Ndi feteleza ati omwe kaloti amafunikira pamene mukudzala ndi momwe mungadyetse? Zolakwitsa zotheka

Kaloti - ndiwo otchuka kwambiri masamba. Zitha kugulitsidwa m'masitolo a masitolo chaka chonse. Muzu wa mbeu udzabweretsa mwayi waukulu ngati ungakule bwino. Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino za kaloti, m'pofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.

Mwachitsanzo, malingana ndi momwe nthaka imakhalira, maofesi osiyanasiyana olekanitsa angapangidwe kuti azikula bwino. Choncho, kuti mupeze wokongola ndi wathanzi karoti, nkofunika kulingalira za kudyetsa kaloti pa gawo loyamba la kubzala.

Nchifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kufesa?

Pali kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa kuchuluka kwa feteleza ndi mtengo wa zokolola zomaliza za kaloti. Mwachitsanzo, tengani kaloti ziwiri: imodzi, wamkulu, komanso yowonjezera feteleza.

• Oyamba kudyetsa kusiyana kwake amayamba kuonekera.

  Feteleza muzu masamba: Amapanga masamba olimba ndi obiriwira.

  Masamba Osauka: Amatulutsa timapepala timene timasowa. Pali ming'alu kuno ndi apo.

• Patatha mwezi umodzi, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zomera.

  Feteleza muzu masamba:

  1. Ili ndi mdima wandiweyani ndi nsonga zakuda.
  2. Mofulumira kwambiri komanso bwino.
  3. Ili ndi mtundu wowala.

  Masamba Osauka:

  1. Masamba ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ofooka.
  2. Kungoyamba kukula.
• Panthawi yokolola, zotsatira zake ndi zoonekeratu.

  Feteleza muzu masamba:

  1. Karoti imakula pogona komanso yokongola.
  2. Kuwala kokongola.
  3. Palibe ming'alu.

  Masamba Osauka:

  1. Kutsirizira kwa masabata awiri.
  2. Mu maonekedwe akusiya zofunikanso - muzu mbewu ndi yaing'ono komanso yopanda chitukuko.

Zamchere kapena organic?

Akatswiri ena amanena kuti kaloti ayenera kumera pa feteleza. Komabe, pogwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, mitundu iwiri ya feteleza idzapindulitsa chomeracho.

Manyowa opangira thupi nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa kumapeto kwa autumn - kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira.mwachindunji pansi pa karoti sikovomerezeka. Kudzera kwa mtundu uwu wa feteleza kaloti kumakhala kosavuta kuvunda. Ngati m'nthawi yam'mbuyomu chikhalidwe chokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zakuthupi chinali kukula pa bedi ili, nthawi ino mungathe kuchita popanda izo konse. Anthu obzalidwa chikhalidwe adzakula bwino pamtunda wa zinthu zakuthupi pansi.

Manyowa amchere akhoza kuwonjezedwa pa magawo onse a kukula kwa mizu. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndikuti musapitirize.

Kodi ndi nthawi yanji kudyetsa?

Kukonzekera nthaka yobzala kudzayamba kugwa.

Choyamba chomera feteleza chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popeza kuti feteleza imeneyi imapangitsa nthaka kukhala yothira, imayenera kukumbukira kuti pamene asidi ali ndi 5.5, phulusa kapena zinthu zina zomwe zimachepetsa ziyenera kuwonjezedwa kunthaka. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mchere.

Spring

Mineral

Zosakaniza:

• potaziyamu chloride;
• mphothosphate;
• urea

Chiwerengero: 1: 1: 0.5 pa 1 sq.m. malo. Feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka.

1. Choyamba muyenera kukumba mabedi pafupifupi masentimita 35.
2. Asanayambe kudyetsa, superphosphate ayenera kukhala finely pansi kukhala ufa.
3. Zosakaniza zonse ziyenera kusakanizidwa ndi kuberekedwa pamodzi ndi ufa wophika, ngati kuli kofunikira.

Phulusa

Chiwerengero:

• autumn 200g wa phulusa pa 1 sq. m;
• mu June, pakuwonjezera pamwamba, 1 chikho pa mita imodzi.

Ndikoyenera kukumba malo oti mubzala kaloti, pamene mukukoma nthaka ndi phulusa youma.

Manyowa otere amamera nthaka ndikupangitsa kuti ukhale wochuluka. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, m'pofunika kuthira mabedi ndi phulusa masiku asanu ndi awiri musanamwe madzi..

Manyowa

Chiwerengero: 6-8 makilogalamu pa 1 sq. M.

Musanayambe kasupe kukumba nthaka ndi manyowa abwino. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi bwino kuwaza ndizitsulo zowonjezerapo kuti panthawi yofukula feteleza ndi ofanana. Pokhapokha, ngati kuli kotheka, dulani nthaka powonjezera choko, ufa wa dolomite kapena phulusa.

Saltpeter ndi superphosphate

Zosakaniza:

• superphosphate (200g);
• feteleza fetereza (100g);
• sodium nitrate (50g);
• laimu (100g).

Kugwirizana: pa mita iliyonse yazitali kuwonjezera zowonjezera mu kuchuluka kwapamwamba.

Kutha

Kompositi

Chiwerengero: Chidebe chimodzi pa sq.m. / 6-8 makilogalamu pa sq.m.

Gwiritsani ntchito moyenera manyowa abwino.. Feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza nthaka. Pambuyo kuwonjezera chigawochi, bedi liyenera kukumba.

Peat kapena utuchi

Chiwerengero: 6-8 makilogalamu pa sq.m. kwa peat.

Chiwombankhanga chinagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi 2 tbsp. nitrophosphate ndi 1 tbsp. superphosphate. Mabedi amathiridwa kuchokera pamwamba pokonzekera nthaka, makamaka dothi ndi nthaka ya podzolic.

