Njira yapadera yokula tomato m'matumba. Kubzala ndi kukolola

Tomato, mosiyana ndi mbewu zambiri, zimakula bwino mukamakula m'thumba. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti tomato m'matumba akhoza kusunthidwa kuchoka pamalo amodzi popanda kuwononga ma rhizomes kapena zimayambira.

Poyamba, njirayi ikuwoneka yosazolowereka, koma yakhala yotchuka kwa nthawi ndithu, yodziwika bwino komanso yotchuka chaka chilichonse. Zovuta zonse ndi ubwino wodzala tomato m'matumba tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Kufotokozera njirayo

Chofunika cha njirayi ndi chimenecho kubzala phwetekere mbande mu matumba akhoza kuyembekezera zokolola zambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito lingaliro limeneli, mumayenera matumba abwino, gawo lodzaza malo, malo omwe mungathe kuwagwiritsira ntchito, kuthandizira mavitamini ndi mbande zabwino. Njira iyi yolima tomato si yosiyana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa njira ya chikhalidwe.

Pankhaniyi, ndi nkhani yokonza tomato m'matumba, pamene mbande zimayenera kubzalidwa osati poyera m'minda ya masamba, koma m'matumba a nthaka, omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera m'masitolo apadera.

Zabwino ndi zamwano

Zina mwa ubwino wa njira iyi yobweretsera zotsatirazi:

• Ngati pangoyamba kutentha kapena chisanu, matumba amatha kusamutsira ku chipinda chosungika kwambiri.
• Mukamwetsa chinyezi kumalowa ku mizu ya zomera, ndipo sikufalikira pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, zomwe zimasunga kuchuluka kwa madzi oyenera kuthirira.
• Nthawi yochepetsera imachepetsa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi.
• Nthaka imatuluka mofulumira pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo imatentha kwambiri usiku.
• Tomato sadziwika ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
• Kuopseza kufalikira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda kuchepa.
• Zosowa zochepa za nthawi ndi khama la kupalira, kuyendayenda, kumasula, kukolola.
• Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mbeu zonse.
• Nthaka mutatha kukolola tomato ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo ena a munda wamaluwa kapena ndiwo zamasamba.
• Zokolola za tomato m'thumba sizidalira mtundu wa dothi limene amakula
• Chinthu choyipa ngati namsongole chikusowa.
• Kuyanjanitsa: njira iyi ya kulima imapulumutsa malo oti kulima mbewu zina ndipo zimathekera kuyika matumba kumalo aliwonse.

Kuipa kwa njira iyi yakukula tomato ndi:

• Mukasuntha, matumba a tomato amatha kung'amba, poganizira mabowo. Koma ndizofunika kuteteza zowola za tomato ndi tomato komanso madzi omwe alipo.
• Mitundu ya matumbayo iyenera kusankhidwa kuwala, chifukwa mdima wandiweyani umakopa kutentha, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, tomato imakula bwino komanso imakhala yowonongeka kwambiri, ndipo ziyeneranso kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi kuthirira kangapo.
• N'zotheka kuyimitsa ndi kuthirira. Ngati simusamala nthawi, tomato amafa.
• Kufunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zosiyana ndi njira yozolowereka yobzala mbewu.
• Muyenera kulingalira mozama za kukonzekera ndi nthawi yobzala ndi kukonzekera tomato.
• Adzafuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Muyenera kuganizira za malo a matumba pamalowa kuti chitsime kapena chingwe chili pafupi.

Madzi ayenera kuthiridwa mwachindunji m'mphepete mwa ngalande, mwinamwake mizu yazitsamba idzavunda kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.

Kukonzekera

Kukukuta

Kulima tomato mwanjira imeneyi, mungagwiritse ntchito matumba akuluakulu a shuga (kwa 30 ndi kilogalamu imodzi), popeza ali otalika, amalola mpweya ndi madzi kudutsa bwino kuposa polyethylene yofanana.

Pankhaniyi, m'pofunikira kudula makona kuti apange mabowo apadera. Koma izi sizikusokoneza kutenga matumba apulasitiki chifukwa chodzala tomato.

