Cherry Morozovka - yozizira-olimba komanso chokoma wokhala m'minda

Cherry ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino komanso zotchuka m'munda. Yakula mu Russia kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 12. Oberetsa samakhala mozungulira ndikupanga mitundu yatsopano, kuyesa kupeza ma cherries omwe amaphatikiza zabwino zokha - chokoma, chophukira bwino pamalo osavomerezeka, omwe sakhala ndi matenda amwala. Zosiyanasiyana Morozovka ali nazo zonse zomwe zalembedwa.

Kufotokozera zamitundu yamatcheri Morozovka

Amatcheri a Morozovka adawonetsedwa ku I.V. All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture Michurin mu 1997. Wolemba mitunduyi ndi Tamara Morozova, pomwe chitumbuwacho chidadziwika. "Makolo" a Morozovka ndi amtchuthi a Lyubskaya ndi Vladimirskaya, omwe adasankhidwa kuti akhale ndi zipatso zambiri zoyambirira komanso zachisanu zomwe zimakana chifukwa chachiwiri.

Zipatso za Morozovka zipsa pamitengo yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisatenge

Kutalika kwa mtengo wa Morozovka kumafikira 2-2,5 m. Korona amakhala wozungulira, wamtunda wapakati, wotukulidwa. Makungwa ake ndi a bulauni, ophukira ndi obiriwira, obiriwira wamkulu. Masamba ndi owongoka, osalala, osawoneka m'mphepete, opakidwa utoto wobiriwira, tiziwalo tofiira timakhala tating'ono pamunsi. Impso zooneka ngati dzira zimasokera pang'ono kuchokera kumabowo.

Kutalika kwa mtengo wa chitumbuwa Morozovka - pafupifupi 2 m

Kufalikira kwa Morozovka kumayamba mu Epulo: 5-7 maluwa akuluakulu ofiira komanso oyera ndi oyera omwe amakhala ndi maluwa onenepa. Kubala kumachitika theka lachiwiri la Julayi. Zomera zoyambirira (mpaka 200 g) kuchokera pamtengowo zitha kupezeka mchaka cha 3-4 mutabzala.

Zizindikiro za zipatso zamatcheri akuluakulu zimasiyana. Kutengera ndi kukula kwa zinthu, amatha kubweretsa kuchokera ku 10 mpaka 30 makilogalamu a zipatso. Zipatso za Frosty pamitengo yayitali, yayikulu (4-5 g iliyonse), yozungulira, yokhala ndi recess pansi. Khungu ndi thupi lawo limakhala lofanana ndi lofiirira wakuda kapena burgundy. Fupa silili lalikulu kwambiri, kuchokera ku yowutsa mudyo, koma zamkati zolimba zimasiyanitsidwa mosavuta. Zipatsozi ndizotsekemera kwambiri, ndiye kuti pali wowawasa wosangalatsa wowawasa. Zipatso zimatha kudyedwa zatsopano komanso kukonzedwa (kupanikizana, jamu, timadziti, zakumwa za zipatso, zakumwa, makeke, ndi zina zambiri) osataya kukoma kwawo. Zotsatira zake zimanyamulidwa bwino.

Zipatso za Frosty - lokoma, yowutsa mudyo, ndi zamkati zonona

Mtengo suthana ndi nyengo youma, ambiri fungal matenda, kuphatikizapo coccomycosis (mu State Kulembetsa kukana kwapakati akuwonetsedwa), imalekerera kutentha pang'ono yozizira bwino. Koma mwayiwu umakhala ndi mbali: ngati mbewu yabzalidwe m'madera omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti maluwa, komanso maluwa nthawi yobwerera, amatha kuvutika. Monga mitundu yambiri yamatcheri oswana, Morozovka ndiwofatsa.

Kubzala yamatcheri

Dothi lodzala Morozovka liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso kukhala ndi acidity acid, ngalande zabwino kuti chinyezi chambiri chisadziunjikemo. Nthaka, mchenga, dothi lamchenga ndizoyenera. Dera lokwanira kukula ndi kutulutsa kwamatcheri ndi malo owala bwino, abwino, opanda mitambo kapena kuwombera.

Ngati madzi apansi panthaka ali osakwana 1.5 m, ndiye ndikofunikira kupanga kukweza.

