Momwe mungachitire dictyocaulosis ng'ombe

Kulowa mu thupi la munthu ndi mkaka wa ng'ombe ndi nyama, mphutsi sizingadzipatse nthawi yaitali ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimawononga ziwalo za mkati. Ng'ombe akuvutika ndi parasitic oyandikana nawo. Pofuna kupeŵa kuchepa kwa zokolola zake, kuphatikizapo imfa komanso mavuto othetsera thanzi, wofalitsa amafunika kudziwa za machitidwe ofunikira a tizilombo toopsa kwambiri, njira za matenda ndi chithandizo. Imodzi mwa matenda omwe anthu ambiri amapezeka ndi ng'ombe ndi dictyocaulosis, yomwe idzafotokozedwa pansipa.

Zamkatimu:

• Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi chitukuko
• Zotsatira ndi njira za matenda
• Zizindikiro
• Zosokoneza
• Kusintha kwa pathological
• Chithandizo chachikulu
• Zomwe amangidwa
• Kudyetsa ndi kuthirira bwino
• Mankhwala a zinyama
• Iodini
• Kupewa

Kodi Dictyocaulosis ndi Ng'ombe Zotani?

Ichi ndi matenda a helminthic aang'ono ndi aakulu a ruminants, owoneka ndi parasitic nematodes a banja Dictyocaulidae. Nthaŵi ina m'thupi la ziweto, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Matendawa afalikira mu chigawo cha kumpoto ndi chapakati cha Eurasian continent, mphutsi za dictyocaulus zimadziwonetsera zokhazokha m'madera akumwera.

Mukudziwa? Malinga ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse la World Health Organization, chaka chilichonse munthu aliyense wachiwiri padziko lapansi amatha kutenga kachilombo kamodzi ka mitundu itatu ya helminths, yomwe imayambitsa interobiosis (anthu 1.2 biliyoni), hookworm (900 miliyoni) ndi trichocephalosis (mpaka 700 million).

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi chitukuko

Kunja, parasitic nematodes ndi osadziwika kwambiri. Ali ndi thupi loyera loyera lamtundu wa 3 mpaka 15. Malingana ndi malamulo a ma spicules ndi nthiti za bursa, ziweto zimatulutsa mitundu ingapo ya mphutsi:

• Dictyocaulus filaria - nthawi zambiri amachiza ziweto zazing'onoting'ono, zomwe zimadziwika ndi thupi la dina kuyambira 8 mpaka 15 cm ndipo zimakhala zazikulu kuchokera ku 0.35 mpaka 0, 60 mm, zimakhala ndi masituniwa a chikasu a mtundu wachikasu mpaka mazana awiri ndi 0,72 mm ndi nthiti za m'mbuyo;
• Dictyocaulus viviparus - ndizochepa, kukula kwake, ma spicules ali ndi kukula kwake, koma alibe mawonekedwe, mphutsi pamapeto a thupi sakhala ndi mapangidwe ofanana ndi batani.
Moyo wa mphutsi za Dictyocaulus viviparus

Kulowa m'thupi la ziweto, imatode akazi amapezeka m'ziwalo za zipangizo zoyenda, kumene amapanga dzira. Pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya, kutsokomola ndi kutafuna, dzira la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda limadyetsa m'matumbo. M'tsogolomu, mbali imodzi ya dictyocaulus mphutsi, ngakhale pa sitepe yoyamba ya chitukuko chawo, imachokera ku ziweto zolimbana ndi nyansi. Mavitamini ena, kudutsa ziwalo za m'mimba, alowetsa kunja kwa mphuno ndi m'kamwa mwa ng'ombe yomwe imatulutsa ndi kudyetsa udzu.

Mukudziwa? Ku Russia, chiŵerengero cha helminth matenda ndi ofanana ndi chiwerengero cha matenda a chimfine, pamene ku Ulaya munthu aliyense wachitatu ali ndi kachilombo.

