Roses ndi otchuka ndi wamaluwa ogwira ntchito komanso ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndipo izi sizodabwitsa - chitsamba chobiriwira ndi maluwa onunkhira amadziwika kwa aliyense, chimakhala chowoneka pakhomo ndi m'munda, chimakhala chosavuta kusamalira, koma chosasangalatsa.
Polankhula za pinki maluwa, muyenera kumvetsera zosiyanasiyana monga duwa "Chopin." Zomwe zilipo, njira zoberekera ndi malamulo a kulima bwino, tikuganizira m'nkhaniyi.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana a ku Poland
Rose "Chopin" amatanthauza mtundu wosakanizidwa wa tiyi, mbali yomwe ingaganizidwe osati maluwa okongola komanso kukongoletsa kwawo, komanso "mkokomo ngati maluwa", m'njira zingapo. 
Ndondomeko ya maluwa "Chopin" ayenera kuyamba, choyamba, ndi maluwa akuluakulu kwambiri omwe ali ndi chisanu chotsutsana ndi mvula. Zowonongeka zokhazo ndizochepereza - zinapangidwa ku Poland kokha mu 1990.
Zimayesedwa kuti zimagwirizana pakati pa kukongola kwa chomera ndi kuchepetsa chisamaliro. Mphukira imatseguka pang'onopang'ono ndipo siigwera kwa milungu iwiri. Maluwa amakhala oyera nthawi zonse.
Mtundu uliwonse wa maluwa - Floribunda, Chingerezi, Canada, makwinya, chivundikiro, kukwera, chitsamba, chikhalidwe - chingatenge malo abwino m'munda wanu.Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa "Kusankha" kumagonjetsedwa ndi kuziziritsa - kumakhala gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi la chisanu chokanizira, zomwe zimatanthauza kuti zomera zimatha kuzizira -18 ... -23 ° С. Kuonjezerapo, izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zosiyana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Koma mvula ya zomera siimakonda - inflorescences ikhoza kuonongeka ndi madontho, ndipo pamene madzi akutha panthaka, zimayambira ndipo mizu ikhoza kuvunda. 
Maluwa a Rose
Chitsamba cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi chimodzimodzi ndi zomera zina za tiyi-wosakanizidwa mitundu - masamba akuluakulu obiriwira, mphukira zakuda ndi zazikulu zazikulu zokongola. Chitsamba chokhacho n'chokwanira mokwanira. Kawirikawiri, kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu kufika 120-140 masentimita, ndipo m'mimba mwake - pafupifupi masentimita 80.
Ndikofunikira!Kukula "Chopin" mofulumira, choncho ndibwino kuti mwamsanga kubzala malo. Chaka chimodzi mutabzalidwa, shrub ikukula.Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti nthambi za kuthengo zimakula movutikira, zomera zimataya mawonekedwe ake. Kotero kuti pitirizani kuwonetseratu zokongoletsera ndikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yonse ya moyo wa chitsamba.
Maluwa
Mofanana ndi maluwa onse a hybrid, Chopin ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pachimake chimasokoneza, maluwawo atatha, maluwa amawonekera.
Pa phesi limodzi 1-3 maluwa wochepa thupi, osati zonunkhira. Maluwa a zosiyanasiyana ndi zonona, zakuda pakati pa mphukira ndi zoyera mpaka pamphepete mwa petal.
Roses "Chopin" nthawi zonse imakhala yowala komanso nthawi zonse ndi yaikulu - 12-13 masentimita awiri. Petals terry ndi wavy m'mphepete. Nkhumba zimatseguka pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimalola kuti chomeracho chiphuphuke kwa nthawi yaitali. Mphukira siigwera, ndipo fungo silikutha kwa masabata 1-2 ngakhale atadula maluwa. Mu Mphukira, monga lamulo, 30-40 pamakhala.
Kumene mungabzalitse duwa?
Popeza chitsamba "Chopin" chimaonedwa kuti n'cholimba, ndithudi amafunikira malo. Monga mukudziwira, kukula kwa chitsambacho ndi 80 masentimita, ndipo kutalika ndikoposa mamita, omwe amasonyeza kale kukula kwa chomera chamtsogolo. Kuwonjezera apo, izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu - mpaka theka la mita mita.
Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chidzafuna kubzala pamalo kapena pa wowonjezera kutentha, koma osati m'nyumba. Kulima maluwa ku ofesi kapena kunyumba, ndi bwino kuyang'ana maluwa monga patio kapena maluwa ochepa. Kutalika kwawo kumasiyanasiyana pakati pa 25-50 masentimita, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, amakonda kutentha ndikukhala bwino miphika.