Mchenga ndi utuchi

Zosakaniza:

• chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi utuchi;
• superphosphate (2 tbsp.).

Musanapange superphosphate, iyenera kupasulidwa kukhala ufa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa dothi la peat.

Phosphorus-potashi

Chiwerengero: 10g wa fetereza ya phosphate-potashi pa 1 sq. M.

Nthaka pansi pa feteleza imakumbidwa mosamala, kenako fetereza imayikidwa. Zimalimbikitsidwa ku dothi la chernozem ndi mabedi, malo omwe akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.

Kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira

Organic ndi potaziyamu sulphate

Zosakaniza: potassium sulfate kapena potaziyamu sulphate.

Mulimonsemo, feteleza akhoza kusakaniza ndi urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, potaziyamu carbonate, laimu, choko ndi dolomite.

Pofuna kuthira kaloti ndi potaziyamu sulphate, m'pofunika kubalalitsa malowa ndikukumba bwino. pa mlingo wa bayonet. Ndikofunika kuigwiritsa ntchito m'malo osalowerera ndale ndi amchere. Izi ndi chifukwa cha acidity ya feteleza.

Phulusa

Chiwerengero: 130-150g pa 1 sq. M.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene dothi limakhala lachonde ndipo silimasowa kuwonjezera pazomwe zimayambitsa feteleza. Atapanga nkhuni phulusa, mabedi akumba.

Khwerero ndi sitepe malangizo a momwe mungamere

Wolemba

Mlonda ndi feteleza yabwino komanso yothandiza kwa mbewu, makamaka kaloti. Pafupifupi, lita imodzi ya phala ndi yokwanira kufesa 10 g.

Pali magawo akulu a phala:

1. Musanafese grooves m'malo osankhidwa ayenera kuthiriridwa bwino ndi madzi.
2. Mphanga wokonzeka wodzaza pamodzi ndi mbeu za karoti mu botolo la pulasitiki ndi dzenje mu chivindikiro, syringe ya pastry ndi bubu lalikulu, ndi zina zotero.
3. Thirani kapena kutsanulira (malingana ndi zomwe zalembedwa) phala ndi mbewu mu grooves awa.
4. Mwamsanga mutangoyamba kubzala, mabedi ayenera kuikidwa ndi zing'onozing'ono zosanjikiza za dziko lotayirira (osati oposa 2 cm wakuda).
5. Kuti apitirize kuteteza chinyezi m'nthaka, bedi ili ndi filimu kapena zinthu zina zosaphika mpaka kuoneka karoti.

Boron

1. Pamene feteleza feteleza mbeu ndi boric acid, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kutentha mpaka 45% +50 C.
2. Sungani kwathunthu 1 tsp. ufa mu 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, ndiyeno mubweretse chiwerengero chonse cha madzi ndi madzi kutentha kwa 10 l.
3. Kudyetsa koyamba kwa mwanayo kumayenera kupangidwa pakati pa mwezi wa July, pamene muzu udzayamba kupanga.
4. Nthawi yachiwiri chipatsocho chiyenera kuberekedwa mu gawo loyamba la August, kumayambiriro kwa kucha kwa mbewu.

Mazira a nkhuku

1. Musanayambe feteleza mbewu za kaloti, zikopa za dzira ziyenera kuuma ndipo pini yodutsa iyenera kudutsamo.
2. Ndikofunika kupanga mizu ya mtsogolo, madzi madzi okwanira.
3. Thirani chifukwa cha dzira la ufa mu iwo ndipo mudzaze mbewuzo. Ndiye perekani ndi nthaka ndikugwedeza pansi ndi ndodo kapena dzanja.

Zolakwitsa zotheka

• Mbeu za feteleza zogula m'masitolo akuluakulu ogulitsa. Mbeu zokonzedweratu zogulidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa ndi okonzeka kufesa ndipo sizikusowa zoonjezera. Iwo adutsa kale gawo la kutaya matenda ndi tizirombo. Kukonzekera kugwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kukhala mbewu zomwe zogulidwa ndi manja m'malo osadziwika, komanso feteleza a makampani osadziwika bwino.
• Kupaka zovala ndi feteleza pamwamba pa nthaka youma. Musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza iliyonse, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lithe. Kuchokera izi kumadalira zotsatira za kudyetsa ndi zotsatira zake pazu. Ngati nthaka pansi pa kaloti imakhala yowuma, chomera chikhoza kufa kapena chitetezedwe. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu yonse ya feteleza, kuphatikizapo feteleza zamadzi.
• Phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthaka pamwamba. Pofuna kutsimikiza kuti phosphate ndi kleiynnyh feteleza zimakhala bwino, nkofunika kuziyika pansi, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa madzi odyetsa. Ngati feteleza zatsala pamwamba, zidzataya tanthauzo lake ndipo sizidzasungidwa ndi zomera.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukapanga zolakwitsazi?

Chomera chovunda, chosakanizidwa ndi kaloti ndi kotheka, ndipo nthawi zina mukhoza kutaya zonsezo.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji?

Ndikofunika kuchita njira zothandizira ndi kutsatira malamulo okula kaloti.

Bwanji ngati mutaloledwa?

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira mizu ndi zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda, chotsani zomera zomwe zinakhudzidwa ndi ena onse.

Komwe karoti kulima amapereka banja ndi mavitamini chaka chonse.. Izi ndikudalira kuti palibe zinthu zoipa, zidulo komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimawononga vitamini. Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chodzichepetsa, koma chimafuna kugwirizanitsa ndi zipangizo zamakono kuti zipeze mbewu zabwino kwambiri.