Ndi chomera chotani ampelous begonia ndi momwe angasamalirire?

Ampel begonias - chisankho chabwino cha kuvala kwa arbors, zomangamanga ndi mipanda. Tuberous osatha amasiyana ndi kudzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndipo amadziwika ndi yaitali drooping mphukira, kuwala masamba, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi osiyanasiyana mitundu. Nkhaniyi ikuuzeni zomwe Ampelnaya Begonia ali, ndi mitundu yanji ya zomera ndi momwe mungasankhire, momwe mungabzalidwe ndi kusamalira, zomwe mukufunikira kuti mufalitse begonia, komanso zomwe tizirombo ndi matenda angatiopseze.

Kodi maluwa awa ndi chiyani?

Ampelnaya begonia ndi chitsamba cha 20-25 cm mu msinkhu. Kuwombera kumafika masentimita 40 m'litali. Masamba obiriwira amtunduwu amapangidwa pa bulum zimayambira. Maluwawo ali ndi mamita awiri masentimita, monoecious, kugonana komweko ndi mitundu yowala:

• Pinki
• Ofiira
• Orange.
• Kusokonezeka.

Pa ampelous begonias kukula mitundu iwiri ya maluwa: yazimayi ndi yamwamuna.

Thandizo! Maluwa pa begonias amakhala osapitirira masiku khumi ndikufa. Kutalika maluwa chifukwa cha kukula kwatsopano kwa masamba.

Kumalo otseguka, chikhalidwe chimamasula kuchokera pakati pa chilimwe ndipo chimapitirizabe pachimake mpaka chisanu (mosamalidwa bwino). Kunyumba, ampelous begonia ndi strewn ndi maluwa pafupifupi chaka chonse.

Ampel begonias amachokera ku mvula yam'mvula yam'mlengalenga. Asia, India, Africa, South America. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za XVII, chikhalidwe ichi chafalikira ku Ulaya. Iye anabweretsa Plume ya nerd. Dzina lake - "begonia" chomera cholandiridwa mwa kulemekeza Begon - wokonzekera ulendo wopita kuzilumba za South America.

Zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wosakanizidwa. Anagulidwa ndi kusinthidwa ndi obereketsa pansi pa nyengo yathu. Pali mndandanda waukulu wa mitundu ya tuberous ampelous begonia - Chanson. Zomera zimadziwika ndi masentimita awiri ndi awiri ozungulira maluwa 6-8 masentimita awiri, mawonekedwe a ngamila. Kutalika kwa mphukira kuyambira 30 mpaka 40 cm. Mitundu yotchuka ya mndandanda wa nyimbo:

• Vanilla wachikasu.
• White
• Salimoni
• Mkuwa.
• Mdima wofiira
• Maluwa awiri a pinki ndi oyera.
• Mizere iwiri ya lalanje-wachikasu ndi ena.

Ampel mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa amalimoto amatulutsa kachigawo kakang'ono ka tuber begonia. Kusiyana kwake kwakukulu ndiko kuyesa kukula kwa nthambi. Izi zikuwoneka bwino mu chithunzi.

Taonani zithunzi za mitundu:

Vanilla chikasu:

White:

Salimoni:

Mkuwa:

Mdima wofiira:

Zovala ziwiri zoyera:

Mizere iwiri ya lalanje-wachikasu:

Zotsatira zofika

Kuyala zinthu zogulidwa m'nyengo yozizira. Kumera kumayamba mu March. Zakudya zathanzi zimabzalidwa miphika ndi kukula kwake kuposa masentimita atatu. Asanadzalemo, amasungidwa mumchenga komanso nsalu yonyowa. Onetsetsani kuti muwotche ndikutentha. Kuyala zakuthupi nthawi ndi nthawi kumaphatidwa ndi madzi ofunda otentha. Zida ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono komanso zazikulu komanso ndi dzenje.

Zomwe zimalima ampelous begonias mu mphika:

1. Pansi pa thankiyo panali bwalo losanjikizidwa ndi njerwa kapena miyala, yokutidwa ndi mchenga kuchokera pamwamba.
2. Thirani gawo lapansi la begonias. Pofuna kupewa, dothi limatulutsidwa ndi fungicide kapena potassium permanganate.
3. Kuyala zakuthupi kumafalikira pa nthaka yonyowa ndi mbali yowonongeka.
4. Danga lozungulira mogona. Gawo lapamwamba lasiyidwa kwaulere.
5. Tim tubers kwathunthu amagona pokhapokha maonekedwe akuphuka. Koma osati zakuya.

Begonias anabzala m'miphika amakhala malo otentha.

Anamwetsa mofatsa, osalola chinyezi ku tubers. Ampel begonia ankazoloŵera dzuwa lowala koma losiyana. Kubzala m'munda kumasankha malo otetezedwa ku mphepo ndi dzuwa lotentha.. Kuphimba ndi kofunika kuti tipewe kuyaka pa masamba.

Nthawi yabwino yopita pamsewu ndi kuyamba kwa July. Nthaka ya begonia imayenera kukhala yopuma komanso yopanda mphamvu. Sandstone yosakanizidwa ndi peat ndi masamba humus adzachita. Ngati mundawu uli ndi loam, umachepetsedwa ndi masamba humus, mchenga.

Kukonzekera kwazomwe zimabzala ampelous begonia pamsewu:

1. Pangani mabowo a chitsamba chilichonse, poganizira kukula kwake. Pakati pa zomera zazikulu, nthawiyi iyenera kukhala yosachepera 30 cm, pakati pa sing'anga - 20 cm, pakati pa zomera zazing'ono - masentimita 15.
2. M'zitsime kuwonjezera phulusa losakaniza ndi humus kapena gawo lapadera.
3. Sungani nthaka ndikuyika mbande.
4. Pansi pa kuthawa kuli ndi dziko lapansi.

