Gladioli ndi maluwa okongola komanso okongola. Kuti muwone iwo pa webusaiti yanu, muyenera kudziwa njira zina zosamalira zomera, komanso njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mutabzala. Ngati mulibe chiwembu chanu, gladiolus ikhoza kukula pakhomo.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji mababu a kubzala?
Musanabzala gladiolus, muyenera kulingalira mosamala za babu. Kudyetsa bwino gladioli kawirikawiri kumadalira momwe mungachitire mwatcheru njirayi masabata atatu musanafike. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyeretsa babu kuchokera ku nkhuta.
Ambiri amadzifunsa ngati n'zotheka kufalitsa gladiolus. Fufuzani mosamala mababu. Mukawona mawanga, amatanthauza kuti ali ndi mabakiteriya ndipo ayenera kuchiritsidwa. Ndikofunika kudula malo omwe akanthidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa, uwaphimbe ndi greenery ndi kuwalola iwo kuti aziwuma pamaso pa mawonekedwe otsika. Ndi bwino kutaya babu ngati ili ndi vuto losawonongeka, kapena lakufota.
Ndikofunika kuyesa kuchotsa filimu yonyansa kuchokera ku nyongolosi ndikukonzekera zomera mumzere umodzi pazitsulo zooneka ngati mapepala. Siyani masiku 18 musanadze gladioli kutentha. Ngati chomeracho chimasungidwa m'malo ozizira, kutentha kotere kumathandiza kuti zidzutse mwamsanga.
Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi nthano, gladiolus imachokera ku nkhondo zolimbirana.
Patsiku lomaliza lapita, mutha kupita kuchipatala chisanachitike. Kuchita izi, kuchepetsa potassium permanganate m'madzi ndi zilowerere mababu mu njirayi kwa mphindi 30. Pambuyo pake, yikani chomera cha thonje muzitsulo, zomwe poyamba zinkakonzedwa bwino ndi madzi. Ikani mababu pamenepo kwa masiku atatu. Pamene madzi akuuma, m'pofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitsuka ubweya wa thonje. Ngati panthawi ino mwawona maonekedwe a mizu, ndiye kuti izi zimatanthauza kuti zodabwitsa gladioluses zakonzeka kuti zifike pansi.
Malamulo odzala mababu a gladiolus otseguka pansi
Pali malamulo ena oti mubzala gladioli mutseguka.
Masabata angapo musanabzala, zomera zimayenera kusokonezedwa ndi kukula, kutaya zitsanzo zovunda ndi matenda. Mababu omwe ali aakulu, ndi bwino kudzala mosiyana, chifukwa pambuyo pake padzakhala maluwa amphamvu kuchokera kwa iwo, omwe amamthulira "achibale" ang'onoang'ono, motero amawakana nawo zakudya zonse.
Mukudziwa? Mazira opangidwa ndi kutsukidwa adzayamwa zakudya zambiri kuposa omwe ataya..
Pambuyo pa pereberete, chotsani mamba youma motero kuti musamavulaze thupi la babu ndi mphukira zazing'ono.
Nthawi zabwino zokhalapo
Kubzala kumachitika mu kasupe, kuyambira kumapeto kwa April mpaka zaka khumi zoyambirira za May. Panthawi imeneyi nthaka yomwe ikuya masentimita 12 imamera 10 ° C. Ngati dziko lisanatenthe, ndiye bwino kuyembekezera kutentha kwabwino. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti n'zosatheka kuchita ndi kasupe gladioli tubers:
- Ngati mutabzala choyambirira, ndiye kuti zochitika zoterezi zingayambe kuchepetsa kukula kwa maluwa.
- Kubzala msinkhu sikudakambidwenso, chifukwa zingasokoneze zomera.
- Ndiyeneranso kulingalira mbali zonse za nyengo zomwe malowa amachitikira. Kumbukirani kuti mukabzala gladiolus mu nthaka yonyowa, idzapha tuber.
Malo osankhidwa a kubzala
Ngati mupita patsogolo mosamalitsa ku funso la malo obzala gladiolus m'dzikomo, ndiye kuti mudzakhala bwino.
Ndikofunikira!Malo omwe mukufuna kudzala gladioli ayenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira, komanso dzuwa.