Mukudziwa?Mafuta odzola ndi okwera mtengo kuposa platinum ndi golide. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuthamanga kwakukulu kuti mupeze madzi obiriwira. Choncho, kupeza 100 g mafuta, 300 makilogalamu a pambali ayenera kukonzedwa.Kuonjezerapo, "Chopin" ndi yovuta kwambiri ponena za kuunikira ndi nthaka, silingalekerere zojambula ndi kusefukira nthaka. Sankhani malo abwino, otsekedwa ku mphepo. Samalani nthaka yabwino ndi madzi abwino.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, panthawi ya chisanu, ndi bwino kuwonjezera chivundikiro cha madzi kapena kukhetsa zoumba kuti zisawonongeke. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May kumatengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yoyenera kubzala: kutentha, nthaka yotentha, kulibe chisanu ndi mvula, koma kulibe dzuwa lotentha. Kusankha kubzala kotulukira - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa September mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa October.Kuunikira ndi malo
Roses amakonda kuwala, ndipo kwa Chopin, kuunikira ndi chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri. Mazira enieni kapena kuwala kochepa sikofunikira, chinthu chachikulu ndi kuchuluka kwake ndi kutentha kokwanira. Musati mutsimikize kubzala maluwa kumadera otsika, chifukwa kusungunuka kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri zimayambira.
Kupanga munda wa rosi, munthu ayenera kuganizira mitundu yosiyana siyana - Abraham Derby, Mary Rose, Graham Thomas, William Shakespeare, Blue Perfume, Pink Intuition, Falstaff, Sophia Loren, Pierre de Ronsard.
Zosowa za nthaka
Ma Roses kunthaka akusowa, choncho funso ili ndilofunika kwambiri. Musati mubzala mbande mu nthaka yosakonzekera. Choyamba, chifukwa cha mizu yamphamvu yofulumira mofulumira, m'pofunika kukumba nthaka musanayambe, kuyambitsa kukula kwa mizu yachinyamata. Chachiwiri, pali zomera zochepa monga madzi osapitirira. Choncho, pansi pa dzenje la kubzala muyenera kuika madzi okwanira.
Ponena za khalidwe la nthaka palokha, liyenera kukhala lotayirira, loamy, ndi pang'ono humus. Mchenga ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumasula nthaka.
Kukhazikitsa malo abwino kwa mphukira, kusakaniza mchenga, nthaka yachonde, manyowa, peat ndi feteleza wapadera wa feteleza mchere (chiŵerengero 2: 2: 3: 1 ndi feteleza molingana ndi malangizo), ndikubzala chomera ichi.
Kubzala malamulo mbande
Monga tanenera, pali masika (May) ndi autumn (September-October) nthawi yobzala maluwa. Komabe, musanayambe kubzala ndikufunika ntchito yokonzekera.
- Kukonzekera kwa mphukira.
Ngati chomera chanu chikumera kale, ndiye kuti mutha kuzigwira mpaka mutabzala chisanu kunja (m'nyengo yozizira) kapena mumphika pa khonde (m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe). Bzalani rosi mu mtsuko waukulu ndipo, popanda kutseka chivindikiro, chiyikeni pa khonde. Onetsetsani kuti chomeracho chidzafunikiranso kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti zisawonongeke.M'nyengo yozizira, imbani nyemba mu peat osakaniza m'bokosi, zitsekeni. Ikani bokosilo mu thumba kuti mbali zonse kupatula chivundikiro chapamwamba chichotsedwe ndi chinyezi. Zarytoy mmera mmphepete mwa chisanu, pamwamba pa nthambi ndi nthambi. Choncho chomeracho chikhoza kugona pamtunda usanafike.
Musanayambe kubzala chonde mu madzi kwa maola 6-8. Pambuyo pake, mizu iyenera kudulidwa, kusiya 25-30 masentimita kuchokera kumunsi. Mphukira imayenera kudulidwa, osasiya kuposa 3-4 pa chitsamba. Kale zimayambira kufupikitsa pang'ono, kusiya maso angapo.
- Kukonzekera kwa dzenje.
Chinthu chachikulu poyika chomera mu dzenje lodzala - mosamala kwambiri kuika mizu, kuwatsogolera pansi ndi kumbali, popanda kuphulika, kuwonongeka ndi kupiringa. Pamene mukuyenda, pang'onopang'ono mudzaze nthaka, muizungulire ndi kuthirira. Chomeracho chiyenera kuyima mwamphamvu pansi, osati kugwa osati kusambira.
