Pakati pa mitundu yatsopano ya mphesa, mitundu yosankha ya ku Russia Harold ndiyodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kucha kwake koyambirira komanso kukoma kosazolowereka kwa zipatso. Ndemanga za olima masamba amphesa izi ndizosemphana, koma zabwino zilipobe.
Mbiri yakukula mphesa Harold
Oyambirira kupsa Harold adalandira oweta VNIIViV iwo. J.I. Potapenko. Kuti apange mitundu yatsopano, mphesa za Vostorg ndi Arcadia zidawolokedwa, kenako ma hybrid apakatikati omwe adalandira kuchokera kwa iwo adawoloka ndi Muscat yotentha. Poyamba, Harold wosakanizidwa amangotchedwa IV-6-5-pc.
Harold sanatchulidwebe m'kaundula wa State, koma wapezeka kale kutchuka pakati pa omwe amagulitsa viniga kuchokera kumadera osiyanasiyana a Russia chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo komanso kukolola kwakukulu.
Harold wosakanizidwa amatha kubzala ngakhale ku Siberia, chifukwa pamafunika chilimwe kufupi ndi kumpoto kwa chilimwe kuti zipse.
Mphesa za Harold pavidiyo
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi
Harold ndi wa mitundu yoyambirira yakucha ya tebulo. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa nyengo yokukula mpaka kucha, masiku 95-100 akudutsa. Mwachitsanzo, mumzinda wa Novocherkassk, zokolola zitha kukolola kumapeto kwa Julayi.
Tchire limadziwika ndi kukula kwamphamvu ndi mphamvu ya mipesa. Pafupifupi 4/5 ya mphukira yomwe idabereka imabala zipatso. Mipesa yosinthika komanso yolimba yomwe imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira owonekera bwino imacha bwino mkati mwa nyengo. Pa chitsamba chilichonse, timagulu tambiri pafupifupi awiri timapangidwa (pa mpesa uliwonse, timabowo tambiri tambiri 1-2 timaphukira). Kuphatikiza pa mbewu yayikulu, maburashi angapo amawoneka pamasitepe, omwe amachititsa kuti mbewu yachiwiri ikwere.
Maluwa a Harold mphesa - kanema
Masango ali m'malo owonda kwambiri, kulemera kwakukulu ndi 250-300 g (pazitali 500 g). Mawonekedwe a masango ndi acylindrical. Zipatso zazing'onoting'ono (5-6 g) ndizopanda, zowongoka pang'ono kumapeto. Khungu limakhala lozikika, koma silisokoneza chakudya. Pa nthawi yaukadaulo wobiriwira, mtundu wa zipatso umakhala wobiriwira, ndipo utakhwima kwathunthu, umakhala wachikasu. Izi zamkati ndizaphikidwe, koma, ndi tanthauzo, okonda "madzi". Kukoma kwa zamkaka ndikosangalatsa kwambiri, komwe kumanunkhidwa ngati muscat. Zambiri zam shuga mu zipatso ndizambiri - 19-20 g pa 100 cm3, asidi wochepa (4-5 g / l).
Zipatso za Harold ndizabwino kwambiri kwa mitundu yoyambirira
Makhalidwe Osiyanasiyana
Mphesa za Harold zimakhala ndi maubwino angapo:
- kucha kwambiri;
- zokolola zambiri (ndi chisamaliro choyenera mpaka 14-15 makilogalamu kuchokera ku chitsamba 1);
- mafunde awiri a zipatso;
- kukana kulimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi (khosi, oidium, imvi zowola);
- kusungidwa bwino kwa masango pachitsamba (amatha kupachika popanda kutaya ndi kuyanika mpaka pakati pa Seputembala);
- kukana zoyendera ndi moyo wautalifufufu;
- kuzindikira kwa dothi komanso nyengo.
Zoyipa zamitundu:
- chizolowezi chodzaza (kugawa mbewu ndikofunikira);
- kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka zamkati;
- kutsika kwa fungo la nati.
Kusagundidwa kwa chisanu sikunakhale kokhazikika, koma molingana ndi malingaliro a opanga vinyo Harold amalola chisanu bwino mpaka -25 zaNdi
Malamulo obzala ndi kukula mphesa Harold
Wophatikiza Harold ndi wonyentchera pakukula, komabe, kuti akapeze zokolola zambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo aukadaulo aulimi.
