Poppy ndi mbewu yomwe idadziwika kuyambira kale ku Roma - "povas" - juisi yamkaka. Ponseponse, mitundu pafupifupi 100 imadziwika, koma m'dziko lathu limamera 75. Mbewuyi idadza kwa ife kuchokera ku zipululu za Australia ndi Central Asia ndi nthaka yamiyala. Duwa lakuthwa pa tsinde losalala kapena ngati singano limawoneka ngati wofiira, wotuwa wofiirira, lalanje, wachikaso, wamaso awiri kapena wamtundu wamaluwa. Mitundu ya poppy ya m'munda imakhala yofewa, nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiyira komanso yachikuda, ndipo njere m'bokosi.
Ndi chifukwa cha mbewu kuti ndizoletsedwa kukula mitundu ina ya poppy ku Russia. Mitundu yake yambiri imakhala ndi opiamu, yomwe, ngakhale imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala (pothana ndi kusowa tulo komanso matenda okhumudwa), ndi chinthu cha narcotic (zolembera za opium zidadziwika kalekale m'maiko aku Arab ndi ku China).
Zosiyanasiyana za poppy: peony, wam'mbuyomo ndi ena
Choletsedwa kukula:
- Hypnotics, opium (P. somniferun).
- Bristle-bear (P. setigerum).
- Bract (P. bracteatum).
- Kummawa (P. orientale).
Ma poppies apachaka
| Onani Gulu | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
Hypnotic, opium (P. somniferum)
| Kufikira 100 cm. Zomera zake ndi zobiriwira zakuda, glossy, masamba, kufupi ndi inflorescence, more elliptical. Maluwa kumatenga milungu 4. | Pafupifupi 10 masentimita, ma phale amatha kukhala wamba kapena pawiri, a mitundu yosiyanasiyana - ofiira, achikaso, maroon, atofiirira okhala ndi mawanga amdima kapena oyera, amagwa ndi kulowa kwa dzuwa. Kuletsedwa kukula. |
| Peony, mapiritsi ogona (P. somniferum)
| Kukumbukiranso kwa peony woyeza masentimita 15. Mtunduwo umapangika kuchokera ku inki mpaka wakuda, mawu awiri okhala ndi malangizo opindika, pinki yofiyira, yofiyira komanso yoyera. | |
| Samoseyka, kuthengo (P. rhoeas)
| Tsinde limakula mpaka 60 cm, limakutidwa ndi tsitsi, pafupi ndi muzu masamba amawoneka ngati osakanikirana, osiyana, pa tsinde logawika patatu. | Choyera, chofiirira, chamakorali okhala ndi m'mphepete zakuda, pinki yokhala ndi pakati pakuda imapezeka mu utoto. Inflorescence yocheperako 10 cm mulimakhala wamba kapena pawiri |
| Caucasian wofiira (P. commutatum) kapena Kusinthidwa (P. commutatum)
| Amakula mpaka 70 cm. | Cirrus, awiri olekanitsidwa ndi pakati wakuda mpaka 20 cm. Limamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Sepemba. |
| Pikoko (P. pavoninum) | Nthambi zimazunguliridwa kumapeto kwa masentimita 3-5, phesi limakhala lophwanyika, masamba amakhala obiriwira bwino. | Amatha kukhala osiyana mithunzi, terry, komanso wamba. Limamasula pakati pa chilimwe. |
Ma poppies osatha
| Onani Gulu | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
Kummawa
| Imafikira 1 m, phesi ndi lowongoka, lamtunda, lothothoka, masamba amapindika, amatayika, amafupika. Amaluwa m'milungu iwiri yokha. | Maluwa ofiira owala mpaka 20cm kukula kwake ndi pakati wakuda. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya coral yokhala ndi chikuto chaching'ono chamdima, maluwa okongola a lalanje, kuyambira phulusa loyera mpaka pinki yotuwa, adadulidwa. Kuletsedwa kukula. |
| Alpine (P. alpinum L.) | Chomera chotsika mpaka 0,5 m, chokhala ndi masamba ochulukirapo. | Kukula kwa inflorescence sikupitirira 4 cm, maluwa amatha kukhala lalanje, oyera ndi ofiira. |
| Rockbreaker (P. rupifragum) | Biennial, pachimake mchaka cha 2 ndi kuyamba kwa masika, amakula pafupifupi masentimita 45, wokhala ndi masamba ambiri. | Mitundu yambiri yosalala kuchokera ku lalanje yakuda mpaka tint ya njerwa imawoneka pa tsinde. |
Ice-cream, Iceland
| Imakula mpaka 0.5 m, tsinde ndi spiny, masamba ake ndi obiriwira, amawongoleredwa pansi. Mwezi wa Meyi, maluwa ndi maluwa mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Itha kuyikidwa m'mbale. | Kukula kwa inflorescence mpaka 5 cm ndi wamba kapena pawiri, maluwawo amakhala ofiira, achikaso, oyera kapena ofiira okhathamira achikasu. |
| Saffron (P. croceum) | Imatambika mpaka 30 cm, masamba obiriwira amdima kapena opepuka, aubweya. Limamasula kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya kumapeto kwa Okutobala, dziko la mitundu iyi ndi Eastern Siberia, Central Asia ndi Mongolia. Chomera chokwanira poizoni (kuyambira pa tsinde ndikutha ndi duwa). | Kukula kwa inflorescence mpaka 20 cm, mtundu wa ma petals ndi wachikasu mpaka lalanje. |
Kubzala poppy poyera
Maluwa otulutsa maluwa amayamba kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala, amakhala pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mbewuyo ndi yobala.