Pansi pa nyengo ya kutentha + 20 ... +27 ° С ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pamwamba pa 55%, mphutsi zapasitic zimakhala ndi molt wambiri, pambuyo pake zimakhala zovuta. Kuti muchite izi, maatodes amafunika masiku 3 mpaka 10. Pamene thermometer ikutsika pansi pa + 10 ° C kapena imakwera pamwamba + 30 ° C, dictyocaulus sichikulirakulira. Mavuto a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amapitirira pamene amamezedwa ndi nyama kumalo odyetserako ziweto. Kupeza yekha pamalo abwino, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasankha kachilombo ka HIV. Mbali ya mphutsi yomwe imakhalabe mu thupi la nthendayi, pamodzi ndi magazi ndi imfine, imafalikira mthupi lonse. Mapapu amavutika kwambiri chifukwa imatodes imayambitsa bronchi. Pakapita mwezi, nyongolotsi zimayamba kugonana, zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azipanga mibadwo yatsopano.

Zotsatira ndi njira za matenda

Kuti ward yamakono ikhale ndi kachilombo ka dictyocauline, ndikwanira kumwa madziwa kuti musayime zida zakuya, komanso kudyetsa udzu kuchokera kumadyo odyetsa. Kufalikira kwa matendawa kumaphatikizapo mvula yachilengedwe, kusefukira kwa madzi ndi bowa.

Ndikofunikira! Pakugwira ntchito yofunikira, nyongolotsi zimatulutsa zinthu zamtengo wapatali - zitsamba zam'mimba, zomwe zimakhala zowononga kwambiri..

Iwo amaona kuti pazipita zochita za parasitic dictyocauluses amayamba kumapeto kwa chirimwe ndi oyambirira autumn. Nthaŵi zina chiwerengero chobwereza mobwerezabwereza chimapezeka kumapeto kwa kasupe. Ndichodziwika kuti palibe kachilombo ka HIV pakati pazing'ono ndi zazikulu. Mphutsi ya Helminthic nthawi zambiri imapatsira achinyamata ndipo amakhala m'thupi la ana a ng'ombe kwa chaka chimodzi. Malinga ndi akatswiri, zowopsa za matenda ali pamwamba m'malo awa:

• mitsinje yamtsinje;
• msipu (makamaka mame kapena mvula);
• mitengo yaing'ono, nyanja ndi zinyumba zina;
• zitsamba zopitirira (kuphatikizapo pafupi ndi paddock).

Zizindikiro

Dictyocaulus tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa ziwalo za ruminants zili ndi katemera, poizoni, mu inoculatory ndi mechanical actions, ndipo mphutsi zosuntha za ma nematodes zimasiyana ndi zotsatira za antigenic. M'ziwalo zokhudzidwa, kutukuka kumayendetsa patsogolo, chifukwa cha chitetezo chomwe chimachepa komanso kachilombo kachilomboka kakuwonekera.

Ndikofunikira! Kufufuza molondola kwa mitundu yonse ya mphutsi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuteteza thupi, kumapereka 90% ya kupambana, koma matenda a helminth mu zofiira sizimabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Kudziwa matendawa kungakhale zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kusokonezeka maganizo (kumabwera kuchokera nthawi yomwe mavitamini akulowetsa m'kati mwa mapepala a kupuma);
• kutsekula m'mimba;
• Kuuma, kupweteka kowawa (kuwonetseredwa mu sabata lachitatu ndi lachinayi la ntchito yofunikira ya mphutsi);
• mpweya wochepa;
• mpweya wam'madzi wochokera mumphuno;
• kutentha kwa thupi kufika 40.5-41 madigiri;
• kutaya;
• kukana kudya kapena kusauka kudya;
• kukhala pansi (nthawi zambiri nyama yodwala ili ndi khosi, kamwa kamodzi ndi lilime lotambasula);
• kamwa kakang'ono;
• kumveka kwa phokoso lopangidwa.

Zizindikiro zachipatala za dictyocaulese Ngozi ya ng'ombe dithiocaoleosis ndizovuta monga mwa:

• perevascular bronchitis;
• chibayo (chibayo cha matenda ochepa);
• kutaya kapena kutulutsa purulent-necrotic bronchopneumonia (zovuta mawonekedwe);
• asphyxia;
• catarrhal-purulent chibayo;
• matenda achilendo.

Ngati palibe kanthu kamene kamatengedwa, nyamayo ikhoza kufa masiku ochepa chabe.

Mitundu yambiri imayambitsa matenda, choncho muyenera kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matenda oterewa monga teliasiosis, babesiosis, actinomycosis, cysticercosis.