Amabzala Morozovka mu Marichi; ndizothekanso kuchita izi mu Seputembala. Pakubzala, mmera wazaka 2 zokhazikitsidwa ndi korona wopangidwa amasankhidwa, koma mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito chithunzithunzi cha chaka chimodzi. Pakubzala masika, mbande ziyenera kusankhidwa mu kugwa, chifukwa panthawiyi kusankha kwawo ndikokwera kwambiri.

Njira zikuluzikulu pakusankha zinthu zobzala

• kutalika kwa mitengo - osachepera 1 mita;
• m'mimba mwake - kuchokera 10 mm;
• kutalika kwa mizu - osachepera 20 cm;
• khungwa pa thunthu ndi la utoto, losalala, ndipo kulibe ming'alu kapena kukhomedwa pamalo a inoculation.

Kuti mizu ya mmera isamere pamene mukutenga mtengo kumtengako, muyenera kuwakulunga ndi nsalu yoyesera (mwachitsanzo, burlap) ndikuyika mu cellophane. Mpaka masika, mbande siziyenera kusiyidwa pansi. Chifukwa chake, kuti kuzizira kuzizira, amakumba dzenje, lakuya kwake lomwe liyenera kukhala 30-35 masentimita, ndikuyika mitengoyo pamakona a 45^za (kale idamasulidwa ku nsalu ndi chikwama chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendera). Kenako mizu ndi gawo la thunthu (pafupifupi 25 cm) limakutidwa ndi lapansi ndikusiyidwa mu mawonekedwe awa mpaka nthawi yobzala.

Masiteti ndi njira yofikira

Malangizo okokera pang'onopang'ono amaphatikizapo njira zingapo.

Kukonzekera kwa dzenje

Chiwembu chotalika mamilimita pafupifupi 2,52,5,5 chimaperekedwa pansi pa mtengo umodzi. Dzenje lobzala limakonzedweratu (pafupifupi mwezi) kuti nthaka ikhazikike pamenepo. Makulidwewo amasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nthaka. Humus kapena kompositi yofanana m'njira zoyenera, 1 makilogalamu a phulusa, 30-40 g ya superphosphate, 20-25 g ya potaziyamu kloride amawonjezeranso. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimatsanuliridwanso kudzenje.

Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, dongo, ndiye kuti mchenga (zidebe za 1-2) zimawonjezeredwa.

Bowo lobzala liyenera kukhala lalikulu lalikulu kuti mizu itakulidwe bwino

Kubzala mmera

Khola laling'ono lalitali 15 cm limapangidwa pakatikati pa dzenje lokonzedwa, pomwe mizu ya mmera imakhalapo. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti pasawononge mizu. Pakadali pano, khosi la mizu liyenera kukwera masentimita 5 pamwamba pa dzenje. Cherimu wachichepere ndithudi mufunika kuthandizidwa kufikira mizu itakula bwino. Kenako dzenjelo limadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi mpaka m'mphepete ndipo limasunthidwa mosamala, ndipo mmera umamangirizidwa ku msomali ndi ntchafu eyiti.

Mwa chojambula chowoneka bwino, mutha kumvetsetsa zovuta zakufika

Chisamaliro chaching'ono cha chitumbuwa

Mutabzala, mbande zimathirira ndi zidebe za 2-3 zamadzi ofunda ndipo khoma lam'mphepete limapangidwa kuchokera pansi kuti apange bowo lothirira. Iyenera kukhala pa mtunda wa 25-30 cm kuchokera pa thunthu la chitumbuwa. Mzere wa thunthu ndi wokulungika (masentimita 3-5) wa utuchi, kompositi, peat, zokutira, humus kapena nthaka yatsopano.

Kusintha kwa Cherry

Kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo ndi yochulukirapo komanso yabwinobwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizipereka zipatso zamatchuke osiyanasiyana. Chokwanira:

• Griot wa Michurinsky,
• Zhukovskaya
• Turgenevka,
• Lebedyanskaya
• Vladimirskaya.

Maonekedwe a kulima ndi zochenjera za chisamaliro

Dongosolo losamalira chitumbuwa limaphatikizapo kuthirira, kumasula dothi, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira, kuteteza nthawi yachisanu, komanso kupewa tizirombo, komanso kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda.

