Psidium ndi chomera chokongoletsera kuchokera ku banja la Myrtle. Ndizachilendo mu kukula kwa Mexico ndi Brazil, koma m'dziko lathu mwadzala ngati chomera. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake okongola, ilinso ndi zipatso zonunkhira komanso zabwino. Ndi iwo kuti psidium imawonetsedwa kwambiri pachithunzichi. Zipatso zimatha kupsa ngakhale m'nyumba zamkati.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Psidium ndi shrub wobiriwira kapena theka-deciduous. Nthawi zina mmera umakhala ngati mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi korona wobala. Kutalika kwake kumayambira 1 mpaka 3.5 metres. Mphukira zazing'ono zimadulidwa amakona ndipo zimakutidwa ndi khungu lofiirira.
Pa nthambi zazing'ono pali masamba obiriwira achikuda. Masamba opangidwa ndi masamba amapezeka pafupi ndi petioles ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a mitsempha. Mbale yotsekemera masamba imagwedezeka pang'ono m'mphepete mwa mtsempha. Kutalika kwa tsambalo ndi masentimita 7 mpaka 15. Mbali yakumbuyo yamapepalako idakutidwa ndi kufupika kwakanthawi kochepa.
Chapakatikati, maluwa ang'onoang'ono amodzi amawoneka ngati mphukira zazing'ono. Mitundu yawo yamiyala ndi yoyera. Maluwa amakhala ndi chubu lalifupi, miyala inayi yotseguka komanso zikondwerero zambiri zachikasu pakati. Maluwa ndiwotalikirapo, masamba atsopano amatha kukhala panthambi nthawi yomweyo monga zipatso zakupsa.
Zipatso za Psidium
Psidium imapereka zipatso zabwino kwambiri komanso zopatsa thanzi. Nthawi zambiri amangotchedwa ma guavas, mwa fanizo ndi amodzi mwa amtunduwo. Mwapangidwe, amafanana ndi peyala kapena mandimu ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi khungu lobiriwira kapena rasipiberi. Mkati mwake muli zamkaka komanso zonunkhira zamkati zoyera, zonona kapena zamaluwa. Pakati pa zipatso pali mbewu zazing'ono zoyera.
Mphamvu zamkati mwa psidium zimakhala ndi ascorbic acid, ma tannins ndi mafuta ofunikira. Zipatsozi zimangokhala zopanda pake ndi chitetezo chofooka kapena kusweka. Kugunda kokhazikika kumathandizira, kumalimbitsa, kumalimbitsa dongosolo lamatumbo ndikuthandizira kulimbana ndi chimfine. Chokhacho chobowoleza thupi ndi kuyanjana.
Malingaliro odziwika
Mu genus psidium, muli mitundu pafupifupi zana. Ambiri aiwo amabzala ngati mbewu kunyumba. M'matumba athu, psidium imamera kunyumba ngati chomera. Zoyenera kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi mitundu yotsatirayi.
Psidium guayava kapena guava. Mtengowo umapanga chitsamba chamtengo chofalikira mpaka mamita 10. Pamphukira zazing'ono zamiyala, mutapangidwa masamba, masamba petiolate. Zithunzi zoyambira zowoneka bwino zokhala ndi m'mphepete mwake zimafikira masentimita 7 mpaka 15, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 3-7. Pamwamba pa pepalalo pamakhala khungu, ndipo pansi limamveka bwino. Maluwa oyera ngati chipale chofewa omwe ali ndi mainchesi 2-2,5 masentimita amapezeka mu sinuses wa masamba a 1-3. Miyezi inayi atatulutsa maluwa, zipatso zooneka ngati peyala zimacha mpaka 12 cm.Pansi pa khungu lobiriwira pali pulpiki onunkhira wokhala ndi nthanga zazing'ono.
Psidium gombe. Chomera chimapanga chitsamba chokhazikitsidwa kuyambira pansi mpaka mamita 6. Khungwa losalala lophimba limaphimba nthambi. Masamba opezeka ndi masamba obiriwira kapena osalaza 5-8 masentimita 5-8. Pepala lamtundu wachikopa limakhala ndi mtundu wakuda pamtunda komanso m'munsi wowala. Pakatikati, maluwa oyera amapangidwa ndi mainchesi mpaka 3 3. Pambuyo pake, zipatso zozungulira ndi khungu la chikasu zipse pamtengowo. Dawo lawo ndi masentimita 2,5 mpaka 2003. zamkati mwa zipatsozo ndi zipatso, zokoma, zoyera.