Ndikofunikira! Mzere wa mizu umayenera kuwonjezeka m'nthaka, koma osapitirira 2-3 masentimita. Kutuluka kunja kapena kukonkhetsedwa ndi nthaka, chomeracho chikhoza kuwonjezereka popanda kuyamba kuphulika.Pambuyo mutabzala, mphukirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kuti maluwawo alowe mizu. Pang'onopang'ono, mthunzi uyenera kuchotsedwa. Komanso mwamsanga mutabzala, wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kubzala mulu, mosasamala nyengo. Maluwawo atayamba kukula, chomeracho chiyenera kutsegulidwa.
Njira zoberekera
Rose "Chopin" akhoza kufalikira ndi kugawa ndi kuphatikizidwa.
- Kubalana ndi magawano: kukumba chitsamba chakale ndikuchigawa mosamala mu zigawo ziwiri zofanana. Chomera mu nthaka yokonzedwa mofanana ndi kamera kakang'ono.
- Kufalikira mwa kukulumikizanitsa: modekha kudula mphukira yotulukira bwino pa mphambano ya 45 ° pamwamba pa impso. Ntchito yojambula iyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 15 m'litali. Chonde dziwani kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito duwa la chaka chomwechi chodzala. Pukutani masamba pansi pa kudula ndikuwongolera mu nthaka yosasuntha ndi masentimita 8-10.Tseka nyembazo ndi chidziwitso, kuziika pa dzuwa. Kutentha kwa kusungirako kudula ndi 15 ... +17 ° С.
Njira yina yopezera chomera cholimba ndi chosatha ndi kukulumikiza duwa.Maluwa a Blossom amakula kuchokera ku cuttings amayamba chaka, pamene zifalitsidwe zomwe zimayambitsidwa zikhoza kuyamba kufalikira kale kwambiri. Kubzala mbande ndi kofunikira - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May kapena kumapeto kwa September.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kalasi?
Roses "Chopin" ndi ozizira komanso osadziwika ngati hybrid tea maluwa. Komabe, mitundu yachifumu imeneyi ili ndi maonekedwe awoawo. Choyamba, muyenera kusamaliranso bwino mbewuyo m'chaka chake choyamba cha moyo.
Ngati mukufuna kupeza chitsamba chamaluwa, ndibwino kuti mutenge maluwa osakanikirana ndipo musalole kuti ikhale pachimake mpaka August (chifukwa cha Meyi). Maluwa akakhwima, amatha kukongola kwake.
Kuyambira mu August, chomeracho chikhoza kuyamba pachimake - pazaka zino, chomeracho n'cholimba kuti chikhalebe chooneka bwino.
Kodi mungamwetse bwanji?
The "Chopin" zitsamba amafuna nthawi zonse kutsirira mosasamala nyengo. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala mofanana, osati kungoyang'anitsitsa mizu. Mukangomaliza pamwamba, m'pofunikira kuthiranso chomeracho.
Ndimwamba wosanjikizira womwe umakhala ndi chitsimikizo cha chinyezi cha nthaka, ngati chakonzedwa bwino. Pa kambewu kakang'ono kawirikawiri kumatenga 5-10 malita, kwa munthu wamkulu - 15-20 malita kuthirira. Musanayambe kuthirira mbewu, kumasula nthaka popanda kuwononga mizu, kuchotsa namsongole.
Kudya zakudya
Maluwa amafunika kudyetsedwa 3-4 nthawi pa nyengo, osawerengera mineral feteleza panthawi yobzala. Musanayambe masamba, muyenera kudyetsa feteleza. Pambuyo pa kuyamba kwa maluwa potaziyamu phosphate zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito apadera pinki feteleza molingana ndi malangizo.
Mulimonsemo, feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka pokhapokha atathiridwa madzi. Pofuna kuthira pansi osakaniza, muyenera kupanga phokoso pambali pa tsinde la masentimita 30-40 ndikutsanulira feteleza mmenemo.
M'chaka, mukhoza kupopera mbewu ndi sodium humate 0.01%. Manyowawa amadziwika ndi maluwa a maluwa ndipo amachititsa kuti zomerazo zikhale ndi nayitrogeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kasupe kameneka kamakonzekeretsa feteleza. Ndipo pamene masamba ayamba kuoneka, mukhoza kuthirira mbewu ndi succinic acid - imathandizira kukula kwa chitsamba ndi maluwa ake ambiri.
Mukudziwa? Okalamba omwe akukhala akukula pakhoma la tchalitchi chachikulu ku Hildesheim, Germany, ndipo amatchedwa Millennium Rose Garden. Zaka za shrub sizidziwika bwino, koma malingana ndi nthano, ili ndi zaka 1000 zokha.
