Kodi mukuda nkhaŵa kuti mbatata ndizofiirira? Nchifukwa chiyani chinachitika, choti tichite, momwe tingatetezere ku matenda?

Amaluwa ambiri amasankha kukonzekera nyengo ya chilimwe okha, osadalira mtundu wa mbande zomwe anagula. Kukonzekera kumachitika m'magulu angapo. Mbeu imakonzedwa pasadakhale, nthawi yobzala mbewu mu nthaka ikuwerengedwera, mbewu zimamera, zimamera zitsamba komanso njira yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa kuti ikule mbewu zikuyamba.

Pa nthawiyi, alimi akukumana ndi mavuto aakulu kapena matenda omera. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zosavomerezeka kawiri kawiri ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa zimayambira kapena masamba a mbande, ndipo nthawizina mumbewu yonse. Komanso, ndi mtundu wosinthika wa chomera chomwe chingathandize kudziwa mtundu wa vuto.

N'chifukwa chiyani masamba a phwetekere amatembenuka?

Chomera chopatsa thanzi chimakhala ndi tsinde lamadzi ndi masamba ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Kuwoneka pansi pa masamba a mbande zofiirira, mawanga ofiira, omwe amayamba kukhala ofiirira, amasonyeza kuti mbewu yanu ndi yopanda thanzi.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati simukuchitapo kanthu, masamba a phokoso posachedwa adzaphwanyidwa, kufota ndi kumamatira ku thunthu, kuthawa sikudzakula. Tsinde lidzakhala lolimba komanso lopanda mphamvu, mizu idzauma ndipo mbewuyo idzafa.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zingakhale zingapo.

• Chiwawa cha kutentha. Tomato ndi thermophilic zomera ndipo amamva kwambiri kutentha kwambiri. Kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino cha chitsamba ndi kupanga mapangidwe a chipatso bwino ayenera kukhala osachepera 20 ° C.

  Ngati kutentha kwa dothi kwatsikira pansi + 12 ° C, ndipo mpweya + 14 ° C, chomeracho chimasiya kutulutsa phosphorous m'nthaka, chomwe chili chofunika kwambiri kuti chitukuke. Chinthu chomwecho chimachitika pa kutentha, pamwamba pa + 40 ° C.

  Ndi chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mbali imeneyi kumakhala ndi nsalu zofiirira.

• Nthaka yosasamala. Kuti pakhale chitukuko choyenera, kukula, kupanga mapangidwe a mazira ndi kuchuluka kwa fruiting, tomato ayenera phosphorous. Ndikofunika kukonzekera nthaka yomwe ikulemera muzitsamba izi kwa mbande poyamba. Ngati nthaka ilibe phosphorous yokwanira, zomera zimadulidwa kukula ndikusintha mtundu wofiira.

  Zomwezo zimachitika ndi acidification kapena alkalization ya nthaka. Chotsatira cha mankhwala amadzimadzi chimalowa mu mawonekedwe osasunthika ndipo sichimangidwe ndi zomera. Kulephera kwa phosphorous kumabweretsa mavuto osauka a nayitrogeni, omwe amachititsanso kuti kukula kwa tomato kukhale kovuta.

• Chiwawa cha mtundu wa kuwala. Kusakhala kowala m'nyengo yozizira, komanso mbande zokomera pansi pa fitolamps, zingathenso kutsogolera mtundu wa mbande kukhala wofiira.

  Chowonadi n'chakuti mazira a phytolamp ndi ochepa, ndipo ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zoterezi za tomato wokonda dzuwa pokhapokha kuunika kwakukulu.

• Kutsowa kwa phosphorous. Mbande ya tomato pa kukula kumakhala phosphorous ndipo imawononga nthawi yonseyi.

Chochita

1. Kutentha kwa nyengo ndi kosavuta kuimika.. Ngati ndi mmera pawindo, ikani zojambula pansi pa bokosi ndikukwera kutentha kwa msana wa 18 ° C.

   Ngati zomera zimasintha mtundu mutabzala pansi mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti sizingakhale zodabwitsa kuika chimbudzi mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka mpweya wabwino kutentha.

   Zimakhalanso kuti mutabzala mbande m'nthaka ndikuzizira kosayembekezereka. Onaninso njira za agogo aakazi. Pokhala ndi chimfine chozizira, nyumba za m'nyengo za chilimwe za m'zaka zapitazi zinali zodzala ndi matayala atatu. Kuika pa bulloon, kutentha kwakukulu kunapangidwa. Panthawi ina, zida zazing'onozi zinathandiza kupulumutsa mbande ngakhale kuwala kozizira.