Dothi lowazidwa ndi phulusa ndi humus. Onetsetsani kuti mutulutse nthaka ya mpweya kuti ikuyenda.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Home-made begonia imakonda kuunikira bwino ndi kuwala, kosavuta kunyumba. Ndibwino kuika miphika ndi zomera kumalo komwe dzuwa ndi madzulo lidzagwa pa iwo (isanafike 11 ndi 15 koloko). Ndi bwino kuika maluwa kumayanja akummawa ndi kumadzulo.

Masamba adzawotchera, kuuma ndi kuyamba kufota. Chikhalidwe cha kutentha:

• M'chilimwe, osati pamwamba komanso madigiri 20-22.
• M'nyengo yozizira, osati poyerekeza ndi kuphatikizapo 15.
• Pa nthawi yopuma - kuphatikizapo 7-10.

M'nyengo yotentha, zitsamba ndi zomera zimatha kutulutsidwa kumalo kapena kumtunda. Ikani malo otetezedwa ku mphepo ndi mvula. Begonias amakonda kuthirira nthawi zonse koma moyenera. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu.

Kusamba malamulo:

1. Njira yosasuntha - 2-3 nthawi pa sabata.
2. Kupopera mbewu kuchokera ku sprayer sikuchotsedwa.
3. Simungatenge madzi ozizira pampopu. Asanagwiritse ntchito, imatetezedwa masana, yosankhidwa kapena yophika.
4. Mthunzi umagawidwa mofanana mu chotengera.
5. Musalole nthaka kuti iume.

Thirani pa begonias ndi madzi ofewa okha. M'nyengo yozizira, chinyezi chachepetsedwa. Kuchitidwa ngati dziko limalira kamodzi pa sabata. Mu nthawi ya maluwa ambiri madzi nthawi zambiri.

Mu kukula, chikhalidwe chokongoletsera chimadyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni feteleza. Pa nthawi ya maluwa timapanga timadzi timene timakhala ndi nayitrogeni ndipo timakhala ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. 1-2 pa chaka akhoza kumera ndi zinthu zakuthupi. Ngati pakufunika, masamba ndi maluwa amauma amachotsedwa ku begonias.

Mbewu zotseguka zimapatsidwa madzi okwanira, feteleza ndi kupalira. Kusamba madzi:

• Sungunulani mochuluka (makamaka nyengo yamvula), koma musalole chinyezi chokhazikika.
• Kuthirira kumachitika masiku atatu. Bwino m'mawa.
• Madzi kuzungulira muzu.

Young zomera amadyetsedwa ndi phosphate ndi potashi feteleza. Mitengo ya maluwa imamangidwa ndi mankhwala ovuta. Poyamba kudyetsa chakudya chozizira ndi kuthirira. Mankhwala a begonias akukonzekera nyengo yozizira: mapesi amadulidwa, tubers amakumba pambuyo masabata awiri. Pambuyo kuyanika, amatsukidwa, amaikidwa m'bokosi ndipo amasiyidwa kusungirako pamalo ozizira: m'firiji kapena pansi.

Matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo

Mu begonias, wovunda wamba ndi imvi zowola, powdery mildew. Njira yothetsera mkuwa sulphate ndi sopo imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsuka imvi. Kupambana ndi powdery mildew kumathandiza mankhwala Morestan kapena Readzola.

Zimayambitsa matenda:

1. Kuthira madzi okwanira: chikasu, abscission ndi tsamba zowola.
2. Malo amdima kwambiri: masamba akudetsedwa.
3. Mpweya wouma: kutaya masamba, maluwa ndi masamba.
4. Kutentha kwakukulu: masamba akutha.

Begonias amagwira tizirombo: wowonjezera kutentha nsabwe za m'masamba, zofewa zodzikongoletsera, ziphuphu, zobiriwira, kutentha kwa akangaude ndi ena.

Pofuna kuteteza matenda ndi kuukira kwa tizilombo towononga tiziteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides yogwira ntchito zovuta:

• Fundazol.
• Maxim.
• Topaz.
• Mwamsanga
• Fitosporin-M

Kuswana

Ampel begonias amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu, kudula, kugawa kwa tubers. Mbewu zabzala kumapeto kwa February. Kwa mbewu za granulated, mapiritsi a peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga choyambira. Amayikidwa pamphuno ndipo amawathira mochuluka. Bzalani mbeu ndikuwaza madzi m'chipinda. Phimbani ndi polyethylene. Sungani nthawi zonse.

Mbewu zosafesedwa zimabzalidwa mabokosi mu nthaka yosakanizidwa ndi ngalande.. Sungani m'chipinda chowala pa kutentha kwa madigiri 22-24.

Kubalana ndi cuttings:

1. Kudula ndi kukonzekera kwa zimayambira.
2. Chotsani masamba owonjezera ndi magawo owuma.
3. Mmene zimagwirira ntchito mu chotengera ndi madzi kutentha.
4. Kubzala miphika pambuyo pa maonekedwe a mizu.

Kwa kubereka ndi kugawa tuber ndi kudula mu zidutswa zingapo., kuti pamtunda uliwonse padzakhala kuthawa bwino. Zigawo zimaperekedwa ndi makala ndi zouma masana. Kenako anabzala mu chidebe. Kuwona malamulo oyambirira a chisamaliro, ngakhale woyang'anira minda yachangu amatha kukula ampel begonia.

Zinthu zazikulu ndizo kusankha malo ozizira ndi kutetezedwa ku dzuwa, kutsitsimula nthawi zonse popanda madzi, kupewa matenda ndi maonekedwe a tizirombo.