Kutsirira Morozovka ndi kusamalira nthaka

Mtengo wachikulire uyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata m'mawa ndi madzulo, kugwiritsa ntchito zidebe za madzi 1-1,5. Ndikofunikira kuti chinyezi chisamire pansi, koma chimalowa mpaka pamizu. Kuti muchite izi, pafupifupi masentimita 10-15 a dothi akhoza kuchotsedwa kuzungulira thunthu, lomwe m'mimba mwake limagwirizana ndi korona. Mukathirira, namsongole ayenera kuchotsedwa kuti asatenge michere pansi, komanso kumasula dothi.

Ngakhale Morozovka bwino salekerera chilala, kuthirira ndikofunikira kuti zipse zipatso zapamwamba

Ntchito feteleza

Kuzizira kumaperekedwa ndi michere kawiri pachaka - kasupe ndi yophukira. Izi zimachitika pafupipafupi pazaka 7 zoyambirira za moyo wa chitumbuwa. Pambuyo pake, pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba kumachepetsedwa ndikumayambitsa feteleza wa mineral zaka ziwiri zilizonse, ndi organic kamodzi kamodzi pazaka 4. Komanso, mukadzala dothi, ndiye kuti mutha kuyamba kupanga umuna mutatha zaka ziwiri mukugwiritsa ntchito chiwembuchi:

1. Pa chaka cha 3 mu nthawi ya masika, 30 g ya ammonium nitrate imasungunuka mu 10 l lamadzi ndikulowetsa dzenje la mphete pogwiritsa ntchito 5 l yankho pamtengo uliwonse.
2. M'chaka cha 4, 140 g ya urea imayambitsidwa kukumba, ndipo pakugwa, komanso mukumba, makilogalamu 15 a kompositi akuwonjezeredwa.
3. Kwa chaka cha 5-6, ammophosque osungunuka m'madzi amatengedwa (30 g pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi) ndikuthira m'dzenje.
4. Chapakatikati pa chaka cha 7, 250 g wa urea amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mukugwa, mutha kupanga feteleza ovuta.

Korona wodulira

Kudulira Morozovka kuyenera kukhala chochitika chokhazikika, chifukwa nthambi zake zimakula msanga ndikukhazikika korona. Izi zimabweretsa kuti mphamvu yayikulu ya mtengo imatsogozedwa ndikukula kwa gawo lobiriwira, ndipo zipatso zimachepera. Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kasupe, pakadali nthawi yochulukirapo asanatsuke ndi kutumphuka kwa impso.

Mpaka chitumbuwa chimabala zipatso, mafupa ake akupanga. Panthawi imeneyi, nthambi zonse zomwe zimakhala kutali ndi masentimita 30 kuchokera pansi zimachotsedwa pamtengo. Pambuyo pazaka 2-3, kuchokera ku nthambi 10 mpaka 15 zimatsalira pansi pamafupa, omwe amapanga mawonekedwe amu korona. Nthambi siziyenera kudutsa ndikugwirizana kwambiri. Mphukira zomwe zidzawonekere panthambizi sizimachotsedwa. Zotsalira zokhazokha ndizomwe kukula kwake kumayendetsedwa mkati mwa korona. Mu zaka zotsatira, kudulira mwaukhondo kumachitika - mu nthawi yophukira komanso m'dzinja, odwala, owuma, achikulire, nthambi zosabala zipatso zimachotsedwa, kutalika kwake kumasinthidwa kuti athe kuthandizira kusankha zipatso. Nthawi yomweyo, mphukira zimafupikitsidwa kuti kutalika kwake ndi 50-60 cm.

Kuzizira kumayambira kukulitsa korona, kotero kudulira ndikofunikira muyezo wosamalira mitengo

Zida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kudulira (saw, pruner, mpeni) ziyenera kukhala zakuthwa ndikuthira mankhwala. Pakukonza malo amadothi gwiritsani ntchito var Var.

Vidiyo: Kudulira kwa Cherry

Pogona nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira

Amatcheri a Morozovka anali odulidwa monga mitundu yosagwirizana ndi chisanu yozizira ndipo amawalekerera bwino. Koma kupereka malo owonjezerawa sikungakhale kopanda phokoso nthawi yozizira, komanso makamaka ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yoopsa.

