Nkhunda ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yokondedwa ya mbalame zoweta. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, anthu adayamba kuswana. Makamaka omwe anali otchuka anali mbalame zomwe zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zosiyana, ngati njiwa zomwe zinatengedwa ku Turkey. Mbalamezi zimapanga mapiko mochititsa chidwi, zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati zikuuluka, chifukwa zimatchulidwa kuti zimayambitsa nkhondo.
Mbiri yakale
Kutembenuzidwa kwenikweni kuchokera ku Turkish ya mawu akuti "Takla" kumawoneka ngati "kusokoneza." Nthanga iyi ya nkhunda inayamba kutchuka chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka ndege ndi khalidwe la mbalame zomwe zili kumwamba: zimapangitsa kuti njiwa isabwere, koma imachita mtundu wa kuvina kapena acrobatic stage ndi somersaults. Choncho, njiwa imakula msinkhu, ngati imalowa pamtengo, imawombera, imapanga mpukutu ndi kuwuka.
Fufuzani mitundu yowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi nkhunda za nkhunda, makamaka makamaka ndi njiwa za nkhuni ndi nkhunda zowunikira ku Uzbek.Central Asia amaonedwa ngati malo obadwira mbalame zodabwitsa. Anthu otchedwa Turkish nomads omwe ankayenda m'madera a masiku ano a Kazakhstan, madera akumadzulo a China ndi dziko la Siberia anali atabereka. M'zaka za m'ma 1800, iwo adakhazikika m'mayiko a Mediterranean, kumene mbalame zinkawombedwa kuti zizimitse Sultan, yemwe ankakonda kuyang'ana ndege.
Pogonjetsa gawo la Middle East, anthu a ku Turks omwe sali osamukira kudziko lapansi sanasiye ntchito yobereka nkhunda, ndipo chifukwa chake zipolowe zotsatirazi zinamveka:
- Chiarmeniya;
- Iran;
- Iraq;
- Syria
Mukudziwa? Mamiliyoni £ 41,000 omwe adatengedwa ndi mbalame yotchedwa Peter Paul mu 1986, inali nkhunda yamtengo wapatali kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Deta ndi zinthu zakunja
Palibe ndondomeko imodzi yokha ya kuchotsera deta zakunja. Iwo amagawidwa m'magulu angapo:
- baleen;
- wosachedwa;
- chipulumutso;
- bicuspid
Nkhunda za Turkey sizikusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu a thupi, zimakhala zabwino komanso zowonongeka, ndipo zimakhala ndi nthendayi pamapiko awo. Anthu ena ali ndi mutu woyera ndi mchira, ena ali ndi chingwe, ndipo ena ali ndi nsidwe. Pakalipano pakati pa mbalame, mtundu wa imvi ndi motley umakhalapo, koma zoyera za mkaka ndizofunikira.
Kuvuta kubereka kunyumba
Omwe ali ndi okalamba okha omwe amatha kukhala nawo amatha kupanga ubwino. Chosangalatsa cha mthenga wamatsenga, chofunira komanso chowopsya. Vuto lalikulu pakuzala nsomba ndi tsiku, kupitiliza ndi kuphunzitsidwa mwaluso, popanda iwo njiwa idzakhala "yopanda".
Alimi odziwa nkhuku amafunika kudziwa momwe angakhalire bwino njiwa.
Zili bwanji
Mtengo wa njiwa umakhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- zaka;
- mtundu;
- kupusitsa.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalame sizinabadwa ndi luso la acrobatic - zimazipeza pakuphunzira.
Mtundu wa mphutsi ukhoza kukhudza momwe mbalame zimakhalira. Nkhunda zokhala ndi mtundu wa motley sizikhala ndi luso lothawa lija lomwe abale awo ali nalo mtundu wa uniform, ndipo chifukwa chake zofuna zawo ndizochepa. Nkhunda zokhala ndi milky-white plumage zimaonedwa kuti ndi nthenga zazikulu, koma zimakhala zochepa ndipo mtengo wawo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri.
Mtengo wa njiwa imodzi imatha kusiyana ndi $ 100 mpaka $ 500.
Zofunikira pa chipinda
Mbalame zimatha kusungidwa mu njiwa-nyumba (makamaka) komanso muzitseke kapena ndege, malinga ngati zimasungidwa. 
Zojambula za dovecot
Ntchito yomangayi imadalira kuti mbalame imodzi imafuna malo osachepera 50 mita mamita. masentimita, ndi kutalika kwa nyumbayo ayenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 mamita. Poika dovecot, chidwi chenicheni chiyenera kulipidwa ku chitetezo cha nyumba. Kapangidwe kamene kamayenera kutetezedwa ku maonekedwe a makoswe osiyanasiyana, amphaka ndi agalu mmenemo.
Zina ndizofunikira pakuzala ndikukula nkhunda. Werengani malangizowo ndi ndondomeko zomanga dovecote.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Kutentha m'nyengo yozizira m'nyumba ya mbalame iyenera kukhala mkati mwa 5-7 ° C, m'chilimwe - osati kuposa 20 ° C. Mbalame sizikonda kutentha, sizikusowa Kutentha kwina kwa malo okhalamo, koma kutsekemera koyenera kwa kapangidwe kameneko sikukupweteka.
Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira. Njira yosavuta ndi yowonjezera pamzere, yomwe imatsegulidwa kutentha. Ndibwino kuti apange pansi pazenera mazenera ang'onoang'ono oletsedwa kuti adziwe mpweya wabwino. Kuyika malo omwe ali padenga kudzakhalanso koyenera, chifukwa cha fungo losasangalatsa ndi chinyezi zidzachotsedwa m'nyumba ya nkhunda. Dovecote iyeneranso kukhala yowala. 
Zisamba ndi zisa
Mbalame zimakhala zosalala bwino ndipo zimakhazikika bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhumba yomwe imakhala yosayenerera bwino kapena yosayenerera bwino imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa msana ku Tacla, ndi zotsatira zake kuti mbalame imataya makhalidwe ake oyenda.
Zowonongeka zazitsulo ziyenera kulingana ndi kukula kwa zala, ndiko kuti, m'lifupi mwake liyenera kukhala lofanana ndi theka la mtunda wa kufalikira kwa mbalameyi - ndizingatheke kuti patah imveke bwinobwino ndikutha kudzigwiritsira ntchito pamtandawu. Pafupifupi, chiwerengerochi ndi 2.5-3.5 masentimita.
Bokosi la steam la tacla liyenera kukwanira 80 * 50 * 40, panthawi yokwanira yopangira. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwanira kuyika mabowo awiri okhala ndi masentimita 25 ndi kuya kwa masentimita 8. 
Kudyetsa nkhokwe, kumwa mowa, kupalka
Ntchito yaikulu ya wodyetsa (kuphatikizapo, mwachibadwa, kudyetsa nkhunda) ndiko kuteteza chakudya kuchokera ku kuipitsidwa, ndipo phindu lake limadalira nambala ya mbalame. Kudyetsa wamba kumakhala ndi chivindikiro ndi zitsulo zozungulira kuzungulira.
Iwo amadziwika kuti njiwa za nkhondo zimatchedwa dzina lawo chifukwa cha nkhondo yomveka mokweza ndi mapiko awo, omwe amachoka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya omwa, koma zabwino zimatengedwa ngati chibayo. Amakhala omasuka ndipo madzi samabisala, chifukwa amagawidwa ndi chivindikiro, ndipo mbale yodula imakonzedwa kuti ziweto zisamatsuke. Kuphatikizapo wodyetsa, mbale yakumwa imasowa katemera nthawi zonse.
Kupalka - chida chofunika kwambiri kuti ukhale ndi thanzi labwino, kusamba kumathandiza kulimbana ndi kutentha ndi kuchepetsa mkhalidwe wa mbalame panthawi ya molting, kumapangitsa maonekedwe kukhala othandiza komanso kumathandiza kulimbana ndi tizilombo. Kukula kwa chikho kumadalira chiwerengero cha mbalame, m'mphepete mwace zimapindika, kutalika kwa kapangidwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumakhala masentimita 10. 
Kugona ndi ukhondo wa aviary
Kuyeretsa kwa njiwa kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi (ngati pali zinyama zodwala, kamodzi pa sabata). Asanayambe kusinthitsa, mazenera ndi makoma amatsukidwa ndi scrapers, ndiye amatsukidwa ndi sopo ndi madzi ndi kuteteza ma disinfection kumachitika. Nyali yotchinga ndi yoyenera pazinthu izi, chifukwa moto ukhoza kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ngakhale m'malo ovuta kufika. Kuchokera pamagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito bleach (3-4%), formalin (1%), caustic soda (1-2%).
Kuya kwa zinyalala ayenera kukhala osachepera 5 masentimita. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabedi ndi udzu, peat, singano, udzu, makungwa a mtengo wa oak kapena nthambi zochepa. Nthaŵi zina pansi kumangosakanizidwa ndi mchenga, koma nthawi zambiri amafunika kuwongolera. Zilonda zazamasamba ziyenera kusinthidwa m'madera ena, poyerekeza ndi kuipitsidwa: zonyansa, zoyera. 
Lettok
Zowonjezera zomangamanga zojambula, zimamangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a chimango chokongoletsera, chokhala ndi gridi. Nthambiyo imamangiriridwa mwamphamvu ku aviary ndi mbali imodzi, ndipo yachiwiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndiwindo la kuchoka kwa mbalame. Chojambulachi chimakhala ndi mapepala omwe akuyenda mopitirira malire. Ndi pa iye nkhunda zimabwerera kunyumba, ndipo zimayamba kuchokera kwa iye pakuphunzitsa.
Mukudziwa? Tsiku limodzi, njiwa imatha kuwuluka makilomita 900, ndipo liwiro lalikulu lomwe likhoza kufika ndi 70 km pa ola limodzi.