Mukangomaliza maluwa, m'pofunika kuletsa mitundu yonse ya kuvala. Tsopano chomera chikukonzekera nyengo yozizira.Kukonza zinthu
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, chaka choyamba cha rozi chimadulidwa kumapeto kwa autumn - mphukira imadulidwa pamwamba pa 40-50 masentimita ndikuphimbidwa ndi nyengo yozizira.
Zitsamba zazaka ziwiri zowirira zimadulidwa katatu pa chaka: m'nyengo ya masika, chilimwe ndi nyengo yozizira. Kumapeto kwa nyengo muyenera kuchotsa mphukira zakufa zomwe sizinachitike nthawi yozizira. Pa otsala nthambi muzisiya masamba 3-4, monga pamene mubzala zomera. M'nyengo yozizira, kudulira kumakhala ndi khalidwe lokongoletsera - mawonekedwe a shrub amapangidwa, n'zotheka kudula nthambi ndikuchotsa maluwa. Pamene kudulira chilimwe kumafunikanso kuchotsa nthambi zomwe zikukula mkati mwa chitsamba ndipo sizipereka mphukira. Kudulira kotentha kumakhala kofanana ndi chaka choyamba.
Kuthetsa mphukira ndipamwamba pamwamba pa impso, pambali ndi nthawi zonse lumo lakuthwa kapena shears. Chida chodula chodula chidzawononga tsinde ndipo chikhoza kukhala gwero la matenda.
Pogona m'nyengo yozizira
Chimodzi mwa zinthu za maluwa "Chopin" - chisanu chotsutsa, gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Komabe, maluwa amenewa amafunikanso kukonzekera chisanafike.
Pambuyo pa mphukira zowonjezereka, tifunika kuchotsa masamba onse ndikuwongolera nthaka ndi humus. Kutalika kwa slide ayenera kukhala okwanira - mpaka masentimita 40. Kenaka muluwo uyenera kutenthedwa ndi spandex kapena spunbond. Siyani m'munsi pamphepete mwa kutsegula kwaulere mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira.
Mwamsanga kunja kwa kutentha kumatsikira pansi pa 0 ° C, kusindikiza pansi pa kusindikizidwa mwamphamvu, kukuphwanya pansi. Mvula yamkuntho, mumatha kuika duwa powaliphimba ndi chipale chofewa.
Pamene kasupe ibwera, malo ogona ayenera kukhalabe mpaka chisanu chitatha. Mukangobwera, chotsani chitsulo ndi raskuchivayte shrub, kukumba mizu, chotsani mmenemo. 
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndizosaoneka bwino kwa maluwa, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Chopin yomwe imatsutsana mokwanira ndi matenda otere monga banga ndi powdery mildew. Komabe, ngati chinyezi chimaonekera kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi bwino kuchiza chomeracho ndi mankhwala okonzekera mkuwa monga "HOM", "Oxy", "Prognosis", "Fundazole", ndi zina zotero.
Matenda owopsa kwambiri pa chomera ndi dzimbiri (mawanga a chikasu amapezeka pammera) ndi imvi zowola (mapesi akuvunda). Pofuna kuthetseratu matendawa, chomeracho ndi sprayed ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena Bordeaux madzi.
Zokhudza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, duwa "Chopin" ikhoza kudwala tizilombo ngati izi:
Kangaude mite
- Zizindikiro: "nyemba" yoyera pa masamba.
- Chithandizo: Alatar, Intavir, Sunmite.
Rosan sawfly.- Zizindikiro: tsamba limodzi limakhalabe tsamba.
- Chithandizo: "Intavir", "Aktara".
- Kupewa: imbani pafupi ndi marigolds, calendula kapena nasturtium - izi fungo zimawopsyeza sawflies.
Aphid wobiriwira.- Zizindikiro: mazira obiriwira ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kumbuyo kwa tsamba ndi pa zimayambira.
- Chithandizo: Sambani ndi madzi ndi sopo, kuyeretsa tizilombo, ndipo chitani ndi "Aktellik" kapena "Mtsogoleri".
Kupuma.- Zizindikiro: mapepala okhala ndi mitu yoyera ndi madera akuda.
- Chithandizo: "Vertimek", "Confidor", "Fitoverm".
Kulongosola kulikonse kwa maluwa "Kusankha" sikudzakwanira, chifukwa maluwa amenewa ndi okongola kwambiri. Mwa njira, okonza mapulaneti adakondanso chomera ichi ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kukongoletsa minda yambiri.Okonza amapereka kuti apange kuchokera ku "Chopin" zojambula bwino, kubzala pafupi ndi maluwa okongola a pinki ndi beige, kuphatikizapo mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana monga "Nostalgie", kapena kupanga mitundu yosiyana yozungulira yomwe ili ndi burgundy ndi mitundu yakuda ngati French roses Black Baccara.
