Pofuna kupeŵa kukhumudwitsidwa ndi kukhumudwa, kusamalira mtengo wopanda nzeru ngati pichesi ayenera kukhala chitsanzo-choyenera, osanyalanyaza zinthu zazing'ono.
Choncho, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane ntchito yofunikira kwambiri - pichesi kudulira, yomwe imachitika m'chaka.
Mu kasupe, pichesi imadulidwa kuti ikhale korona yachilengedwe pafupi ndi mtengo, ndiko kuti, zimakhala bwino kusamalira chomeracho, kuzitsuka, ndi kubzala zipatso.
Kudulira kumakhudza kukula kwa mapichesi, zimakula zipatso zazikulu, zokondweretsa komanso zonunkhira.
Nthawi ndi cholinga chodulira
Nthawi yabwino yopeta Zimatengedwa kuti nthawi yayitali pakati pa kuyamba kwa kutupa kwa masamba ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa. Nthawiyi ili pafupi masabata awiri kapena atatu ndipo zimadalira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri imatha kuoneka ngati maonekedwe a pinki ndikufalikira, ndi ofanana ndi sabata imodzi. Pakalipano zipatso zamtundu zimadziwika bwino, ndipo chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka cytosporosis, kudzera m'magawo otseguka, pamtengo amakhala ochepa.
Zolinga zapakatizomwe zadzala ndi pichesi zidulidwe zimaganiziridwa:
• Kuwonjezera nthawi ya fruiting ndi kupanga mtundu wokongoletsa.
• Kusunga ndi kusunga nkhuni mudziko labwino.
• Kukonzekera kwa kayendedwe pakati pa korona wamtengo ndi mizu yake.
• Kudulira mitengo kumalimbikitsa maluwa a pichesi ndi fruiting
Peach kudulira kwa zaka zosiyana
Spring kudulira, mu chaka chodzala
Mtengo umenewo, pamene udabzalidwa, pakupangira korona kukhala mumtsuko, mtengo uyenera fufuzani mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 60-70 (Masentimita 20 kupitirira kuposa kutalika kwa buledi wamba).
Kukula, kumene kuli pamwamba, kuyenera kukhala ndi kutuluka kwakukulu. Ndikofunika kusankha zoonjezera ziwiri zomwe zili pansipa, ndi zofanana. Amadulidwa masentimita 10, pa impso zakunja. Kuyambira akuwombera pa thunthu ndi pafupi ndi malo otambasula pa thunthu, amachotsedwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa mphukira. Kuwombera kumene kwayamba kukula ndikukhala mkati mwa korona kumachotsedwa m'chilimwe.
Chaka chachiwiri kudulira
Kwa pichesi mitengo yomwe ikukula chaka chachiwiri, khama lililonse limapangidwa kuti liwonjezere kapena kukhalabe otsika kwambiri pamtunda wa zigoba. Kupititsa patsogolo kwatsopano increments, kuchepetsedwa mpaka 60-70 cm. Zopindulitsa zimakula, kukula pansi, ndi pamwamba, muyenera kuchotsa, ndi zomwe zimakula kuchokera kumbali - zochepa, zimasiya nthawi yomweyo masentimita 15, ndi kuchotsa kutalika ndi masamba awiri. M'nthawi ya chilimwe akulangizidwa kuchotsani mafuta mphukira, zomwe ziri pakati pa korona, ndipo zimayang'anira kugwirizana kwa nthambi zazikuru za pichesi.
Chaka chachitatu kudulira
Pa pichesi skeletal nthambi, pamwamba, sankhani nthambi ziwiri zamphamvu kwambiri, amadulidwa mpaka masentimita 60 kuchokera pamalo omwe nthambi yaikulu inayamba kugawidwa. Ndipo pamwamba pa nthambi yapamwamba, mbali yaikulu ya wopondereza imachotsedwa. Pamwamba ndi pansi pa chigoba nthambi kuchotsa amphamvu mphukira.
Ngati kutalika kwa chaka chokwanira kukufika pa 80 cm, ndiye kuti iwo amathyoledwa, amadulidwa awiri, kuti apange zipatso zotsatirazi. Zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu osabisa zipatso, omwe amafupikitsidwa ndi masamba 8. Kuti apindule kwambiri ndi mphukira zapansi, zomwe zimakula kuti zisafooke, kuthawa pamwamba kumadulidwa mpaka 50 cm.
Pa nthambi, zomwe zafupikitsidwa chaka chatha ndi masamba awiri, kukula kwake kukufupikitsidwa kwa fruiting, ndi kukula kwache kwa masamba awiri. Ndizo sitepe yoyamba yopanga chipatso cha zipatsozomwe m'tsogolomu zidzakhala zikuluzikulu za fruiting mu mtengo wamkulu wa pichesi.
Chaka chachinayi kudulira
Chachinai, chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chaka chatha cha kukula kwa pichesi, yomwe ili nthawi yoti akwaniritse mapangidwe a korona ya vase pafupi ndi mafupa a mtengo. Pamwamba pa chigawo chachiwiri chogawanika, zigawo ziwiri zoyenera ziyenera kusankhidwa, ndipo zifupikitsidwa ndi 1/3 za kutalika kwake. Kukula komanso kukula kwa kukula kwa pamwamba ndi pansi kwa mtengo wa mafuta ndi mafuta, omwe ali pamunsi pa thunthu.
Pa magawano a yachiwiri mapangidwe a zipatso amatha, ndipo mu magawano achitatu, kukula kumachepa, ena amadulidwa posachedwa ndi masamba awiri, otsalirawo amakhala ataliatali ndi magulu 7-8 a masamba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nthambi zosabereka zipatso zosatha.
