Mbali za kukula kaloti m'madera a Moscow ndi dziko lonse la Russia. Pamene chodzala masamba?

Mitundu ya kaloti imasiyanasiyana. Komabe, posankha nyemba, aliyense wamaluwa ayenera kuganizira za malo omwe akufuna kukolola mbewu zochuluka za mbewu, komanso nyengo yomwe ili m'deralo.

Chifukwa chinyezi, malo ndi kutentha kwa mlengalenga zimakhudza momwe mbeu idzakhalira. Malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha dera ndipo muyenera kusankha mitundu ya kaloti.

Zizindikiro za nyengo za m'chigawo chapakati cha Ulaya cha Russia: dera la Moscow, dera la Leningrad ndi ena

Pansi pa gulu la pakati la Russia amamvetsetsa zigawo za dziko lomwe lili pakatikati pa Ulaya: dera la Moscow, Leningrad dera, dera la Volga, dera la Black Soil ndi ena. Mbali yapadera ya madera awa akuonedwa kuti ndi nyengo yamakono ya continental yomwe imakhudza moyo wa munthu ndi kubzala.

Nyengo yozizira m'derali ndi yozizira, chilimwe chimakhala chotentha.. M'mphepete mwa nyanja zamphepete zam'mlengalenga nthawi zambiri amawoneka. Kutentha kotentha kwa pakati pa zigawo za Russia kuli ndi phindu pa kaloti, kulola kuti likhale ndi mavitamini ndi minerals zofunika kuti zikule.

Madera khumi ndi atatu a ku Russia ali m'kati mwa mapiri, kuphatikizapo khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri kumalire a zigawo kumadera oyandikana nawo.

Ambiri makamaka, pofuna kukula kaloti kumalo ozungulira dziko la Moscow ndi madera ena a pakati pa Russia, muyenera kulabadira mtundu wosasunthika, chifukwa safuna kutentha kwa dzuwa.

Ma tebulo a kulima kulima, masiku okufesa ndi kucha

Ndi liti lomwe lingabzalidwe, ndilo lotsiriza liti?

N'zosatheka kufotokoza tsiku lenileni limene mubzala, chifukwa nyengo imasintha, komanso zimakhala zovuta kunena momwe mungabzalidwe. Pansi pa zikhalidwe za kubzala kaloti mu nyengo ya dera la Moscow ndi madera ena a pakati pa Russia, ndi bwino kuti asankhe sing'anga kasupe mbewuosati awo omwe afesedwa chisanafike.

Chokoma chodzala kaloti ndi nthawi yomwe dothi lopanda pamwamba lidzawomba.

• Choyamba pa kaloti oyambirira amabzalidwa mu April.
• Kenaka mu May pali mbewu zofesedwa za mtundu uwu, monga pakati-mochedwa.
• Ndipo mochedwa mitundu ya kaloti yayamba kale kubzalidwa mu Meyi, pasanafike pakati pa mweziwo.

Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kubwerera kwa ozizira kungakhudzire kwambiri kukula kwa mitundu ya kaloti ngati midzi ya mochedwa komanso mochedwa. Mitengoyi imatha kupweteka kwambiri "kusunga khalidwe", ndi mitundu yambiri ya karoti kumeneko.

Ngakhale, mwachitsanzo, kumadzulo, nthata yozizira imabwera ndipo imakhudza karoti, iyo siidzaipweteka, chifukwa mitundu yoyambirira sichimasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, koma imadyedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi n'zotheka kudzala kaloti kunja kwa June, July?

Kaloti ndi bwino kwambiri kubzala nthawi yake. Kulowa pamalo otentha kwambiri n'koopsa. Pali mwayi wotaya mbewu. Pakati pa kutentha kwa dothi m'nthaka, chiwerengero chachikulu cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chimabala, ndipo zikhoza kuteteza kukula kwa kaloti ndi kuwononga mizu yachinyamata.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti panthawi yonse ya kukula, karoti iyenera kukhala yambiri ndikukhala okoma. Ngati mumabzala mizu m'chilimwe, masamba alibe nthawi yokwanira kudziunjikira okha mavitamini omwe ali othandiza kwa munthu. Choncho, mapeto ali omveka. Kufika kumayenera kuchitidwa panthawi yake komanso kuganizira za nyengo zomwe zili m'deralo.

Kusiyana kwa kulima m'madera awa

Pamene tikufika

Kukonzekera kafukufuku, mbewu, nthaka

• Inventory. Ndikofunika kukonzekera fosholo, mtedza, kuthirira munda.
• Mbewu. Mbewu ikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono izi:
  1. Njere zimatenthedwa powawombera kwa mphindi 20 m'madzi otentha mpaka madigiri 50 Celsius.
  2. Pezani njira yoteteza matenda a disinfection, kuwapaka kwa mphindi 15-20 pothetsa potassium permanganate.
  3. Zilimbikitseni mbeu ndi zakudya.
  4. Nkhumba zimatetezedwa ndi kukula kokondweretsa, monga madzi a alo kapena mankhwala "Epin". Mu njira ya zinthu izi, njere imasungidwa kwa tsiku.