M'dzinja, ndikofunikira kutola masamba onse omwe agwa mozungulira yamatcheri, ndikuyeretsa mtengowo kuchokera ku makungwa akufa ndi lichens. Mtengo usanazime, mtengowo uyenera kukhala ndi malo osungiramo nthawi yophukira, womwe umasungidwa ndi mulching. Kuteteza thunthu ndi nthambi zazikulu kuti zisaume ndi dzuwa, zimayeretsedwa. Kuti thunthu silikhala ndi mbewa, akalulu kapena makoswe ena, ndikofunikira kumukulunga ndi nsalu zowuma (zofunikira padenga, burlap, burlap kapena ukonde).

Mukabyala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsalira za mbewu zomwe zasungidwa m'mundamo kapena kudulira udzu pamalowo.

Kanema: Kukonza dimba nthawi yozizira

Kuti masamba osalimba ndi inflorescence a Morozovka asavutike chifukwa cha kuzizira, mutha kukulunga mtengowo ndi spanbond usiku. Komabe, njirayi singagwire ntchito ngati mtengowo ndi wokulirapo. Njira ina yodzitetezera ndi njira ya utsi, pomwe ziphuphu zimapangidwa m'mundamo ndipo chophimba cha utsi chomwe chimapangidwa chimapereka kutentha kofunikira. Motowo uyenera kuyamwa ndi kufukiza utsi, osati kumangoyatsidwa. Chifukwa chake, maziko ake akhoza kukhala udzu, masamba akale, nthambi zouma, manyowa. Koma aziwotchedwa zosaphika, kapena zokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza ndi lonyowa - peat kapena moss.

Njira ina yopulumutsira yamatcheri mu zoterezi ndikumakwaza, madzi akamakungidwa kuzungulira mitengo kudzera pa sprayer, yomwe imakhazikika panthambi. Kuzizira, madzi amatulutsa kutentha.

Matenda ndi tizirombo, njira zolimbana nawo

Monga aliyense woimira zipatso zamwala, Morozovka amatha kudwala ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pachikhalidwe ichi:

• Moniliosis (moto woyaka). Masamba a Cherry amasintha chikasu, chowuma ndikugwa. M'mawonekedwe awo, zikuwoneka kuti awotchedwa. Mawanga amdima pamtundu wa zipatso, zipatsozo zimaleka kukula ndikuuma. Matendawa sangayambike, apo ayi mtengowo sungathe kupulumutsidwa. Mankhwala, chithandizo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi amtundu wa 2-3% Bordeaux (mpaka masamba ataphuka). Ngati matendawa amawonekera pambuyo pake, koma maluwa sanayambebe, Bordeaux fluid kapena Horus kapena Skor kukonzekera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
  

  Moniliosis imatha "kuwuma" osati masamba amodzi, koma mtengo wonse wa chitumbuwa

• Bowa wa fodya. Ndi matendawa, akhungu lophimba lakuda pachomera, lomwe limathetseka mosavuta, koma limalepheretsa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya kuti usalowe mu chitumbuwa, chomwe chimayambitsa kufa kwa masamba ndi zipatso kapena kungowononga mawonekedwe awo. Wood amatha kuthandizidwa ndi mayankho a mkuwa wa chloroxide, Bordeaux madzi kapena 150 g wa sopo ndi 5 g wamkuwa wa sulfate kuchepetsedwa mu 10 L madzi.
  

  Ngakhale chinsalu cha bowa chofinya chimachotsedwa mosavuta, matendawa amafunikanso chithandizo chofanana ndi matenda ena onse.
• Kleasterosporiosis (wowona malo). Kwa matendawa, mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a bulauni pamasamba amakhala amtundu, kudzera pazitsegulire kenako amapezeka m'malo omwe amawonekera. Mtsogolomo, matendawa amafalikira zipatso, amapukuta ndikugwa pansi. Zigawo zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa (ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchita izi m'dzinja musanazizire yamatcheri), mitengo imathandizidwa ndi 3% Bordeaux fluid.
  