Kubzala mphesa
Harold sakukwera pansi. Zachidziwikire, nthaka ikadzala kwambiri, zipatso zake zimachuluka. Njira zabwino dothi ndi chernozem kapena dothi lina lowoneka bwino, lopanga chinyezi komanso la michere yambiri. Pafupipafupi pamadzi apansi panthaka ndi chinyezi chifukwa cha mphesa ndi zotsutsana. Ngati tsamba lanu lili kumtunda, muyenera kubzala mphesa paphiri (kuphatikiza zozikika) kapena kutulutsira madzi pansi.
Malowa adasankhidwa kuti abzala ayenera kuwalidwa bwino komanso kutetezedwa ndi mphepo yozizira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mphesa "sindimakonda" kuyandikira kwa nyumba ndi mitengo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti podula bwino kwa chitsamba pamakhala ngozi yotenga matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Mukabzala tchire zingapo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipeze mzere wa 3 m, mtunda pakati pa mbewu mumizere ya 1 mita.
Mutha kubzala mphesa kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. Kubzala masika (kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Meyi m'malo osiyanasiyana) kumawoneka kuti ndikwabwino, popeza mmera umatha kuzika mizu ndikukula mwamphamvu nthawi yachisanu.
Kubzala Harold, malinga ndi omwe amachita mphesa zamtundu wa amateur, ndikofunikira kuchita mbande, osati mothandizidwa ndi odulidwa. Kupambana kwa kubzala kumadalira makamaka kubzala. Mbande zitha kugulidwa kapena kukulira palokha. Pogula mmera, onetsetsani kuti mutha kusinthasintha (sikuyenera kukhwima mukakunga). Mizu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa (mizu 4 yayitali), popanda zizindikiro za matenda kapena kuwonongeka. Chiwerengero chokwanira cha masamba pambewu ndi 4-5.
Mbande zogula ziyenera kukhala zathanzi, ndi mizu yoyambira
Podzidulira nokha, ndikofunikira kukonzekereratu pasadakhale - kudula zodulidwazo kuchokera ku gawo lakucha la mpesa mu nthawi yophukira, ndikukulunga ndi polyethylene ndikuyiyika phula lamunsi la firiji. Chapakati pa mwezi wa febru, kudula kumayikidwa mumtsuko wamadzi m'chigawo chowunikiracho ndikuyembekezera kuti mizu iphukire. Mutha kumiza zodulidwa mu dothi lonyowa.
Kukula mbande za mphesa ku Chubuk - kanema
Kubzala mbande panthaka kumachitika kutentha kwa mzere kukakhala kupitirira 15 zaC. Asanabzike, mizu ya mmera kwa maola 24-48 imamizidwa mu yankho la chowonjezera chomeracho.
Ku tchire lirilonse, maenje 0,8 m ndikuya mulifupi mwake amakonzedwa pasadakhale. Kufikira hafu yakuya, dzenjelo limadzazidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana, dothi la humus (kapena peat) ndikuphatikizira feteleza wa potash ndi phosphorous.
Zosakaniza ndi micherezo zimakonkhedwa ndi dothi loonda lodetsa kuti mizu ya mmera isavutike.
Mmera wokhala ndi mizu yofalikira umayikidwa panthaka (yesani kuti musaphwanye mizu yoyera!), Amakutidwa ndi dothi ndikuwumbika. Kuzungulira chitsamba pangani kanyumba kakang'ono ndikuthirira ndikutsanulira ndowa ziwiri za madzi. Nthaka mozungulira mmera uyenera kuphatikizidwa.
Kubzala mphesa pavidiyo
Kusamalira mphesa
Zokolola zabwino kuchokera kwa Harold zitha kupezeka pomamupatsa chisamaliro choyenera. Tchire zazikulu zimafunikira kupangidwa ndi kudulira nthawi zonse. Mapangidwe achitsamba amatha kuchitika mwa njira yotengera.
Kupanga mafani kumatenga zaka 3-4
Madera akum'mwera, kumene mphesa zimatha kubzalidwa popanda malo ozizira, kulima moyenera kumatheka. Kuti muchite izi, siyani mipesa yayikulu ya 1-2, yomwe imakwezedwa mokhazikika mpaka kumtunda womwe mukufuna (2-3 m), kenako ndikugawa mphukira kuchokera kumtunda kwa "thunthu" pazoyimirira.