Zosokoneza

Pang'ono ndi kukayikira kwa helminthiasis, veterinarians amafufuza zitsanzo za malonda ake malinga ndi njira ya Berman-Orlov kuti azindikire zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la nyama. Ndiponso, mphutsi za dictacaulaus zimatha kudziwika mothandizidwa ndi kafukufuku pogwiritsa ntchito luso losavuta larvoscopic. Akatswiri amanena kuti tizilombo ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tidzakhala tikuwonekeranso ngakhale maso athu atayang'anitsitsa, ngati madontho ochepa a methylene buluu amathandiza kuti ayambe kuika galasi. Poyankha, mankhwalawa agwedezeka ndipo pakatikati pa galasi pamakhala mphutsi zazing'ono zofiira. Makhalidwe, zina zamatodes sizowona.

Mukudziwa? UN akukhulupirira kuti ng'ombe zikuwononga kwambiri zachilengedwe kusiyana ndi magalimoto ndi ndege zimatengedwa pamodzi. Mkhalidwe woterewu ukufotokozedwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mpweya wamthambo, womwe uli pamodzi ndi manyowa a ng'ombe amachititsa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a wowonjezera kutentha kwa methane. Imatentha dziko lapansi ka 20 mofulumira kuposa carbon dioxide..

Pozindikira matendawa, zizindikiro zowonongeka zimaganiziridwa. Kukhalapo kwa dictyocaulese kumatsimikiziridwa mosakayika ndi kutuluka kwa mphuno ndi chifuwa chowawa.

Pankhaniyi mukakhala ndi moyo wosunga ng'ombe zikulephera, autopsy ikuchitika. Nkhuta za Nematode zimawoneka panthawi ya kufufuza kwa alcheoli.

Kusintha kwa pathological

Pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala mu ziwalo zotupa, ma bronchi ndi trachea amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito yawo yofunikira. Pa nthenda ya nthenda ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mitsempha yotsatirayi mu nyama zakufa imasonyeza matenda:

Zidole za akulu akulu D. viviparous mu bronchi ya ng'ombe zodwala

• kutaya;
• kuperewera kwa maonekedwe a mucous nembanemba;
• Kukhalapo kwa transudate mu chifuwa ndi m'mimba;
• kukula kwa mapapo;
• mapepala osasinthasintha, kuwopsya, "kukwapula" ndi mtundu wofiira wa madera okhudzidwa;
• foamy fluid mu bronchial lumen, momwe mafinya amatha kukhala;
• kukhalapo kwa foci wa matenda osiyanasiyana;
• atelectasis;
• mpweya woipa;
• Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mazira ndi mafupa;
• chithunzithunzi cha mucous membranes ya trachea ndi bronchi (nthawizina pali zizindikiro za kutaya magazi);
• mucopurulent plugs ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati bronchi;
• bronchiolitis;
• peribronchitis.

Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa dictyocaulosis ng'ombe, ndizofunika kwambiri kuchita ntchito yosamalirako chakudya: madzi odyetserako ziweto, malo odyetserako ziweto, kupititsa patsogolo malo okwanira. Kuphimba zitsime pazitsime ziyenera kukhala zosalala, popanda zikopa, zouma, ndi nthaka yolimba, ndi mabanki a matupi a chilengedwe ayenera kukhala olimba, ndi njira yabwino.

Chithandizo chachikulu

Kutaya mphutsi za parasitic si zophweka. Pofuna kuchita izi, anthu ambiri amafunika kupereka chakudya chabwino ndi kuthirira, kukonza malonda malinga ndi zofunikira zanyama, komanso kukonzekera kudya mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ganizirani zonsezi mu dongosolo.

Phunzirani momwe mungapezere nsabwe kuchokera ku ng'ombe.

Zomwe amangidwa

Chinthu choyamba muyenera kumvetsera ku chiyero cha khungu, komwe kuli nyumba zamadzulo. Ngati matendawa ali ndi kachilomboka, akatswiri akulangiza kuyambitsa njira zochizira matendawa ndi mankhwala operekera chipinda:

1. Nyama zimangoyendetsedwa kupita ku malo ena, komanso zinthu zonse zowonongeka zimachitika.
2. Pambuyo pake, zinyalala, manyowa ndi chakudya chotsalira kuchokera ku feeders zimayeretsedwa.
3. Kuchokera pa payipi yomwe imakhala ndi madzi ofunda kwambiri, imatsuka m'khola, imayang'ana malo owonongeka, malo ena ndi malo ena ovuta. Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zotupa ndi maburashi.

