Maluwa okongola kwambiri lobelia samafuna kubzala zovuta ndi kusamalira.
Choncho, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa molimba mtima kupanga chomera pa tsamba lanu. Momwe tingachitire izi, tidzakambirana zambiri.
Lobelia: kufotokoza kwa mbewu
Lobelia ndi chaka ndi chaka, ndipo ndi chisamaliro china ndi chosatha cha shrub kapena therere. Amanena kuti ndi banja la Lobelian, ngakhale kuti ena amakonda kuliitcha ngati belu. Maluwawo amakula mu chitsamba chokwanira ndi masentimita 10-20. Mitundu ina ya zomera imatha kufika mamita limodzi ndi theka m'litali.
Bushiness ikukwaniritsidwa chifukwa chakuti wochepa zimayambira akadali pansi kumayamba ku nthambi. Zopanda kanthu, zimaphimbidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, pamene maluwawo amakhalabe ochepa. Inflorescences amafika 2 masentimita awiri ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi buluu, wofiirira, navy, wofiirira kapena woyera.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chinatchedwa dzina la Dutch botanist ndi mtsogoleri wa Royal Botanical Garden pansi pa Jacob I Matthias de L'Aubel. Ngakhale kuti dziko lawo likuonedwa kuti ndi South Africa, lero likukula paliponse, ndipo ngakhale kugwidwa m'madera a lamba wapakati. Masiku ano, mitundu yoposa 300 ya chomera ichi imadziwika, koma timagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 20.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa imapangitsa kuti pakhale mapangidwe a munda ndi malo a kumbuyo, kumene lobelia yabzalidwa.
Mmene mungamerekere lobelia ku mbewu
Funso la momwe mungabzalitsire lobelia lingathetsedwe m'njira zingapo, koma yabwino kwambiri komanso yofala ndiyo kufesa.
Ndikofunikira! Posankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, ganizirani za mitundu yambiri yomwe yakhala ikukula mu nthawi yayitali. Izi zikuphatikizapo Lobelia Inftala, Emperor Willy, Crystal Palace, Riviera, Ezhevidnaya, Kaskadnaya, Kustovaya, Cardinalis, Blue, Aquarium, Ampelnaya ndi ena.
Momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala
Kubzala lobelia pa mbande kumayamba ndi kusankha kosankhidwa nthaka kusakaniza. Mukhoza kugula gawo lapansi mu sitolo kuti mukhale ndi maluwa, kapena mukhoza kukonzekera nokha. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani mofanana ndi mchenga, peat, humus, nkhalango.
Ziribe kanthu chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito substrate, iyo iyenera kupyedwa mu mesh kapena sieve yaikulu, komanso disinfected. Pochita izi, amathirira madzi ndi njira yothetsera fungicide kapena kutentha pamatentha, mwachitsanzo, mu microwave. Kapena mosiyana, iwo amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali mu kuzizira.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za lobelia
Posankha nthawi yobzala lobelia patseguka, kumbukirani kuti mutabzala izo imamasula mu masabata 8-10. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito kaseti yapadera ya mbande, maselo omwe ali akuya masentimita asanu.
Pansi pazigawo zonse za khungwa, udothi wochuluka kapena madzi ena, ndi kutsanulira pamwamba pa nthaka yosenda. Ndi madzi okwanira ndipo amapereka chinyontho kuti chikhale pansi. Ndipo kenaka amagona ndi mbewu zosiyana ndi mchenga.
Ndikofunikira! Amayamba kufesa lobelia kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa February kufikira kumapeto kwa March, ngakhale alimi omwe akudziwa kuti akukonzekera kuti azichita izo kumapeto kwa March. Chomera chofesedwa panthawiyi chidzasintha patangopita nthawi yochepa kuposa February, koma mavuto omwe akukula nawo adzakhala ochepa.
Kufesa kuli ndi makhalidwe ake omwe. Mbewu za zomera zingagulitsidwe mochuluka, ndipo zikhoza kukhala mu granules, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mbewu 5 mpaka 8. Granules amafalikira patali pafupifupi 3 mpaka 4 masentimita.
Ngati nkhumba zimagwidwa m'matumba, ziyeneranso kufesedwa ndi njira yobisala. Chifukwa cha izi, mbewu zimatsanuliridwa pa pepala, pentile yowonongeka imatengedwa, nsongayo imakanizidwa ndi madzi ndi kukhudza.
Kenaka pensulo imalowetsedwa pansi ndikuchepa pang'ono kuti mbewuzo zikhale pansi. Zomera zomwe zimamera motere zimamera chitsamba, ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuziwombera.
Mukudziwa? Anthu omwe akufuna kukula maluwa m'mabhasiketi angakhale osasamala za mbande, koma nthawi yomweyo kutsanulira mbeuzo pansi, kuziika m'miphika, kuziphimba ndi filimu ndikuyiyika pawindo. Idzatha pachimake kusiyana ndi njira ya mmera, koma mutha kubweretsa maluwa kumunda.
