Maluwa a Bluebell - malongosoledwe aomera ndi mitundu

Anthu ambiri amakonda mabelu okongola, maluwa amapezeka mu steppe, pamiyala ndi pamiyala, ndipo amakuliranso bwino kwathu panyumba chifukwa chosadziletsa. Mwa anthu mutha kupeza dzina monga belu, kudula kapena chenille.

Chiyambi komanso mawonekedwe a mabelu

Duwa la belu ndi la banja la a Campanula. Pafupifupi mitundu 300 ya mbewuyi imapezeka m'chilengedwe. Mu vivo amakula zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yotentha - Asia, Siberia, Caucasus, Europe, North America. Nthawi zambiri, chomera cha belu chimatha kupezeka mu meadows, mu steppe, pamiyala, m'malo achipululu, m'nkhalango.

Maluwa amimba

Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu yosatha. Koma nthawi zina mitundu yazaka kapena ziwiri zamitundu mitundu zimapezeka. Nthawi zambiri zimamera m'minda ya anthu. Kunja, mawonekedwe a corolla ali ofanana ndi belu. Zomwe belu likuwoneka zitha kujambulidwa pachithunzichi.

Timapepala ta Narrow tili pamapazi. Pa phesi lililonse pali duwa looneka ngati belu. Utoto wa maluwawo ndi oyera, amtambo, abuluu kapena amtambo. Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi mtundu wamtundu kapena mantha. Maluwa atakwanira, zipatso zimapangidwa pamitengo ya mabokosi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mabowo. Kutalika kwa tchire kumasiyanasiyana masentimita angapo mpaka mita imodzi.

Kodi belu limawoneka bwanji?

Kufotokozera kwa belu ndi motere:

• Masamba amasintha mosiyanasiyana;
• inflorescence amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a belu;
• mthunzi wa inflorescences umasiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu ya mabelu - zoyera, buluu, wofiirira, wachikasu, wabuluu, pinki;
• inflorescence mu mawonekedwe a maburashi amapezeka nthawi zambiri, nthawi zina mumatha kukumana ndi duwa limodzi lalikulu;
• mbewu zimakhala ndi zazikulu, kutengera mtundu wa mbewu;
• Maluwa osatha a belu amakula 10 mpaka 150 cm, kutengera mitundu.

Belu lakumunda - kufotokozera

Belu lolimidwa ndi chomera chamtchire, lili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ma inflorescence, pali mantha ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa inflorescence.

Belu lakumunda

Zimayambira mosavuta kapena ndi nthambi, zokwawa kapena zokwawa. Masamba ndiwokongola.

Maluwa amatenga kuyambira Meyi mpaka Julayi. Mitundu ina imaphukira mpaka Seputembara. Pambuyo pa maluwa, mabatani ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa ndi mbewu mkati.

Nkhalango ya Bell

Nthawi zambiri mutha kupeza maluwa okhazikika m'nkhalango.

Nkhalango

Amakhulupilira kuti iyi ndi maluwa a nyimbo; amapanga nyimbo zosangalatsa za phwando la Ivan Kupala. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala belu la buluu. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza pinki, yoyera kapena lilac mthunzi wa inflorescence.

chithunzi 3.1 nkhalango

Zomera za zitsamba zimapezeka kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, m'malo omwe kumatentha kwambiri. Belu la m'nkhalango limalimanso bwino mmalo mwake, chifukwa, limayenera kupanga malo abwino okulira. Chomera ichi chili ndi maluwa, ngati mabelu, dzina lawo limachokera ku mawonekedwe a inflorescence. Uku ndikukongoletsa kwamaluwa aliwonse kapena dimba lakutsogolo. Kuphatikiza apo, mvula ikhoza kuloseredwa kwa mbewu - mame akugwa pamasamba akuwonetsa mabingu obwera ndi mvula.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yamaluwa osatha

Choyera

Belu ndi loyera - mtundu uwu wa mbewu ndi wa gulu la maluwa lomwe lili ndi dzina lomweli. M'chithunzichi mutha kuona kukongola konse kwamaluwa.

Choyera

• Nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Western ndi Eastern Europe;
• pachaka, chomera kapena zakale;
• maluwa amatenga pafupi mwezi umodzi ndi theka;
• kutalika kumasiyana kuchokera pa 15 mpaka 150 sentimita;
• tsamba loyambira;
• chikho ndi chachikulu kapena chaching'ono, kutengera mitundu.