2. Chakudya cha dothi. Nkhaniyi ikakhala yachilengedwe, koma masamba samabwezeretsa mtundu wawo wobiriwira, amasonyeza kuti phosphorous saloledwa m'nthaka, kapena kuti sakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasungunuka. Zomwe zimayambitsa zikhoza kukonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makonzedwe okonzekera zakudya omwe ali oyenera mu mchere. Komanso, mukhoza kuthirira nthaka yokha ndi chitsamba chokha kupopera mbewu.

   Kuti mudziwe zambiri. Zimalimbikitsidwa masabata awiri musanayambe kufesa ndikudyetsa tomato ndi phosphorous. Izi zimapatsa tchire mwayi wokonzera malo atsopano ndipo pamene kutentha kumataya, mbande, ngakhale kuti zisintha mtundu, sizidzafa.

3. Feteleza ayenera kukhala mosamala. Mphuphu ya phosphorus imatha kunena molakwika pa kukula kwa tomato.

   Njira yodziwika kwambiri kwa wamaluwa ndi fetereza ya superphosphate. Iyenso ndi yabwino osati tomato. Malo otseguka amagwiritsira ntchito osakaniza wouma, omwe amapangidwa zaka ziwiri kapena ziwiri mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja asanayambe kukumba nthaka. Magalamu 40 ndi okwanira mita imodzi. Kwa mbande ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza mu mawonekedwe a madzi. Pochita izi, 20 magalamu a feteleza amadzipukutira 10 malita a madzi ndikuumiriza tsiku.

   Kwa foliar kudyetsa wamaluwa amalangiza madzi feteleza, monga Agricola. 1 supuni imadulidwa mu malita asanu a madzi. Sichikulimbikitsidwa kupitilira mlingo woyenera, kuti mupewe kutentha kwa masamba. Kutaya m'mawa ndi madzulo mumvula. Zinthu zofunikira kwambiri zimayendetsedwa kudzera masamba.

4. Musagwiritse ntchito feteleza panthawi yozizira. Kuti feteleza zikhale zogwirizana ndi zomera, kutentha kwa mpweya kumafunika kuzungulira 18 ° C.

   Kuti phosphorous isakhale yolimba ndipo imayamwa ndi tomato, nthaka imakhala ndi choko, dolomite, laimu. Kuyambira m'dzinja amabweretsa zinthu zofunika: kompositi, humus. Yongolerani moyenera mawonekedwe a nthaka siderata. Chodabwitsa chikuthandizira chida "Baikal-M". Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timachititsa dothi kukhala dothi lakuda. Mukhoza kuchigwiritsa ntchito pazigawo zonse za tomato.

5. Tomato amakonda nthaka yochepa ya acidic kapena yopanda ndale.. Kuwonjezera pa superphosphate, feteleza otsatirawa akulimbikitsidwa: Double superphosphate, Ammophos, Ammophosca, Nitrophoska, Potassium monophosphate. Ndiponso zovala zapamwamba zomwe zimabweretsedwera monga mawonekedwe a kompositi: zimatulutsa, fupa chakudya, nthenga, hawthorn, thyme.

   Manyowa osakanikirana amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pansi pazu. Phosphorous, yomwe idakhala pansi kwa zaka pafupifupi zitatu, ndi yabwino kwambiri.

6. Kuwala kwa zomera sikovuta kuimika. Sankhani zenera lakumwera. Pangani zithunzithunzi zotchinga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera za LED kuti muonjezere izi.

Kupewa Matenda

Njira zothandizira mbande zokhala ndizofunika kwambiri. Zimayesetsa kulimbikitsa ndi kuumitsa mbande komanso pakuyamba kuteteza matenda, tizirombo ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Ndipo ndi zofunika kuyambitsa kupewa kotere kuchokera ku mbewu zokha.

Ndiponso Ndi bwino kuthirira mbewu osati madzi wamba, koma ndi njira yochepa yochezera. Kuti muchite izi, supuni ya tiyi imodzi ya mankhwala yomwe ili ndi madzi owira pang'ono mpaka yosalala. Kenaka muwatsanulire mu chidebe cha lita ziwiri ndi madzi. Izi ndizoziganizira kwambiri. Ikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Posakhalitsa ulimi wothirira, kuchepetsa 100 ml ofunika ndi madzi okwanira imodzi. Njira yofooka imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha.

Mfundo zothandizira:

• Lembani mbeu mu zakudya zosakaniza.
• Kukonzekera kwa nthaka kolemera mu zochitika komanso ndi otsika acidity.
• Nthawi zonse kudyetsa mbande, makamaka musanadzalemo pansi.
• Kusunga nyengo ndi kutentha.
• Kuthirira kwabwino kwa nthawi yake.
• Kuteteza koletsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mankhwala, Home, Zopinga, zotchinga.

Kugwirizana ndi njirazi kumapewa mavuto ambiri ndipo kudzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zokolola zabwino, zamphamvu ndi zokoma!