Nkofunika kuti musadzaze mbewuzo ndi nthaka, mwinamwake iwo sangamere. Iwo mopepuka amwazidwa ndi mchenga kuti asunge chinyezi, ndipo pang'ono amapopera ndi madzi. Kasetiyi ili ndi filimu yopanga microclimate ndikuyiyika pamalo abwino, koma ndi kuwala kochepa.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji
Posankha momwe mungamerekere mbande za lobelia kunyumba, chonde onani kuti lobelia akuwopa kuyanika nthaka. Choncho, ngati kutentha kwa firimu kuli pamwamba pa 22 ° C, filimuyo silingakonzedwe kuchotsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira ndondomeko yothirira madzi, osalola dothi kuti liume.
Mbeu za Lobelia ndizosavuta. Mukamwetsa pamwamba, akhoza kugwada ndi kufa. Choncho, anthu ambiri amakonda kusunga chinyezi chofunikira, ndipo amawonjezera chinyezi ku poto.
Mwa njira, ngati mumamwa madzi zomera kuti madzi asawagwire, adzawapulumutsa ku matendawa ndi mwendo wakuda. Popeza lobelia imabzalidwa ndi tchire, ndiye pakati pawo mukhoza kupanga zochepa zazing'ono, ndikuzidzaza ndi madzi kuchokera ku sitiroko.
Njira yomweyi ikhoza kuthiridwa madzi pamakoma a chidebe. Ndikoyenera kuti mupite kwa izo kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu, zomwe ziri zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chomera chikulimbitsa. Ndiye mungathe kukana izi.
Ponena za mphamvu ya kutentha, ndiye kuti mbewu zimakhalabe pansi pa kutentha, koma ngati mukufuna mphukira kuonekera mofulumira, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala 20-22ºC.
Pakubwera kwa mphukira yoyamba, ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika 15ºC pokhapokha mutasunthira chotengera kupita kuwindo lawindo. Kumbukirani kuti mphukira pansi pa filimuyo imayenera kuwonetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndikuchotsedwa.
Samalani kuunikira. Ndi tsiku lalifupi lowala mu February, kuunikira kwina kuyenera kukonzedwa kuti mbeu zisakule. Mu March, ngakhale mbande ziyikidwa kumbali ya kumwera, zochitika zoterozo zidzakhala zosasangalatsa.
Mphukira zoyamba zimaoneka mwachilungamo m'masiku 7-10. M'mwezi woyamba amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma kukula kumafulumira. Pamene zimamera kufika 1 cm, filimuyi imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono.
Miyezi iwiri itatha kufesa, ikayamba kukula kwa masentimita 3-4, 3-4 imatha kuthamanga, ndipo pamene kutalika kwa mphukira kufika pa 6-7 masentimita, zimapangidwanso kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Cholakwika chachikulu ndi chofala kwambiri pakukula mbande za zomera ndi mwadzidzidzi kanema kuchotsedwa pamene woyamba sunrises kuonekera. Kuchokera ku zovuta zoterezi, akhoza kufa masana.
Kuthamanga kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magulu, kumatulutsa chitsamba ndi spatula ndi kubwezeretsanso mu kapu. Ngati lobelia imafesedwa ndi galasi, imagawanika kukhala mbali, zomwe zimayikidwa mu mbale ndi zazikulu.
Pambuyo pake, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi kusungidwa mumthunzi kwa masiku angapo. Ndipo pokhapokha atayamba, mukhoza kuzitsina. Izi ndi zokwanira kudula nsonga za mmera ndi lumo. Kusinthanitsa kumachitika kangapo panthawi ya kukula.
Kubzala lobelia pamalo otseguka
Kubzala mbande za lobelia pamalo otseguka kumachitika pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May, pamene pali chidaliro kuti sipadzakhalanso chisanu usiku. Malowa amasankhidwa chifukwa cha dzuwa, ngakhale kuti amasangalala pamalo amenewo omwe dzuwa limawombera mwachindunji osaposa maola awiri patsiku.
Kodi nthaka iyenera kukhala yotani?
Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa okongola a lobelia, imbani pa nthaka yopanda chonde - loamy kapena mchenga. Pa nthawi yomweyi, nthaka iyenera kukhala yopuma, yotayirira, kuti madzi asayime. Pewani feteleza osakaniza. Ngati simukutsatira malamulo awa, lobelia idzapita kukula mu mbali yobiriwira, kupatsa osauka maluwa.
Mmene mungabzalidwe chomera
Musanabzala lobelia mutseguka, mbande ziyenera kuumitsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, tsiku lofunda, lopanda mphamvu, limabweretsedwa kumsewu, popewera kuwala kwa dzuwa. Zimalangizidwa kuziika mumthunzi, nthawi yotsatira - mu mthunzi wa padera, ndiye ukhoza kupanga maola angapo padzuwa.
Malinga ndi mtundu wanji wa aesthetics womwe ukufuna kukwaniritsa kuchokera ku lobelia, palipadera yokwanira ndikusamalira panja. Choncho, popanga kachipangizo kameneka, mbande imabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka 15, komanso kupanga mapepala awiri pamtunda. Zokhutira muzitsulo zimasunthidwa mwa njira ya kusintha.