Pazowonjezera zipatso za choyamba Mbali zomwe sizikhalanso chipatso zimachotsedwa pa pichesi. Komanso nthambi za m'munsi, zomwe zinadulidwa mchaka chachitatu chitatha kubzala, zimadulidwa maluwa awiri, omwe ali pansipa, ndipo pamtunda waukulu, magulu 7-8 a masamba amachotsedwa kuti ayambe kupanga fruiting.
Kukonza dongosolo
Nthawizonse ankakhulupirira izo mtengo wokongola wa mtengo wa pichesi ndi mawonekedwe ngati korona. Koma korona wotere wa mtengowo umatenga malo ambiri m'munda wa zipatso, nthawi zinai, ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa zimatengera nthawi yochuluka ndi ntchito kuti ipange. Zokwanira minda ya dziko, mwachitsanzo, zochepa, koma zosayenera kwa minda yayikulu.
Mitengo ya peach mtengo Zitha kuganiziridwa: shtamb 50-60 cm, pansi pamtunda ndi masentimita 20 pakati pa masamba 3-4 mafupa. Nthambi iliyonse yasiya nthambi ziwiri zapadera, pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera pamzake. Pamwamba pa chigawo choyambirira chimaikidwa nthambi yachiwiri ya nthambi za chigoba, muyeso wa zisanu. Kwa zaka zisanu za kukula kwa mtengo wa pichesi, kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala kuyambira 2.5 mpaka 3 mamita.
Chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe ka zakudya, mtengo wa pichesi, pamene kudulira, bwino kupanga chitsamba. Fomu iyi imathandiza kupeza kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi nthambi zonse, chifukwa pichesi ndi mtengo womwe umasowa dzuwa.
Zida
Mfundo Zazikulu trim akhoza kuganiziridwa:
• Dulani pichesi yomwe ikuperekedwa m'chaka. Nthambi zimachotsedwa kuti mtengowo utenge korona wofanana ndi mbale.
• Podula nthambi, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ku chiwerengero cha nthambi zotulutsa zipatso. Ndi nambala yokwanira ya zigoba zimayamba kusoweka. Iwo amafupikitsidwa mpaka masamba awiri atatsala.
• Pambuyo kukolola, kudulira mitengo kumadulidwa.
• Chifukwa mtengo wa pichesi umabala chipatso, chiwerengero cha nthambi zosakanizidwa chimayendetsedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito fruiting wambiri, nthambi makumi asanu ndi zitatu zimatsalira, ndipo ndizosabala zipatso zambiri, ndibwino kuti muzisiye pamtundu wake pafupifupi 200.
Zolemba zimachepetsa mtengo wawung'ono:
• Nkhono yaikulu ya pichesi imapangidwira panthawiyi pamene pali mphukira zazing'ono pa mbande.
• Mukamadzala pichesi pansi, musiyeni mphukira zitatu kapena zinayi pansi pa mtengo, ena onse achotsedwa.
• M'chaka, chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, mphukira yosankhidwa imadulidwa ku 1 / 3-1 / 4 ya kutalika kwake.
• Nthambi zomwe ziri pakati pa pichesi zimadulidwa mwachidule monga momwe zingathere m'chaka chachitatu.
• Mphukira yazitsulo imadulidwa, chifukwa sichibala zipatso.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za pichesi kudulira nthawi zina za chaka.
Zida
Pamene mukudulira mtengo wosakhwima ngati pichesi, muyenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuti ndizofunika kwambiri amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuti adulendipo chifukwa chake kugwedeza kwachitika mosamala ndipo sitepe iliyonse imaganiziridwa. Zida zomwe zidzakonzedwa pichesi zimafunika ayenera kutetezedwa mwachitsulo mu njira Bordeaux osakaniza. Mabala onse ndi kudula kwa mtengo ayenera kumangidwe panthawi yomweyo. Zida zogwiritsira ntchito pichesi, ziyenera kukhala zothandiza, kusungidwa pamalo ouma osati dzimbiri, ayenera kukhala pansi asanayambe ntchito. Pochita ntchito ya kumunda, m'pofunikira kusunga malamulo okhudzidwa.
Pamene kudulira pichesi kungakhale kothandiza zowonjezera munda:
1) Pruner. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa nthambi zoonda zomwe zimafanana ndi lumo ndi tsamba lopindika. Pali mitundu iŵiri ya odulira: ndi tsamba lofanana (lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mtundu uliwonse wa mitengo yodulira) ndi kudula kumbali imodzi (yogwiritsidwa ntchito kudulira mphukira ndi kupukuta korona).
2) Lopper. Zikuwoneka ngati se-secateurs omwe akugwira nthawi yaitali. Amachotsa nthambi zomwe zili pamwambapa.
3) Munda wawona. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 35, mano amaumitsidwa, ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a crescent.
4) Chainsaw. Ndibwino kupanga ntchito yambiri ndi mitengo, mitengo ikhoza kudula popanda kugwiritsa ntchito masitepe ngakhale mamita asanu msinkhu.
5) Munda wamunda Amadula kukula kwa zaka chimodzi, kuchotsa mphukira zachitsamba cha mtengo wachinyamata, kutulutsa zowonongeka kapena malo ocheka.
6) Sitsutsani mdulidwe kudulira zitsamba, zinga, zabwino kuti apange korona. Kusakaniza odubula amadziwika ndi mtundu wa injini. Iwo ndi mafuta, magetsi kapena batri.
7) Shredder amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kubwezeretsa zonyansa za m'munda. Ndibwino kuti iwo asinthe nthambi zowulidwa, masamba, namsongole. Pamapeto pake, zinyalalazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozembera bwalo la thunthu ndi kanjira. Iwo ali a mitundu iwiri: mafuta ndi magetsi.