Mwa mitundu yonse ya ma poppies, makamaka dimba, kudziyika nokha ndibwino. Bokosilo likaphulika ndipo mbewu zikasunthidwa m'nthaka mothandizidwa ndi mphepo kapena njuchi pansi pa nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti poppy isangalatsa mbande zoyambilira.
Nthaka iliyonse ndiyabwino - yamchenga yapamwamba komanso yosatenga mbali.
Kuti chomera chitchuke kwa nthawi yayitali, chimayenera kudulidwamo mabokosi atayamba kumangidwa.
Kuphatikiza podzibzala, poppy m'munda mutha kubzalidwe ndi nthangala zochokera pabokosi lomweli. Masamba akatuluka ndipo akuwoneka kuti akusweka m'mphepete, mutha kuyambiramo zinthu.
Ndikwabwino kufesa mchaka, chilimwe chonse chidzakondwera ndi maluwa ake, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mulibe madzi apansi panthaka. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe malo okhala ndi dzuwa, popeza chomera ichi chinabwera kwa ife kuchokera kumadera achipululu, ndibwino kukonzekera dothi kuchokera m'nthaka wamba m'mundamo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kompositi yophatikizidwa ndi nthaka. Ndikwabwino kukulitsa mbewu ndi 3 masentimita, kubzala pamtunda wa 5-10 cm, kumapeto, madzi.
Chisamaliro cha Poppy
Kusamalira dimba poppy ndikosavuta - sikutanthauza pogona nthawi yozizira, pachilala ndibwino kuthirira ndi kuthira manyowa, koma sikofunikira. Ndikofunika kumasula dothi ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Zomera za pachaka zitamasulidwa zidatulutsidwa pansi ndikuzitaya, mbewu yosatha.
Kufalitsa kwa poppy
Komanso, poppy itha kudulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kudula - mutatha maluwa, mphukira zam'mphepete (mbali) zimadulidwa ndikubzyala m'nthaka mbewuzo zikadula mizu, zimasulidwa ndikukula zaka zina 1-2.
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta poppy
| Mutu | Zizindikiro Mawonekedwe pamasamba | Njira kukonza |
| Powdery mildew | Chophimbidwa ndi zokutira oyera. | Dilute 50 ml ya koloko mu njira yamadzi kapena mu 10 l madzi amkuwa a chloride 40 g, nadzatsuka masamba. |
| Downy khosi | Amakhala opindika komanso yokutidwa ndi mawanga a bulauni, mkatikati amapota utoto. | Gwiritsani ntchito njira zomwezo monga ufa wa powdery. |
| Fusarium | Masamba ndi phesi zimakutidwa ndi mawanga amdima, mabokosi amakwinyika. | Zomera zimachotsedwa, ndipo nthaka imakhetsedwa ndi yankho la fungicide. |
| Alternariosis | Amabala obiriwira pamasamba. | Poppy imakhetsedwa ndi burgundy osakaniza, Kuprosat, Fundazol. |
| Weevil | Tizilombo timene timadya timakhala pansi. | Musanadzalemo m'dothi onjezerani 10% Bazulin kapena 7% Chlorophos. |
| Ma nsabwe | Chikwangwani chakuda chakuda cha nsikidzi pam masamba ndi zimayambira. | Sambani masamba ndi tsinde ndi madzi a Antitlin kapena soapy. |
Popewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, ndibwino kubzala poppy malo omwewo mosiyana zaka zitatu.
Zothandiza poppy
Mbeu za poppy zimakhala ndi zinthu zonse zofufuza:
- ma alkaloids;
- flavonoids;
- organic zidulo;
- mafuta ndi glycosides;
- agologolo.
Mafuta a poppy ndi zida zofunikira kwambiri zopangira zodzikongoletsera komanso mankhwala.
Kuyambira m'masiku akale a Greece, ma painkiller ndi mapiritsi ogona a poppy adadziwika. Posachedwa, mbewu zake zinagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothandizira kutsokomola, ankachiritsa matenda am'mimba, kutupa kwa mitsempha yodwala, kugona, zotupa, kamwazi komanso kutsekula m'mimba.
Poppy sayenera kutengedwa ndi ana osakwana zaka 2, okalamba, anthu omwe ali ndi pulmonary emphysema, komanso omwe amadalira mowa.