Dyetsa ndi madzi
Chikhalidwe chofunika kuti chakudya chabwino chikhale chokwanira. Kuperewera kwa zinthu zilizonse kungayambitse kusokonezeka mu ntchito ya thupi - mu mbalame, avitaminosis, hypovitaminosis ikhoza kukulirakulira, ndipo kuchepa kwa thupi kumatha kuwonongeka. Pofuna kupewa zochitika izi, nkofunika kumvetsera zomwe zimadyetsa njiwa, chifukwa chilichonse chofunikira ndi chofunika kwambiri:
- Vitamini zowonjezerapo zimalowetsedwa ndi kabichi yokomedwa bwino, sipinachi, nettle ndi dandelion amadyera;
- Mavitamini owuma ouma amaonedwa kuti ndiwothandiza kwambiri mchere;
- mapira. Gulani mitundu yowala, chifukwa ili ndi mavitamini ambiri;
- chimanga - ngati njira yaikulu kwa oimira akuluakulu mbalame;
- balere;
- oats, peeled ku mankhusu;
- tirigu;
- mpunga wa mpunga;
- Mbeu za mpendadzuwa ziyenera kupezeka pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, gawo limodzi la chakudya chonse (10%);
- miyala yaing'ono, miyala ya mchenga ndi mchenga iyenera kukhala odyera osiyana. Amathandiza kugaya chakudya m'mimba mwa mbalame;
- Madzi ayenera kukhala atsopano, kutentha kutentha, opanda zoipitsa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi, chitetezeni kwa maola 10;
- Nkhumba zowonongeka zimachita chifuwa mu mbalame, koma musadwale, monga momwe zingayambitsire kutsekula m'mimba mwambiri;
- Nkhumba zazing'ono zowonongeka zimathandiza mbalame panthawi yopikisana.
Ndikofunika kumvetsera mwamwayi wa mbalame zanu, chifukwa zimadalira mtundu wa chakudya chimene angadye popanda mavuto, komanso mavuto omwe angabwere. Choncho, anthu omwe ali ndi mliri wautali (oposa 25 mm) amakumana ndi mavuto pamene akudya chakudya chazing'ono, komanso mbalame zochepa (mpaka 15 mm), choyamba chofunika kugawanika chakudya chachikulu monga chimanga.
Zidzakhala bwino kuwerenga zonse zokhudza kudyetsa nkhunda za nkhunda.
Amadyetsa zinyama kawiri patsiku, atatha kudya chakudya chawo chimachotsedwa kuti zisawononge mbalame kuti zisadye chakudya.
Omudzi ndi nkhunda zina
Nkhunda za nkhuku sizingasungidwe m'nyumba za nkhuku ndi njiwa zamitundu ina, komanso kuti zikhalebe zoyera, sizikhoza kuikidwa m'nyumba za nkhuku ngakhale ndi oimira mtundu womwewo, ndi mbalame zomwe ziri ndi makhalidwe ena osiyana. 
Mwachitsanzo, nkhunda zam'tsogolo ziyenera kukhala zosiyana ndi nasolub mu nyumba ina ya nkhuku, ndipo ngakhale maphunziro ayenera kuchitidwa mosiyana kuti ateteze mbalame kuti zisadutse mwangozi.
Maphunziro
Pofuna kusangalala ndi nkhondo yabwino ya njiwa, amafunika kuphunzitsa nthawi zonse. Ngakhale kuti njira yodziŵika bwino yothamanga imayikidwa pamtundu wamtundu wa majini, koma ngati simukuphunzitsa mbalame, musamaphunzitse luso lawo, zingasokonezeke.
Ndikofunikira! Zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi mbalamezi zomwe zimauluka mu theka la ora lozungulira ndi kuzungulira ndi mapiko awo mphindi ziwiri.
Pophunzitsa mbalame, malamulo awa ayenera kutsatira:
- timeliness. Maphunziro a mbalame amayamba ndi usinkhu wamasiku 40. Ngati mutayamba kuphunzitsa kale - mbalame ikhoza "kuphimba" ndi kukana maphunziro;
- kukana kuphunzitsa, "kuvala" nthawi zambiri kumakhala vuto la chibadwa, choncho nkhunda zotere zimayenera kukanidwa;
- Nambala yabwino kwambiri ya rut ndi 15 ptah.
Pezani chiyembekezo cha moyo wa njiwa kuthengo ndi kunyumba, zomwe mungapeze kuchokera ku nkhunda ndi kumene mungathe kuona nkhunda anapiye.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ubwino wa mbalamezi ndizo zotsatirazi:
- iwo ali abwino kwambiri pamtunda, amatha kupeza mwamsanga ulendo wawo kunyumba;
- modzichepetsa pazomwe zilipo, amatha kukhala limodzi ndi zakudya zochepa;
- wolimba, akhoza kuuluka mlengalenga mpaka maola 10 pa tsiku.
- kupweteka kwa mbalame;
- Popanda kuphunzitsa bwino mbalameyi imakhala nkhunda yamba.
Video: Turkish Takla Pigeons
Madera a nkhunda amatenga