  Pokonzekera izi, mbewu zimapatsa fruiting mphukira.

• Nthaka.
  1. M'dzinja, m'pofunika kuyala pabedi kumene kaloti amabzalidwa, namsongole, kenako kukumba pansi ndi fosholo.
  2. Kulimitsa nthaka ndi humus pa mlingo wa makilogalamu 10 pa mita imodzi ndi mtengo phulusa pamlingo wa galasi imodzi pa 1 mita imodzi.
  3. M'chaka, musanadzale kaloti, muyenera kukumba m'mphepete mwa madzi ndikuwamwetsani ndi kuthirira munda.
  Mizere iyenera kukhala yayikulu kukula. Kuzama kofunika kuti kubzala kaloti kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa awiri ndi atatu masentimita. Mtunda pakati pa mizere iyenera kukhala osachepera fifentimita khumi ndi asanu, ndipo pakati pa mbewu, pafupifupi masentimita awiri.

Kusankha malo

Muyenera kusankha malo owala, a dzuwa kumbali yakum'mwera. Kumbali yakumpoto, mizu yakucha nthawi yaitali. Nthaka yofesa mbewu zaroti imafunika kutayirira, kuwala.

Njira yobwera:

1. Tsegulani mabokosi a mbeu, kutsanulira pa dzanja.
2. Bzalani mbeu mu grooves ndi kuphimba ndi dziko lapansi.
3. Sindikiza nthaka ndi manja anu.
4. Kulimbitsa nthaka pamunda wamunda wamaluwa.

Pamene achoka

Makhalidwe oyambirira

Thirani munda, momwe mbewu zinabzalidwa, mwa kukonkha, kugwiritsa ntchito kumwa kwa munda kungathe

Zotsatira

Kuti karoti ikhale yokoma ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso kubweretsa phindu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo oyang'anira mbande monga:

• Kupalira: Zingapangidwe ngakhale mbeu isanayambe kumera. Oyandikana nawo ndi namsongole amakhudza kukula kwa kaloti. Kuweta kuyeneranso kuchitidwa ponseponse pakukula kwazu, monga namsongole akukula.
• Kupukuta mbande. Yoyamba kupatulira ikuchitika mwamsanga pambuyo kuoneka karoti masamba. Mtunda pakati pa mbande uyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Mtunda wa pakati pa kaloti wozungulira umachoka pafupifupi masentimita atatu.

  Pamene masamba awiriwa akukula, ndondomeko imabwerezedwa, ndikuwonjezereka mtunda wa pakati pa zomera ziwiri.

• Kuthirira. Kutentha kochepa kwa dothi kudzachititsa kuti kaloti isathe kukula bwino. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhalanso ndi zotsatira zowononga kukula kwa karoti ndipo kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu yake.
• Feteleza. Panthawiyi, kaloti amatha kudyetsa kangapo. Ntchito yoyamba imapangidwa masabata atatu kapena anai pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, yachiwiri - mu miyezi ingapo.

Kukolola

Mitengo yoyambirira ya kaloti imakumba mu July ndi kumayambiriro kwa August, pakati-mochedwa mitundu mu August, ndi mochedwa mitundu mu September. Kwa kaloti zowonongeka, m'pofunika kuganizira chikhalidwe ngati kutentha kwa mpweya. Kuti "khalidwe lokusunga" likhale lovomerezeka, muyenera kudziwa malamulo.:

1. Kuyambira koka kaloti sikuli koyenera.
2. Muyenera kukumba kaloti pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kuli pafupi madigiri anayi a Celsius.
3. Kulemba zakutchire sikuli koyenera, kutentha kwapadera kumapangitsa kuti imvi zowola pa kaloti.

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta kaloti, zomwe zimapezeka m'malo awa

• Karoti ntchentche. Ntchentche zowonongeka kwambiri zimathandiza kuti nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira ikhale yamtendere. Mizu yokhudzidwa imakhala ndi nsalu yofiirira.
• Umbrella moth. Mphepete mwa mazira imayika mazira nthawi ya maluwa, ndiye mbozi imayambira kuchokera, kumayambiriro kwa July. Amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndikuyika intaneti ndi intaneti ndikuyamba kudya.
• Aphid a Hawthorn. Zimakhazikika pamutu ndi muzu wa zomera. M'chaka, amasandulika mphutsi ndipo amawononga zomera mwa kuwamasula. Zomera zimafota ndipo kenako zimafa.

Kupewa ndi chithandizo

Kuti kupewa matenda mu karoti mbewu, m'pofunika kuti chisanadze zilowerere. Njira iyi yakhala ikufotokozedwa pamwambapa. Chochitika chotero chidzapulumutsa kaloti ku tizirombo. Chikhalidwe chodziŵika bwino cha continental kumbali ya Russia chimathandiza kaloti kumakula ndi zokoma.

Ngati mukutsatira malamulo onse a chithandizo cha mbewu ndikusamalira zomera, mukhoza kukolola, osadandaula za zomwe zidzasokoneze "tizirombo" m'nthaka.