Ngati palibe chifukwa chotsitsira mphesa pansi nthawi iliyonse yozizira, mutha kumalima ngati mtengo wokhala ndi tsinde lalitali
Chaka chilichonse muyenera kudulira mpesa zing'onozing'ono, kusiya masamba 25-30 pa chilichonse. Nthawi yamaluwa kapena itangomera, thumba losunga mazira limasinthasintha, apo ayi chitsamba chimadzaza kwambiri ndipo zipatso zake zidzachepa. Osasiya masamba oposa 30 pachitsamba.
Kunenepa kwamphamvu kumathandizanso kuti zipatso za mphesa zizikidwanso ndipo zimathandizira kuyika maluwa amtsogolo.
Ma Stepsons akumadera ozizira amafunika kuthyoka kuti chitsamba sichigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pakukula kwawo. M'madera akumwera, ana opeza ndiye gwero lachiwiri lokolola (kucha pofika Okutobala). Amafunikanso kuvotera - osapitilira 20 inflorescences sayenera kutsalira pama stepons.
Kututa mphesa - mavidiyo
Nthawi yakula, mphesa zimafunika kuthiriridwa. Harold imalekerera chilala pang'onopang'ono, koma osavomerezeka kuti aume dothi. Ndikokwanira kukwaniritsa kuthirira kwa 3-4 pa nyengo iliyonse: kumapeto kwa maluwa, kuthira zipatso mutakolola. Pansi pa tchire akuluakulu amapatula mabatani okwanira 5 amadzi okhazikika. Musanagone nyengo yachisanu, mu Okutobala, mutha kuyesanso kuthirira kwina (ndowa 6.7 pachitsamba chilichonse).
Kuti dothi lisungidwe chinyezi bwino, mulch pamwamba pa thunthu mozungulira ndi utuchi, udzu kapena udzu wopota.
Feteleza ayenera kuyamba kuyamwa kuyambira chaka chachitatu mpaka chachinayi mutabzala (izi zisanachitike, chakudya chopatsa thanzi chimaperekedwa ndi organic ndi mchere zomwe zimayambitsidwa nthawi yobzala). Mavalidwe apachaka opaka pachaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu nthawi yotentha. Nitrogen, phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu amasungunuka mumtsuko wamadzi muyezo wa 2: 4: 1. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitika nthawi ya maluwa kapena itatha. Ndikokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe pakatha zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe amadzimadzi (mullein solution kapena kulowetsedwa kwa mbalame) kapena yolimba - ngati wosanjikiza wa mulch mu thunthu bwalo.
Momwe mungadyetse mphesa - kanema
Mwa kukana kwake konse matenda oyamba ndi fungus, Harold amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito fungosides okhala ndi phosphorous, koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito 1% Bordeaux. Kumwaza kumachitika kamodzi pachilimwe, nthawi yoyamba - asanakhale maluwa.
Tizilombo nthawi zambiri sigwira mphesa, kupatula mavu ndi mbalame. Ndipo kwa iwo ndi kwa ena, njira zabwino kwambiri zodzitetezera ndikukhomera zitsamba ndi ukonde kapena kumangirira tchire chilichonse ndi thumba la mauna.
Mabesiti a mesh amasungidwa muulemerero wake wonse
Kwa nthawi yozizira, Harold amafunika kuti azikhala pokhapokha m'malo ozizira, popeza kuuma kwa mpesa ndi -25 zaC. Kuti muteteze ku nyengo yozizira, mphukira itadulidwa m'dzinja imatsitsidwa kuchokera ku trellis, yomangirizidwa ndikutsitsidwa pansi. Mutha kuphimba ndi agrofabric, nthambi za spruce, udzu, filimu kapena kungophimba ndi lapansi.
Mpesa zowazidwa ndi dothi kuti muteteze ku chisanu
Kututa ndi Kututa
Chomera choyamba cha Harold chikhoza kukololedwa kumapeto kwa Julayi - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, ndipo chachiwiri kumapeto kwa Seputembala - koyambirira kwa Okutobala.
Ena opanga ma vinyu amaswa maburashi, koma ndi bwino kuwadula ndi ma secateurs. Mabulashi amalekerera mayendedwe ngati atayikidwa muzopanda madzi.