Buluu

Belu la buluu, losatha, nthawi zambiri limapezeka m'malo ammapiri, m'matanthwe komanso m'nkhalango. Mitundu yodziwika bwino:

• Kumangidwa. Kutalika - mpaka 25 cm. Amamera m'mapiri am'mapiri. Mtundu wa inflorescences ndi wotuwa buluu, chikho chimakhala ndi mantha kapena mawonekedwe a mtundu. Nthawi yogwira maluwa ndi gawo loyamba la chilimwe;
• Mafuta. Chomera chochepa-kupitirira masentimita 10. Zimayambira - zokwawa. Masamba ndi ochepa, ozunguliridwa. Maluwa ndi amtambo buluu;
• Kukakamizidwa. Osayamba. Tsamba limafanana ndi mtima. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu - mpaka 3 cm mozungulira, ofanana ndi nyenyezi. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo komanso motalika - khumi zoyambirira za Juni mpaka khumi zoyambirira za Seputembala;
• Pyramidal. Osayamba. Imakula mpaka mita ndi theka. Masamba okhala ndi masamba. Maluwa amatenga miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya chilimwe. Amanunkhiza ngati mule.

Buluu

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala belu lamaluwa lokhala ndi maluwa abuluu.

Meadow kapena steppe imadziwika ndi inflorescence yaying'ono. Belu losatha maluwa ndi chomera chokongoletsa, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi olima maluwa pokongoletsa bedi lamaluwa. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ndi iyi:

• Gargan. Belu lamtundu wamtambo. Mphukira zokwawa zimapanga chitsamba chowoneka bwino. Kutalika kumafika masentimita 15. Maluwa ndi ochulukirapo, mphukira ndi lotseguka, lalikulu - mpaka 4 cm mozungulira. Nthawi Yamaluwa - Julayi;
• Sarmatia. Kukongoletsa chitsamba Caucasian osatha. Msinkhu - mpaka masentimita 45. Maluwa amakhala ndi fungo la uchi, wosasamala kukula kwazinthu. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi chiyambi cha chilimwe - Seputembara. Kongoletsani dimba lililonse;

Buluu

• Ciliary. Chomera chosatha. Kutalika - mpaka 15 cm. Limamasula kuyambira June mpaka Julayi;
• Alpine. Chomera chachifupi, chopindika - mpaka 10 cm. inflorescence imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical. Kuyika m'nthaka yotsekedwa bwino ndikofunikira. Itha kumera padera pogona maluwa kapena kuzungulira mbewu zazitali;
• Phiri wamba. Kutalika - mpaka 30 cm. Zimayambira ndizochepa thupi, masamba adasanjika, inflorescence ndi yayikulu - mpaka 2 cm mozungulira. Kukana kutentha pang'ono.

Mabelu achikasu

Mtunduwu ndi wosowa.

Wachikasu

Mtundu wachilendo wachikasu ndiwobadwa m'mitundu iwiri yokha:

• Chithokomiro. Endemic kumapiri otsetsereka a Alpine ndi Pyrenees, amakula m'madambo owuma;
• Karniolika. Chomera cham'munda. Sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndi anthu. Imafuna nthaka yamchere. Pali mtundu wazaka ziwiri ndi wazaka zambiri. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu - mpaka 3 cm mozungulira.

Pinki

Belu lofiirira kapena lofiirira ndi mtundu wazomera wamba. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yotsutsana ndi chisanu imapezeka:

• Garland. Kutalika - pafupifupi masentimita 40. Mapulogalamu amakulu akulu akulu, mantha-ngati. Madontho okula pachikuto cha pinki atha kukhalapo. Maluwa amayamba kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe;
• Wapinki. Kutalika - mpaka theka la mita. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu - mpaka mainchesi 8, opangidwa kukhala panicles. Limamasula kuyambira June mpaka Ogasiti. Amakula mwachangu;
• Alba Nana Chitsamba chowoneka bwino, inflorescence imakhala ndi mtundu wa pinki wopindika wokhala ndi Mzere, maluwa yaying'ono. Masamba ndi ozungulira;
• Kuyesa Kwambiri. Imakula mpaka theka la mita, kutulutsa kuyambira Julayi mpaka August.

Pinki

Pumbwa

chithunzi 8ofiirira

Pali mitundu yamtundu wamtchire yokongoletsera ndi yokongoletsa:

• chovala. Ichi ndichikhalidwe chopambana, masamba ang'onoang'ono, inflorescence amawoneka mchaka;
• Wachi-Persian. Grassy osatha, ali ndi masamba obiriwira. Ma Pedicel ndi aafupi, apical inflorescence, mtundu wa ma petals ndi wofiirira kapena wowala wa lilac. Maluwa omwe amagwira ntchito amapezeka mkati mwa chilimwe;
• Campanula ndi ofanana. Msinkhu - mpaka 30 cm, woonda, wopindika. Ndi chikhalidwe chopambana. Mtundu wowoneka wofiirira, maluwa ang'onoang'ono angapo;

