso kusunga nthawi zonse kutentha kwa mbeu.
Miphika yodyera Calathea kutenga awiri a masentimita 10. Pambuyo pa rooting, ikhoza kuikidwa mu miphika ya zikuluzikulu m'mimba mwake - masentimita 15.
Mu chaka choyamba chodziimira payekha, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa m'chilimwe kamodzi pamlungu, m'nyengo yozizira kamodzi pa masabata atatu. Nthanga za calathea zimakhala zovuta kufalitsa, monga momwe zimakhalira kawirikawiri.
Mukudziwa? Kalataya makoya ndi kalateya ndi ovuta kwambiri. Mitundu yochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi zebrovid calathea ndi yofiira.
Tizilombo ndi matenda Calathei, momwe tingachitire ndi iwo
Calathea panyumba amafunikira chidwi kwambiri. Kuphwanya kulikonse komwe kumasamalidwa kungapangitse kusintha kwa mtundu wa mbewu, mawanga amawonekera, masamba amawuma ndi owuma. Muzochitika zotero, ndikofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa ndikuchotseratu.
Ndikofunikira! Calathea amavuta ngati masamba ake sakuwuka madzulo, ngati nsonga za masamba zimasanduka bulauni ndi mawanga akuwoneka pa iwo.Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa calathea zimawoneka ngati simungakwanitse kutentha kwa mpweya. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga tizilombo ting'onoting'onoting'ono, tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo timakhudza - zomera zimakhala zachikasu ndi masamba.
Pochotseratu tizirombo, chomerachi chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi sopo. Ngati chokhumbacho sichikwaniritsidwa, gwiritsani ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Vuto lina limene limapezeka pamene kulibe madzi okwanira ndikuti mapeto a masamba amauma pa calatheus. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuyika chophika chomera pazitsamba zamadzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zowonongolera mpweya kuzungulira chomeracho. Mmerawo ukhoza kuumitsa chifukwa cha kuchepa okwanira, ma drafts, ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
Mawanga pamasamba amasonyeza kutentha kwa dzuwa. Masamba achikasu akhoza kukhala chizindikiro chachilengedwe komanso chosasangalatsa. Ngati masamba apansi atembenukira chikasu, izi ndi zachilendo, achikulire amafa ndipo zatsopano zikuwonekera. Ngati vuto liri ndi zigawo zapamwamba - kupitirira malire kwa feteleza, kutsika kochepa kapena kusakwanira.
Masamba a calathea curl kuuma kapena ozizira mpweya, ma drafts.
Ndikofunikira! Posankha chomera, muyenera kuphunzira maonekedwe ake ndikupeza dzina. Kunja, chomerachi chiyenera kukhala chamoyo, chopanda banga komanso kupotoza masamba.
Chomera chingayang'ane bwino ngati wamaluwa amamupatsa malo abwino. Choncho, ngati simunakonzeke nthawi yambiri yobzala zomera, ndi bwino kusiya calathea ndikupanga zomera zosafunikira.