Yesani kupanga bedi m'njira yoti kuchokera kumpoto kuli "chitetezo" ngati mitengo, zitsamba kapena mpanda. Gladioli imafuna malo owala, omwe adzatetezedwe ku mphepo, chifukwa akhoza kuthyola tsinde lachitsamba. Choncho, ndibwino kukonzekera malo otsetserekera kumapeto kwa autumn. Gawolo liyenera kukhala lopanda kanthu, chifukwa izi muyenera kuika. Bedi la maluwa liyenera kusungidwa kwa masabata awiri, ndiye kuti mutha kubzala mwachindunji.
Momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala
Nthaka iyenera kukumbidwa bwino ndikukonzekera kuwonjezera feteleza kuti mubzala. Musaiwale kuchotsa udzu wonse kumtunda musanakonzekere kukula maluwa. Ngati malo omwe mwasankha ndi otsika kwambiri, muyenera kupanga bedi lalikulu, chifukwa mababu a gladiolus samakonda madzi omwe angakhalepo ndipo amatha kufa.
Mukudziwa? Osalowerera kapena pang'ono acidic chilengedwe cha chernozem, mchenga loam ndi loam angatengedwe bwino kwambiri nthaka kukula maluwa.
Mmera ndi wokonda dothi lotayirira, kotero ngati dera lanu liri loyera, muthe kutsanulira peat, mchenga ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha amodzi kapena atatu.
Ndondomeko ndi kuya kwake
Momwe gladiolus amafunira kubzalidwa zimadalira kukula kwa babu. Ngati ili lalikulu, ndiye kuti chomeracho chiyenera kubzalidwa mozama masentimita 10, ngati pafupifupi ndi masentimita 7, ndipo tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga masentimita 2-3. Ndikofunika kuganizira za momwe nthaka ikuyendera, monga dothi lingapangitse kuti pang'onopang'ono kukula, ndi mchenga - kuvutikira kwa nthaka.
Kodi kusamalira gladiolus mphukira
Gladiolus ndi chomera chokomera chimene chimapereka inflorescences ndi maluwa okongola ndi masamba, opangidwa ngati lupanga. Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa abwino pa chiwembu chanu, muyenera kuwasamalira bwino mutatha.
Kuthirira, kuthirira feteleza ndi kumasula nthaka
Choyamba, mumasowa nthawi kuti mumve madzi a gladiolus. Mu kasupe, nthaka imanyowa, ndi kuthirira chomera chimadalira momwe kuli kofunikira. Kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumafunika kwenikweni kuwonjezeka pamene maluwa mapesi amapangidwa (15 malita pa 1 sq / m). Gawo ili mungathe kudziwa mosavuta kuti ndi masamba angati omwe adawonekera kale. Ngati muli ndi timapepala 3 kapena 4, mutha kuwonjezera mlingo wa kuthirira. Madzi ambiri amafunika panthawi ya maluwa a gladiolus. Pambuyo kuthirira, muyenera kuyesa kupyola pansi, ndipo duwa lokha liziwongolera.
Kuwaza feteleza kumakhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa kukula kwa maluwa. Gawo la feteleza liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito patatha masabata 4 ndi asanu mutabzala. Kupaka zovala zabwino ndi bwino kusankha nitrojeni. Pa 1 sq / m ya dothi mumafunikira magalamu 30 a feteleza. Ngati sitekhayo ili kale yochuluka mu nayitrogeni, gawoli liyenera kuchepetsedwa kawiri. Pambuyo poonekera mazira oyambirira, nthaka iyeneranso kukhala umuna.
Ndikofunikira! Musanawonjezere fetereza m'nthaka, muyenera kuthirira.
Kupalira ndi kukulumikiza
Nkofunika kubweza gawo la mkango kuti likhale ndi mulching ndi kuthirira nthaka. Zidzathandiza kuteteza chinyezi, komanso kutsekemera nthaka ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta humus ndi peat. Ayenera kulowa mkati mwa masentimita asanu.
Mukudziwa? Mothandizidwa ndi njira yosavuta yothetsera, mungathe kuchotseratu namsongole omwe amasokoneza kukula kwa gladiolus.
Izi zimapereka chomeracho mwabwino komanso mosamala kwambiri.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa akuluakulu
Kusamalira maluwa akuluakulu sikovuta. Muyenera kufufuza nthaka ndi mkhalidwe wa gladioli. Komanso mbande, duwa lalikulu liyenera kukhala lopuma mpweya ndi kuthirira madzi.