4. Pamene madzi amalowa mu chipinda (izi ziyenera kuchitika mwachibadwa), makoma ndi pansi akuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito blowtorch, akugwira chipangizo kwa mphindi zingapo. Njirayi ndi yothandiza pazithunzi ndi miyala. Nyumba zamagetsi zimachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ambiri amagwirizanitsa kukaka ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa chlorine kukonzekera. Pambuyo pa mpanda wouma, ndi zofunika kuti mchere ukhale woyera, zomwe zingathandize kupewa matenda ena.
5. Musaiwale kuti musamalitse bwino anthu onse odyetsa ndi kumwa, komanso mafosholo, mafoloko.

Mukudziwa? Ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zakhala zowonongeka mu chisinthiko. Zonsezi zinayamba ndikuti zinyama izi sizikanatha kuthamanga, zinalibe ntchentche ndi ziboda. Chifukwa cha izi zokhudzana ndi thupi, zazikuluzikulu zinali kuyang'ana njira zatsopano zodyera. Chovomerezeka kwambiri kwa iwo chinali kukumeza ndi kukuta mofulumira kwa nyamazo mu malo amtendere.

Mu chipinda chodetsedwa cha disinfected, pansiyo ili ndi 10-cm wosanjikiza wa tsaya, peat kapena utuchi. Malondawa akulimbikitsidwa kusinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa ndowe. Musalole maadiresi odula kuti apondereze malonda awo.

Kwa thanzi la ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, ndikofunikira kuti pali microclimate m'khola:

• ulamuliro wa kutentha - + 5 ... + 15 ° С;
• chinyezi - 60-70%;
• Kusinthanitsa kwa mpweya - peresenti ya moyo wolemera 17 cu. m / h;
• kufalikira kwa mpweya - 0,5 m / s;
• carbon dioxide ndondomeko - 0.25%, ammonia - 20 mg / cu. m

Kudyetsa ndi kuthirira bwino

Popeza nthenda ya nematode imatuluka m'munda ndipo imakonda malo ozizira, alimi ayenera kusamala ndi malo odyetserako ziweto m'madera otsetsereka. Pang'onopang'ono kudyetsa kudera lomwelo la ng'ombe, mbuzi, ndi nkhosa ndizovuta kwambiri.

Mukudziwa? Nyongolotsi, kulowa m'matumbo, kuti asadetsedwe, sungani zinthu zapadera - zotsutsana ndi mavitamini omwe amawateteza.

Nkofunika kuti nyama zizipereka zakudya zoyenera, zomwe zingathandize kuti chitetezo cholimba chitetezeke. Mukhola ayenera kupeza chakudya chatsopano. Ambiri obereketsa amafesa ziboliboli za vetch, alfalfa kapena clover pamabwalo awo amtundu. Ndipo kuti ng'ombe zilandire mavitamini ndi minerals zonse zofunika, zimadyetsa ndi chimanga cha chimanga, fodder, mixer, tirigu, zakudya zosakaniza ndi premixes.

Pa msipu ndi m'khola, chinyama chiyenera kukhala ndi madzi nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuti izikhala zoyera. Ndipo pazimenezi muyenera kusamba osamwa ndi kusanulira mwa iwo mankhwala abwino. Sikovomerezeka kuti ng'ombeyo idatuluka kunja. Pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zabwino, abambo odziwa bwino amalangiza kuti:

1. Pamene msasa umasunga ng'ombe kumapeto kwa masika, tibweretse ana a ng'ombe kumisasa yomwe ili kutali ndi malo othamanga, malo odyetserako ziweto komanso malo ena okhala ndi magulu akale a zinyama.
2. Ndikoyenera kuyendetsa galimoto kapena kawetedwe kazitsulo kakang'ono ndi kusintha kosintha kwa msipu. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, ziwembu ziyenera kusinthidwa masiku 10-12, ndipo kutentha kumachitika - masiku 5-6, mu July - mu masiku 3-4. Kudyetsa kudera kumatenda kumaloledwa patatha miyezi 2-3.
3. Kudyetsa ndi kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito malo odyetserako ziweto kumene palibe nthendayi yosungidwa kuyambira September chaka chatha.
4. Pakhomo-poyenda kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, eni ake amapititsa anawo kupita kumalo akutali ndi famuyo. Pafupi ndi malo pa nthaka youma, perekani bwalo pa mlingo wosachepera 25 m² pa mwana wa ng'ombe. Kupanga ma yards ayenera kukhala ndi zowonjezera dzuwa, odyetsa ndi omwa.