Chisamaliro cha lobelia, timaphunzira mawonekedwe
Lobelia, ngati chomera china chirichonse, ali ndi khalidwe lake, opatsidwa makhalidwe omwe, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa maluwa obiriwira.
Mwachidziwikire, malamulo akuluakulu a chisamaliro angapangidwe muzinthu zofunika izi:
- Kuwala kwakukulu kokhala ndi kuwala kochepa kwa dzuwa.
- Kuthirira madzi ambiri, koma onetsetsani kuti mizu siimadzimadzi.
- Manyowa odyetsa kwa zomera, kupewa mitsuko ya nayitrogeni.
- Kudulira dothi pakati pa chilimwe kuti mupereke mzere wachiwiri wa maluwa.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Kuthirira - chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha mbeu. Makamaka nyengo yotentha, dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Ndipo lobelia ampelnaya amafuna kuthirira kawiri pa tsiku.
Ngati mumalola chilala chambiri, masamba ndi zimayambira za zomera zimayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kutentha padzuwa. Pambuyo pa kupanikizika kotero, chomeracho chikhoza kufa nkomwe. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuchepa kwa chinyezi kumakhudzanso kuwononga.
Kutaya kwa kukongoletsa kwa chomera kungasonyezenso kuti nthaka yodzala ndi nitrogenous mineral fertilizers kapena organic organic. Koma m'nyengo ya chilimwe kawiri kapena katatu ayenera kumera zomera. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito potaziyamu sulphate, yomwe imayambitsa maluwa ochulukirapo ndi masamba osachepera a zomera.
Lobelia akudulira
Chomeracho chimadulidwa kangapo panthawi yokula. Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri ndi kudulira pambuyo pa maluwa oyambirira, omwe amagwera pakati pa chilimwe.
Lobelia amadulidwa, akusiya mapesi asanu okha pamwamba pa nthaka. Mu masabata awiri zimapereka mphukira ya maluwa achiwiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala achiwawa kuposa oyambirira.
Kuonjezerapo, kudulira zowonongeka zimayambira kumathetsa nthawi yowoneka bwino.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji lobelia m'nyengo yozizira?
Momwemonso, lobelia amawonedwa ngati chomera chaka chilichonse, koma amaluwa ena amakonda kukumba ndi kuyika m'nyumba kapena kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira, kuigwiritsa ntchito kukhala chomera chosatha. Nkofunika kuti ikhale yosungira, koma yowala.
Madzulo a kasupe, amatengedwa, osweka mu cuttings, anabzala ndi rooting akudikira. Izi zikachitika, anabzala poyera. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kwambiri pamene kufesa kuchokera ku mbewu kungapangitse kuti zinyama zikhale zosasintha.
Olima amphepete kwambiri samaphimba mbewu m'nyengo yozizira, amazisiya kuti zikhale m'nyengo yozizira osati kuchotsa mbewu. Chomeracho chimafalitsidwa mosavuta chifukwa chodzifesa, koma panopa ndibwino kuyembekezera maluwa kwambiri patapita nthawi yobzala mbande.
Kufalitsa zomera
Ndi kosavuta komanso nthawi zambiri kufalitsa mbewu ndi mbewu, zomwe zimasungidwa pammera mabokosi ang'onoang'ono. Nkhumba zokha ndizochepa kwambiri moti zimakhala zovuta kugwira ndi zala zanu. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa, atayikidwa pansi pa pepala lachitsamba, pomwe mbewuzo zimagwedezeka. Ndi kosavuta kuchita izi pamene lobelia imakula miphika.
Pofuna kusonkhanitsa nyemba pamtunda, phulani mphukira zake popanda kuphulika, mtolo wochokera kwa iwo, ndi kujambula thumba kuchokera kumbali. Zonsezi zimangiriridwa kuti ziume m'malo owuma. Mbewu zikamera, zimatsanulira mu phukusi.
Izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi zowonongeka kale, kuzigwedeza pamwamba pa phukusi. Zomwe zili mkatizo zimasulidwa kupyolera mu sieve, mbewuzo zimasonkhanitsidwa mu bokosi la masewera ndikusindikizidwa.
Kumera kwawo kumapitirira kwa zaka zitatu. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, amatha kufesedwa pa nthaka yonyowa yomwe ili ndi filimu. Zoona, pofesa mphukira sizikuwoneka kukhala zakuda.
Pali mitundu yosatha yomwe imafalitsidwa ndi kudula. Mwa njira, chomeracho chokha chimafuna kubwezeretsedwa nthawi zonse, kusintha ndi kukonzanso, zomwe zimapangitsa zizindikiro zake zofunika. Kawirikawiri, zoterezi zimachitika kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri.
Lobelia - wamng'ono, koma modabwitsa wokongola shrub. Kuwasamalira ndi kophweka, ndipo maluwa ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritse ntchito popanga malo kulikonse komanso bwinobwino. Ndipo mungathe kuzichulukitsa nokha ngati mukufesa, komanso pakukula mbande. Kusankha njira kumadalira pamene mukufuna kuwona chomera.