Pamene mukukonzekera zipangizo za kubzala tomato ayenera kumvetsera mtundu wa matumba: Ndi bwino kuti iwo ali owala, koma ngati palibe, matumba a mdima ayenera kukulumikizidwa ndi zinthu zoyera kuti ma rhizomes asapitirire. Ndipo zinthu zomwe matumbawo amapangidwa sizothandiza kwambiri; Zikhoza kupangidwa kuchokera ku polyethylene kapena mukhoza kutenga matumba omwe kale anali ndi shuga.

Mbewu

Pali mwayi wogula mbewu mu sitolo yapadera kapena kukonzekera iwo ndi manja anu. Musanabzala tomato m'nthaka, muyenera kukonzekera mbewu 62-67 masiku asanakhale - tomato mbande ayenera kukhala masiku 55-60 + pa sabata kuti ayambe kumera (kuti mudziwe zambiri za momwe mungamere mbande za phwetekere mu njira ya Chinese, werengani apa, Nkhani zomwe mungaphunzire za mbeu yosafesa mbewu).

Mbewu ziyenera kuyesedwa koyamba mu njira ya 3% ya mchere (3 g pa 100 ml ya madzi). Mphindi zochepa chabe, mbewu zopanda kanthu zidzayandama, ndipo mbewu zabwino zimamira pansi. Kenaka mbewuzi ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi matenda a potaziyamu permanganate kapena hydrogen peroxide yankho kwa mphindi makumi atatu. Kenaka, muyenera kuumitsa mbeu mufiriji masiku awiri kutentha kwa 1 ° C.

Zina zakuthupi

Nthaka: Kuti muwonjezere zokolola za tomato, ndi bwino kukonzekera nthaka yapadera musanadzalemo. Malo okonzedweratu a tomato sayenera kukhala amchere kapena acidic, ndibwino kuti asalowerere. Pofuna kupeza zotsatira za kutengeka, vermiculite, utuchi ndi mchenga ziyenera kuwonjezedwa pansi.

Pofuna kudyetsa tomato patsogolo, musanayambe mazira ambiri, m'pofunika kudzaza matumbawo ndi theka la humus, ndipo mudzaze gawo lachiwiri ndi nthaka yamba. Komanso udindo wa kudzaza akhoza kupanga manyowa.

Zojambula pamwamba pa zomangiriza tomato: Mukhoza kumanga tomato ndi chingwe, waya kapena njanji, zomwe ziyenera kutengedwa pamatumba, kumene tchire lidzamangidwa ndi chingwe. Mukhozanso kuyika zowonjezera matabwa m'matumba.

Malangizo ofotokoza: sitepe ndi sitepe

Mu zotengera shuga

Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kubzala tomato mwanjira imeneyi matumba a mtundu woyera kuchokera pansi pa shuga, popeza ali ndi mphamvu zedi poyerekeza ndi pulasitiki. Ndiye muyenera kutenga spatula ndikutsanulira zidebe ziwiri za kompositi lapansi mu thumba.

Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito matumba a shuga, ndiye kuti mabowo sangadandaule. Ndi teknoloji yapadera yopanga, iwo achitidwa kale pasadakhale. Chifukwa cha mtundu woyera wa chomeracho sichidzatha ndipo ma rhizomes adzakula mofulumira.

Choyamba, kukula tomato osiyanasiyana kumatanthauza kudzaza gawo lachitatu la vesili ndi dothi. Chachiwiri, ngati mitundu yocheperapo imabzalidwa, ndiye kuti thumba lidzaza ndi theka. Ndiye matumba ayenera kuikidwa mwamphamvu kwa wina ndi mzake mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo pamwamba pa thumba ayenera kutuluka.

Kufika kumachitika mwanjira iyi.:

1. Kusakaniza mkaka kuyenera kutsanulidwa mu thumba.
2. Kuchokera mu chidebe, mitengo iwiri kapena itatu iyenera kuikidwa mu thumba lililonse, malingana ndi kutalika kwake.
3. Ma rhizomes a tomato ayenera kuwaza pamwamba pa nthaka, khosi liyenera kukhala pamtunda.
4. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yovuta kwambiri.
5. Ndiye muyenera kumwa madzi omwe adabzalidwa mbande.
6. Kenaka, muyenera kusuntha matumba ndi tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ngati kuzizira kudutsa, ndiye kuti akhoza kutulutsidwa m'munda.