Werengani za matenda omwe ali wamba.

Mankhwala a zinyama

Popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo sangathe. Mukhoza kuthetsa vutoli ndi mankhwala awa:

1. "Loscuran" - imaimira njira 40% ya madzi. Kwa ng'ombe, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito subcutaneously pa mlingo wa 1.25 ml pa 10 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi, katatu pa tsiku loyamba, lachiwiri ndi lachinai.
2. Divezid - aqueous yankho la subcutaneous administration. Ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, mankhwalawa amathandizidwa ndi prophylactic ndi mankhwala pa mlingo wa 1.5 ml pa 10 kg ya moyo wolemera, koma osapitirira 20 ml pa nyama. Yesani kawiri ndi nthawi ya tsiku ndi tsiku.
3. "Ditrazina citrate" - 25% yothetsera madzi amadzimadzi. Imayikidwa jekeseni ndi 2 ml ya kukonzekera kulemera kwake kwa makilogalamu 10 (kuyanika kouma kwa 0.05 g / kg), katatu (pa tsiku loyamba, lachiwiri ndi lachinai).
4. "Aluminium iodide aerosol" - Mankhwala osakwanira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zowopsya malingana ndi njira ya Loparev. Pachifukwachi, ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zimasungidwa mu mpweya wa aerosol kwa theka la ora. Kuwombera koopsa kumachitika kawiri, kupiritsa - katatu ndi nthawi ya masiku 2-3.
5. "Dikitifug" - Njira yothetsera madzi 20%. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa peresenti ya 15 mg pa 1 makilogalamu a ng'ombe wambiri, jekeseni pa tsiku la 1, lachiwiri ndi lachinayi.

Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, azimayi amawalangiza kuti asalole ng'ombe kuti zizidyera masiku asanu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthawi zonse excreta ndi kusamala mosamala.

Iodini

Imeneyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri. Pachifukwachi, amafunikira kukonzekera njira yambiri yamadzimadzi yothetsera ayodini.

• crystalline iodine - 1 g;
• iodide potaziyamu - 1.5 g;
• madzi osaphika kapena owiritsa - 1 l.

Taganizirani kuti pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya thupi, 0,6 ml ya mankhwala okonzeka adzafunika. Ndikofunika kuti kutenthetsa (kutentha kwa madzi ndi 30% +37 ° C.

Njira yothetsera imayikidwa jekeseni subcutaneously monga jekeseni kumtunda wa trachea. Pankhaniyi, ng ombe iyenera kukhala pamtunda wa 30 °. Tsiku lina, kachilombo kameneka kamayikidwa m'mbali mwa khosi.

Chosavuta cha njira iyi ya kupwetekedwa ndi nthawi yochuluka kwambiri. Choncho, m'minda yayikulu sagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Kupewa

Matenda aliwonse ndi osavuta kupewa kusiyana ndi kuchiza. Choncho, pa nkhani ya dictyocaules, njira zothandizira pa nthawi yake ndizofunika kwambiri. Kuti izi zitheke, akatswiri amalimbikitsa zotsatirazi:

1. Mankhwala atatu omwe amachititsa kuti ziweto zisawonongeke ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa kwa ziweto zopanda ntchito, zofooka.
2. Nthawi zonse yang'anani ubwino wa madzi ndi chakudya, chomwe chimadyetsa ng'ombe. Nkofunika kutenga njira zowonjezera zakudya.
3. Konzekerani nthawiyi chipinda, chomwe chili ndi ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, yang'anani ukhondo ndi kuthandiza zinyama.
4. Kuweta kumasamalira kayendedwe kabwino ka kuthirira, komanso kuteteza msipu kuchokera ku dothi. Kuti izi zitheke, ntchito zowonongeka kwa nthaka.
5. Chitani kusintha kosintha kwa msipu kapena kudyetsa kwaulere "Fenothiazine."

Ndikofunikira! Ngati zizindikiro za dictiocaulese zimadziwika, nkofunika kuti anthu azidwalanso, ngati n'koyenera, kubweretsanso pambuyo pa masiku 10-12.

Теперь вы знаете, что представляет собой гельминтозное заболевание диктиокаулёз, чем опасны для травоядных личинки диктиокаулюсов, как определить и вылечить болезнь. Njira zothandizira zidzakuthandizani kupewa chitukuko cha matendawa m'nyumba mwanu.