  Ndikosavuta kuzindikira kleasterosporiosis ndi malire ofiira okhazikika mabowo papepala

• Kuzindikira kwa Gum. Zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makina pa thunthu, kutentha kwa dzuwa, chisanu champhamvu, kudulira kosayenera. Wood resin (chingamu) amawonekera pamtengo. Iyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ndikutsuka ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa kuti mutenge gawo laling'ono la minofu yathanzi, kenako ndikuthira mankhwala m'deralo ndi mkuwa wa sulfate solution (1%), ndikukhomerera bala ndi var var ya m'munda.
  

  Kudzikongoletsa ndi koopsa chifukwa kumakola mtengo

Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa chisanu ku Morozovka ndichochepa. Komabe, kusamala kuyenera kuchitika ngati matendawa apezeka muzikhalidwe zoyandikana.

Njira zopewera:

• nyengoyo ikatha, chotsani masamba ake obala zipatso ndi zipatso zotsalira panthambi;
• chotsani ndi kukonza mbali zake za chomera zomwe zawonongeka mwaumakina;
• musabzale mitengo yamatcheri ndi mitengo ina yazipatso moyandikana kwambiri ndikuletsa kukula kwa korona;
• pewani kusayenda kwamadzi nthawi yothirira, mvula yambiri kapena matalala osungunuka;
• perekani zakudya zoyenera panthawi yake kuti mtengowo usafooke.

Tizilombo Tizilombo Tosachedwa Kuteteza

Kuzizira kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za chitumbuwa. Kuti muzindikire za nthawi yake, muyenera kuyang'ana mitengoyo nthawi ndi nthawi. Nsabwe za m'mimba zimakhala mkati mwa masamba, komanso masamba ang'onoang'ono. Zowonongeka za chomera ziuma ndikufa. Njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera tizilombo:

• tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, Spark kapena Fitoverm (koma sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yakucha kapena kututa);
• lamba womatira pa thunthu, lomwe limatha kukhala filimu, makatoni, zinthu zosaluka ndi zomatira (ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi 1 pamwezi);
• ngati chipatsocho chayamba kale kutulutsa maluwa, nthambizo amathanso kuthandizidwa ndimtsinje wamphamvu wochotsa tizilombo;
• Chimodzi mwazomwe mungachite kuti muthwiritse ntchito poyeserera ndi kubzala mbewu yomwe ili pafupi ndi yamatcheri omwe amapanga mafuta ofunikira omwe amachepetsa tizirombo - katsabola, marigold, thyme, horseradish.

Tizilombo tina tomwe timavulaza ndi njenjete. Magawo osiyanasiyana a mbewu amadya mbozi za gulugufe. Chapakatikati, zimatha kulowa mu impso, zomwe sizingathenso. M'nthawi ina, masamba ndi masamba amawonongeka ndi njenjete, achinyamata amaphukira mbozi. Mutha kumvetsetsa kuti mtengo umakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tomwe timadziwika ndi mtundu wa cobweb yemwe amakhalabe pa chitumbuwa.

Mitengo isanaphuke ndi nthawi yophukira, mitengo iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi Spark kapena Karbofos. Ndipo kuti awononge pupae ndi mbozi m'nthaka, ziyenera kukumbidwa pomwe maluwa amatulutsa.

Zithunzi Zojambula: Tizilombo Tikuwononga

Ndemanga za chitumbuwa Morozovka

Kharitonovskaya ndi Morozovka amasangalala ndi kukoma, zipatso ndi zokulirapo kuposa mitundu yakale. Pa ma cherries akale chaka chatha panali moniliosis yamatcheri; ndinayenera kudula nthambi zambiri.Kharitonovskaya ndi Morozovka anayima oyera, osagonjetsedwa.

Lyudmila62

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/46170/page-125

Mwa mitundu yomwe ikukula m'munda mwanga, kukhala ndi kupatukana kwa zipatso, kukhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya flavour, mitundu ya Morozovka, Zhukovskaya, Oktava, Assol. Mitundu yonse imamera mumitengo yopatula kwa zaka zambiri. Mitengo Zhukovskaya ndi Octave zaka 25, Morozovka zaka 20.

Victor Bratkin

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&p=577683&hilit=frost#p577683

Dzipangeni nokha kukhala kosangalatsa kulima. Mukamasamalira ma cherries ali ndi zake zobisika, koma ndichimodzi mwazikhalidwe zomwe sizabwino kwambiri. Ndipo mitundu ya Morozovka ikhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa woyambira munda wokhazikika komanso woyamba.