Pumbwa

• yotakata. Izi zimatchedwa chifukwa zili ndi masamba akulu, osakira. Kutalika kwazomera - mpaka 1,3 mita, inflorescence racemose, maluwa akulu;
• Milky-maluwa. Olima achifalansa, chisamaliro chosavuta. Zimayambira ndi masamba ophuka. Ma inflorescence ndi mtundu wa maluwa, maluwa ndi onunkhira, ozungulira osapitilira 40 mm;
• Portenschlag. Nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi alimi a maluwa, odzichepetsa kuti akula. Maluwa yogwira amakhala kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka kugwa koyambirira. Mitundu iyi imatchedwa yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yokongoletsa ya campanula, ngakhale mwana amatha kuisamalira. Mwa njira, utoto wa ana nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mtundu wamtundu wamaluwa okha. Ndikosavuta kujambula ndi kupanga utoto, chifukwa masamba ndi maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera.

Tikufika

Kulima mbewu

Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lotakidwa bwino. Imanyowetsedwa, mbewu zimatsitsidwa mmenemo, zikakanikizika pang'ono. Chotsatira, muyenera kupukutira kuchokera mfuti ya bulawuzi, kuphimba ndi filimu yokakamira pamwamba. Ikani malo otentha. Pakupita milungu iwiri iwo adzakula. Mbewu zikauma, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse, kuthiriridwa madzi. Pamalo okuta kwambiri akufunika kuyambiranso. Njirayi imachitidwa pomwe masamba awiri owona amawonekera pamitengo. Chomera chimathiridwa ndimadzi, majeremusi amachotsedwa mosamala, kenako ndikawazitsanulira mu chidebe chambiri, ndizotheka mumphika wina.

Kukula

Mukufuna chiyani mukubzala mabelu

Chomera ichi ndi Photophilous. Chipindacho chiyenera kuyalidwa bwino, popewa dzuwa. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala osachepera 15 digiri. Onetsetsani kuti mumathira madzi pafupipafupi. Masula dziko lapansi. Utsi umachoka nthawi ndi nthawi. Chisamaliro chimayenera kukhala chadade komanso chopatsa ulemu, kuti chiwononge chochepa thupi.

Kuyika kumachitika mchaka. Zomwe zili mumphika zimatsitsidwa mosamala mdzenje. Kuwaza ndi dothi pamwamba, chinyontho. Pambuyo maluwa, ma inflorescence owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa. Onetsetsani kuti muchotsa maudzu onse.

Malo abwino

Podzala pamalo otseguka, muyenera kusankha malo abwino. Kuzungulira sipayenera kukhala zitsamba zazitali zazitali zomwe zingabise mbewuyo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala panthaka yopanda nthaka, panthaka ya pang'ono zamchere, yoyenda bwino.

Mtunda pakati pa tchire umalemekezedwa, kutengera kukula kwawo. Mitundu yayitali imabzalidwa mosinthana ndi theka la mita. Kukula kwapakatikati ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 30, komanso kukula kwapang'onopang'ono - masentimita 10. Mutha kupanga chitunda cham'mapiri kapena maluwa pokhazikitsa zitsamba zokulira kutsogolo kwa malo owoneka bwino, zitsamba zazitali pakati, komanso zazitali kumbuyo. Kuzungulira kumatha kukhala udzu wokongoletsa udzu.

Zomwe mungadyetse maluwa opusa

Mukabzala, turf ndi feteleza ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Bwino kupewa kupaka peat, manyowa atsopano kapena zitosi za mbalame. Feteleza ngati uyu atha kubweretsa chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Granular superphosphate imawonjezeredwa kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo.

Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa akutalika kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza manyowa bwino. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitika mchaka, chinthu cha nayitrogeni chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kudyetsa kwachiwiri kumachitika pamene masamba oyamba akuwonekera, feteleza wovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Wachaka chimodzi ndi wazaka ziwiri safunikira kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Koma ma perenni amafunika kukonzekera bwino zotsatira za kutentha pang'ono. Mu khumi lachitatu la Seputembala, mphukira zonse ziyenera kudulidwa mpaka kutsikira. Mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu imakhalabe bata ngakhale yozizira. Ndipo kumwera, mitundu ya thermophilic iyenera kutetezedwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutatha kuzidula, zimakonkhedwa pamwamba ndi masamba owuma kapena nthambi zina.

Zomera zazitali zimakonkhedwa pamwamba ndi chisakanizo chouma cha peat ndi humus. Makulidwe oyenera ayenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm.

Chifukwa chake, mabelu ndi maluwa osazindikira. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyimbo zowoneka bwino popanga mawonekedwe. Ngakhale chisamaliro chosamalidwa, mabelu ndi chokongoletsera chabwino cha munda wam'mbuyo, wamaluwa kapena dimba.