Mu matumba apulasitiki

1. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito thumba la pulasitiki kuti mutenge tomato, dulani mitsempha ya mbande, ndikudula pamwamba pa thumba pamzere wodula.

   Matumba amenewa apangidwa bwino kuti chodzala mbatata zitatu mu thumba limodzi.

2. Kenaka muyenera kuchita pambali pa mabowo a ngalande.
3. Ndiye muyenera kuchita mu dothi lodzala mbande zing'onozing'ono mabowo. Miyeso ya mabowo iyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa chidebe chimene chomeracho chidzabzalidwe.
4. Mbewuyo iyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi kuikidwa mu dzenje lakumba.
5. Monga chithandizo, mutha kutenga zingwe zing'onozing'ono kapena kukoka chingwe.
6. Pamapeto pake, tomato ayenera kuthirizidwa mochuluka.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mbeu za phwetekere musanakhale mutabzala?

Musanadzalemo tomato mu matumba, muyenera kuchita bwino kwambiri mankhwala osokoneza bongo.. Mbewu iyenera kuviikidwa mu hydrogen peroxide kapena mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate pasadakhale. Pankhani yogula mbeu, kufunika kwa njirayi kumachotsedwa. Musanadzalemo, mbewu ziyenera kumera pasadakhale: muyenera kuziyika m'madzi ofunda tsiku ndi kukulunga mu nsalu yonyowa kwa masiku angapo musanayambe kumera.

Komanso, amafunika kuyanika kuti asungunuke. Ndikofunika kupanga malo apadera pamtunda wa masentimita angapo kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake ndi kuthandizidwa ndi cholembera, madzi bwino ndikufesa mbewu pamtunda wa masentimita atatu. Ndiye m'pofunika kubisa chidebecho ndi filimu yowonekera musanayambe kumera, nthawi ndi nthawi moistening ndi kuuluka.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mbeu za phwetekere musanafese, mu nkhani yosiyana.

Kodi ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe muyenera kuziyembekezera?

Pamene mukukula tomato m'matumba, zipatso zimabereka kale kwambiri kuposa pamene zakula ndi njira yachikhalidwe (pafupi masabata awiri kapena atatu pasanapite nthawi). Tomato wamkulu mu matumba ali kwambiri patsogolo pa chiwerengero cha zomera mu chitsamba chilichonse chomwe chimakula mumatseguka pansi.

Tomato ndi njira iyi ndi yochenjera kwambiri, yayikulu (chifukwa mavuto ndi kukula kwa tomato wamkulu angapezeke pano). Kulemera kwawo kungathe kufika ngakhale kilogalamu imodzi. Zipatso zoterezi sizimasokoneza, ndipo mnofu wawo ndi wofiira kwambiri komanso wambiri kuposa zipatso za tomato zomwe zimakula m'mabedi.

Zolakwika Zachizolowezi

• Kuthira mopitirira malire. Palibe chifukwa chokwera pansi, chifukwa kutuluka kwa chinyezi chokwanira kuchokera mu thumba kuli kofulumira, ndipo mizu ikhoza kuvunda.
• Kusabisa kokwanira kusanayambe kubzala kwa tomato.
• Pambuyo kukolola, nthaka ikhoza kuponyedwa mu kompositi, ndipo matumba amawasungira, momwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kangapo. Koma usanayambe kubzala, nkofunikira kukonza matumbawa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, makamaka ngati tomato akudwala.
• Chisamaliro chokwanira cha zomera pamene kutentha kumachepetsa. Ndi chithunzithunzi chozizira, muyenera kufotokozera chapamwamba chapamwamba cha thumba ndikuphimba mbande; Kwa kanthawi mukhoza kukokera matumba m'kachipinda chotentha kwambiri.
• Kusakwanira kokwanira. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, dothi ndi zitsulo kuti tipewe tomato kuti tipewe matenda, komanso kuti tisatengere zomera.

Ndendende Chifukwa cha kubzala kwa tomato m'matumba, ndi kosawatetezera ku chisanu m'chaka, pangani zinthu zabwino kuti zitukule bwino ndikupeza zokolola zabwino.