Cattley's psidium kapena sitiroberi. Zomera zili ndi mitundu yambiri. Tchire silitha kupitirira 3 m, koma pachaka limawonjezeka mpaka 30 cm. Kutalika kwawo ndi 4-12 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa 2-6 masentimita. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono zozungulira, zokhala ndi mainchesi mpaka 4 cm, zimakutidwa ndi burgundy kapena khungu lofiira. Pansi pake pali kachiyera kapena koyera. Ili ndi fungo labwino kwambiri ndi fungo la sitiroberi.
Kubwezeretsa kwa psidium
Psidium imaberekanso bwino mu mbewu ndi masamba. Mbewu zodzikwaniritsa ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi zamkati ndikuziwuma m'malo abwino. Mbewu zimapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Pobzala, gwiritsani ntchito mabokosi athyathyathya okhala ndi mchenga wonyowa komanso peat gawo lapansi. Mbewu zofesedwa m'maenje osaya ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi kanema kuti chisaume kaye. Bokosilo limayikidwa m'chipinda chowala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osati poyerekeza + 21 ° C.
Mbewu zimamera mkati mwa masabata 1-2. Mukafika kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, mbande ndizitsina. Patatha sabata limodzi njirazi, mbewuzo zimaziika m'miphika ing'onoing'ono yokhala ndi mapira akuluakulu.
Muzu kuti muthane ndi zodulidwazo, mphukira zodzicheka ndi kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita muyenera kukhala ndi masamba anayi osavuta. Gawo lotsika la tsiku limamizidwa mu zokupatsani mphamvu. Pambuyo pokonza, zodulidwazo zimazika mizere m'malo osakanikirana ndi peat ndi perlite ndikuphimbidwa ndi kapu. Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kugwa pansi + 20 ° C. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, kuyambira kwa mizu yatsopano kumawonekera. Tsopano muyenera kupatsirana mbande tsiku lililonse. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, zibzalidwe ndikukula payokha.
Thirani
Psidium imasokonekera pamene nthambizo zikukula. Miphika iyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi rhizome. Zomera zazing'ono zimabzulidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse, ndipo mbewu zakale chilichonse pakatha zaka 3-5. Dziko lapansi limatsukidwa pang'ono kuti lisachotse mizu kuti nthaka isakokoloke. Pansi pa mphika wakuya pazaikapo nyambo ya zinyalala. Dothi lodzala psidium liyenera kuphatikizapo zinthu izi:
- mchenga;
- munda wamunda;
- pepala lapansi;
- peat;
- chosankha chamanyazi.
Pambuyo pochulukitsa, mbewuyo imayikidwa m'malo osasinthika kwa masabata awiri.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kunyumba, kusamalira psidium ndikosavuta. Amakhalamo muzipinda zofunda kapena m'malo otentha otentha. Chipindacho chizikhala chowala. M'pofunika kuti mupeze mphukira kuchokera ku dzuwa mwachindunji masana ndikupereka nthawi yayitali masana. Miphika imatha kuyikidwa kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kowonjezera kungafunike. Chizindikiro cha kupanda kuwala chikufota, masamba achikasu.
Chaka chonse, psidium imafunikira kutentha, kutentha kwa mpweya woyenera kuyenera kukhala + 22 ... + 24 ° C. M'chilimwe, miphika ya guava imalimbikitsidwa kuti itengedwe kumunda ndikuyiyika pang'ono. Ndikofunikira kusankha malo opanda phokoso, osakonzekera komanso kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.
Psidium imathiriridwa ndimadzi ofunda, oyima. Imalola chilala pang'ono, koma sichilabadira madzi osasunthika. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imamwetsedwa kwambiri mlungu uliwonse, ndipo nthawi yozizira - katatu pa mwezi. Anthu okhala m'malo otentha ayenera kukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa komanso kusamba kosangalatsa kumalimbikitsidwa. M'nyengo yozizira, ikani ma batire okhala patali kwambiri kuchokera pamabatire ndikugwiritsa ntchito chofunda.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, feteleza amamugwiritsa ntchito panthaka. Makina opangidwa ndi organic amakonda. Chifukwa cha iwo, masamba adzakulanso, ndipo maluwa - ochulukanso. Feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pamwezi.
Kuti mupeze korona wokongola, psidium iyenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse ndikuwadina. Maluwa amatha kudulidwedwa pawokha, koma amalimbikitsidwa kuti athandize pang'ono. Ndi burashi yofewa, mungu umasamutsidwa kuchoka kumaluwa okhaokha kupita nawo omwe ataya kale mitundu ina.
Psidium imalimbana ndi matenda ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwidwa ndi majeremusi. Nthawi zina, amatha kupezeka pamasamba a scute kapena akangaude. Chiritsani chomera ndi mankhwala nthawi yomweyo.