Ngakhale maburashi akucha atha kukhalabe pachitsamba popanda kuwonongeka kwa miyezi inanso 1.5-2, ndibwino kuti asalole kuti apachike nthawi yayitali. Mukakonzanso mafuta, fungo la nutmeg limafooka, ndipo thupi limakhala "lamadzi". Kubera zipatso pachitsamba kumakhala koyenera ngati kuli kofunika kupanga vinyo kuchokera ku mphesa.
Madzi a Mphesa - Chimodzi Mwa Zakumwa Zabwino Kwambiri
Masango a Harold omwe ali ndi nthawi yake amakhala ndi zipatso, koma mumatha kupanga zipatso zokoma, compote kapena ma backmes (uchi wa mphesa) kuchokera kwa iwo.
Ndemanga za omwe amapanga vinyo
Koma sindikumvetsa - nchiyani chomwe chimakondweretsa Harold? Kukula kwake? Inde, ali ndi kukula pang'ono m'malo mwake, sindikudziwa momwe wina aliyense amakhalira ndi chiwembu, koma mu prom. Mukabzala ndi 3 x 0,5 mamilimita, masango nthawi zambiri samapitirira 500 g, mabulosi akuya 5-6 g pazokwanira. Ali ndi mwayi, wosagonjetseka (m'mikhalidwe yathu) - uku ndi kukhwima msanga. Anthu ambiri amazikonda - nutmeg yowala. Thupi, lingaliro langa, likhoza kukhala lonenepa. Vuto lina ndikuti limadzaza ndi mbewuyo, ndipo ikadzaza, imasowa kwambiri (cholowa kuchokera ku Arcadia). Mwa kufatsa, kukana pamlingo wa Kodryanka, kupita ku oidium kumakhala koyipa kwambiri. Takhala tikukula kwa nthawi yayitali osaphimba, koma kuwuma, ndipo tsopano ndikusunga. Chidule chachikulu - mawonekedwe ndi abwino komanso osangalatsa, koma osati bomba, ngati mukufuna.
Kwa mitundu yam'munda yomwe imayamba kucha kwambiri, peel ya Harold ndiyotakata (izi zimamveka poyerekeza ndi zamkati), koma zimadya ndipo kutsindika kwa peel sikuchitika pakudya. Zipatsozi sizinaphulike, sizinawonongeke, ndipo zimapilira mayendedwe moyenera - ngakhale sanazitengere kupita mtunda wautali, koma ananyamula pa thirakitala 5 km - koma ichi ndichizindikiro.
Krasokhina, Novocherkassk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=699
HAROLD adadziwonetsa yekha mwangwiro: zonse muzu, ndipo (zomwe zidadabwitsa) katemera. Pogona ndi yopepuka: zopangira burlap (zonenepa kuposa masiku onse, zinatenga zinyalala m'misika yomanga: monga chidebe cha matumba ena ...) Impso zonse zidatuluka m'nyengo yozizira. Harold anali woyamba kwambiri kuyambitsa nyengo yokulitsa, ndipo chifukwa chake, kukulako kunali kwakukulu. Ndikuganiza kuti ichi ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zakukula msanga. Tiye tiwone pamene ukufalikira ...
Vladimir_Sumy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=699
Ndinkamukonda kwambiri Harold. + Wovunda, wopangidwa ndi mungu, wopanga zipatso, koma wosangalatsa kwambiri ndi woyamba kwambiri ndi masango abwino komanso mabulosi akuluakulu. Tafika tsopano ku dera la 14-75, Plovsky, Ekaro 35. Harold ali "wokhoza kudya", ndipo popeza ali ndi mikhalidwe yabwino, Harold akutumiza kufunsa kwa utsogoleri pakati pa mitundu yoyambirira yam'madera athu. Chifukwa chake, kumpoto, kupsyinjika, ndikofunikira kubzala.
Wincher, Stary Oskol//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=699
Harold adakhumudwitsidwa, ngakhale kuyitanitsa woyamba mabulosi asanu kunali kwakukulu. Ndipo zamkati sizamadzimadzi ndipo nutmeg inali yabwino. Ndimaganiza kuti zingakhale zabwinoko kuposa izi, koma zidakhala mbali inayo. Zaka ziwiri motsatizana zatha! Munda wanga wamphesa suthiramo, kusamalira mbewa, tchire silodwala.
Bataychanin. Bataisk. Dera la Rostov//vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?p=347851
Harold ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yodziyimira ya kishmish, yomwe ngakhale wobala mphete wopanda nzeru sangayime. Mbali yabwino ndi mbewu iwiri komanso fungo labwino la nati.