Kuthirira nthaka
Pakati pa mwezi wa July ndi kumayambiriro kwa August, gladioli pachimake. Panthawi imeneyi, muyenera kuyesetsa kusunga nthaka yonyowa. Ngati mvula ikugwa kunja ndipo nyengo imakhala yozizira komanso yowuma, ndiye kuthirira mbewuyo iyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti asatenge matenda opatsirana ndi fungal.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati simumazitsitsa gladioli, mukhoza kuzidyetsa kangapo nthawiyi. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la nitrophoska kapena "Kemira".
Garter ndi hilling zomera
Ndikofunika kumangiriza zomera pamene akukula. Mudzafunika zikwama. Mukhoza kuchita popanda galasi, koma kuti muzitha kusinthana ndi mbeu pafupifupi 12 cm, kuti mupange mosavuta.
Ngati mukuganiza ngati gladioli ingadulidwe, ndiye alimi omwe amadziwa bwino akuyankha kuti mungathe, yesani kusadula mapepala apansi. Pofuna kukula bwino kwa babu, ingosiya masamba 5 okha.
Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Pali tizirombo tating'ono ku gladioli, koma akadali pomwepo. Slugs ali ndi zotsatira zoipa pa maonekedwe a chomera, chifukwa amatha kudya theka la masamba. Iwo amathanso kugona tubers ndi kuwononga duwa.
Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kufesa namsongole, choncho amatenga theka la zakudya ndikuthandizira kuti slugs ipitirire. Kukonzekera monga Mvula Yamkuntho ndi Meta kudzakuthandizani kupeza zotsatira zabwino zowononga tizilombo. Kusintha sikuyenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pa masiku 20.
Ndikofunikira! Mankhwalawa ndi owopsa, choncho ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito malo omwe ziweto kapena ana amakhala.
Mchere ndi mpiru wa mpiru zidzakuthandizani, pamene zimakhudza khungu lofewa la slugs ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pa njira ya tizirombo.
Mdima wamdima ungathandizenso. Zamadzimadzi zimatsanulidwira mumabotolo osaya ndi kuzikidwa m'nthaka kotero kuti m'mphepete mwake muli pamtunda. Slugs amasangalala ndi mowa, motero, atabwera kununkhiza, amapeza pothawirapo pomaliza.
Medvedka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a gladioli, chifukwa sikuti imangodutsa mizu, koma imakhalanso yaying'ono. Madzi akhoza kutsanulira mu chidebe. Pamene tizilombo timva ludzu, idzagwa mumsampha wamadzi.
Mukudziwa? M'zaka za m'ma Middle Ages, oponderezedwa a gladiolus mababu anali owonjezera ufa pamene ankaphika mkate.
Mukhozanso kukumba m'matumbo a "Medvetoksa" 50 cm. Atadya nyambo, tizilombo timene timwalira.
Pankhani ya matenda, pali mitundu 15 ya iwo, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi bowa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya. Zimadziwikanso kuti palibe njira zothetsera mavuto zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupewa njira yosasinthika ngati yayamba kale. Choncho, ndibwino kuti poyamba muyang'ane mkhalidwe wa zomera ndikutsatira malamulo a teknoloji yaulimi.
Nthawi yokumba ndi momwe mungasunge gladioli
Kumapeto kwa autumn, pamene gladiolus ottsvetut, muyenera kukumba kuchokera m'nthaka ndikuyeretsa bwinobwino kuchokera ku mizu ndi dziko lapansi, kenako patukani mababu kuchokera kwa ana ndikuwume bwino. Ana ndi ma tuber ayenera kukhala osiyana.
Kusungirako kwa gladioluses bwino kumachitika pamalo ozizira amdima. Komanso, ayenera kuwonongeka kukhala matumba a mapepala osiyanasiyana. Kuthamanga ndi kufufuza nthawi zonse kudzakuthandizani kuti musayambe kuvunda.
Pakati pa February, mababuwo amafunika kutentha ndi kuwala, popeza ali ndi nthawi yayitali, ndipo amasula mivi. Mu mawonekedwe awa, iwo adzakhala asanafike pansi.
Ngati mwafunsa mafunso okhudza zomwe zingabzalidwe pafupi ndi gladiolus komanso zomwe zimagwirizanitsa gladioli pa bedi, ndiye kuti zomera izi zimakula bwino ndi tulips kapena daffodils, komanso ndi peonies ndi hydrangeas.
Ndikofunikira! Musayesetse kubzala gladioli ndi dahlias, chifukwa mitengo iwiriyi idzapikisana.
Monga mukuonera, kuchoka ndi kutuluka kwa gladioli sikudzatenga nthawi yochuluka. Ndipo ndi chikhumbo chachikulu, mudzatha kulima maluwa okongola awa!
