Kodi mungatani kuti mukolole bwino tomato? Mfundo zazikulu za kukula mbande za tomato muzojambula ndi kusankha malamulo

Mowonjezereka, mungamve za njira zosagwirizana ndi zowonongeka za wamaluwa pa nkhani ya mbande zokomera.

Chimodzi mwa zodziwika bwino ndizofesa ndi kufesa mbeu mu filimu yambiri ya pulasitiki, nthawi zina popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka!

Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu, komanso kenako kumera? Njirayi idzafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.

Zinthu zambiri

Thandizo Kapepala kakang'ono ka nsalu (kawirikawiri kuchokera pamapepala a mapepala kapena pepala lakumbudzi) ndi filimu ya pulasitiki (thumba la pulasitiki, mafayilo ojambula, chivundikiro cholembera, etc.) kumene mbewu zimafesedwa ndipo mbande zimatengedwa.

Chiwerengero cha mbeu kumera ndi njira yofesayi ndipamwamba kwambiri. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti zimalowa mu malo abwino omwe amamera ndi kukula: Kutentha kwapamwamba, kumathandizidwa ndi kupuma kwa pepala, komanso kutentha kumene kumakhala mkati mwa polyethylene diaper, kumapanga limodzi "kutentha kwa madzi" komwe kumathandiza pa chitukuko cha mtsogolo.

Kufotokozera njirayo

Kodi mungamere bwanji tomato motere? Njira yofesa mbewu mu chikwama ndi yophweka. Bzalani mbeu za tomato mu pepala, zomwe zimagawidwa pamapepala a chonyowa, omwe amapezeka pa pulasitiki yofanana.

Pepala-polyethylene tepi ndi mbewu yovundikira mu "mpukutu" ndipo amamizidwa mu chidebe chomwe pansi pake chimakhala madzi nthawi zonse. Mfundo yodula mbewu ndi yofanana ndi mfundo ya kusinthanitsa mwana - choncho chidziwitso cha mayina.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Posachedwapa, njira yofesera mbewuyi yakhala yotchuka kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa anthu okhala mumzinda waukulu: Njira yosambira ndi yabwino kwa nyumba zing'onozing'ono, chifukwa mbande zomwe zimakula motere sizikhala malo ambiri, ndipo zonsezi zimatha kuikidwa pawindo limodzi.

Kuwonjezera kwina: njira idzawathandiza kusunga ndalama . Wamasamba sadzasowa ndalama pa kugula gawo, fungicides pofuna kukonza, zida; kudula matepi a polyethylene akhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo, ngati kugula mbewu zosauka bwino, zikhoza kusinthidwa mosavuta popanda kumva malipiro aakulu muzinthu zakuthupi komanso mwa kuyesetsa.

Palinso zovuta: zomera mu chikhomo ndipo mizu yawo imakhala pang'onopang'ono kuposa mu chidebe; Komanso mbande zidzabwezeretsanso mu chidebe chachikulu.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

• Disinfection. Ambiri mwa matenda opatsirana a tomato amafalitsidwa kudzera mu nthaka, mphamvu ndi mbewu. Popeza momwe kumera kwa mbewu kumatchi sikumasowa gawo lalikulu kapena gawo, funso la kusinthana kwa mbeu kumayambira.

  Pazifukwazi, mbeu imatha kumizidwa kwa mphindi 20 peresenti imodzi ya potassium permanganate (1 gramu pa 100 ml ya madzi) kapena kwa mphindi 8 peresenti 2 - 3% ya hydrogen peroxide yotentha kufika 40 ° C.

• Processing. Pambuyo pa disinfection, nyemba zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zilowetsedwe muzitsamba zowonjezereka zowonjezera kumera: mungagwiritse ntchito malonda (Epin, Zircon, Heteroauxin, etc.), komanso omwe akukonzekera ndi dzanja lanu (madzi a aloe madzi (1: 1) kapena madzi a uchi (1 tsp ku galasi la madzi).
• Lembani. Komanso olima amalangizi asanamere kufesa mbewu kwa maola 12 m'madzi otentha (+ 25C), omwe ayenera kusinthidwa maola 4 alionse.
• Kumera. Ndipo mwa njira imodzi, yomwe idzafotokozedwa m'munsimu, mbeu zidzamera kale. Pazinthu izi, muyenera kukonzekera saucer, nsalu, gauze kapena pepala.

  Lembani nsaluyi, ikanike pamsuzi, yatsanulirani ndi kugawira nyemba za tomato imodzi pamtunda, kuphimba chidebecho ndi chivindikiro cha pulasitiki kapena thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika malo otentha (+ 23С - + 25С) kwa masiku 3 - 5.

  Ndikofunika. Nthawi zonse izi ndizofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nsaluyo imakhala nthawi yamvula, mwinamwake mbewuzo zimafota.

Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu zowonongeka kale

Mmene mungabzalitsire tomato pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu zouma:

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukusowa: filimu ya pulasitiki, chingamu cholembera, gawo lapansi (zolemba zilizonse zoyenera kukula tomato), mbewu zouma, chidebe, lumo, utsi.
2. Zingwe zimadulidwa ku filimuyi, kukula kwake komwe kuli pafupi ndi kukula kwa bukhu la sukulu.
3. Kumtunda kumanzere ngodya ya okonzeka rectangle aikidwa 1 tbsp. substrate yamadzi.
4. Mbewu yowonjezereka imayikidwa pamwamba pa gawolo motero masamba ake a cotyledon ali pamwamba pa filimuyi.
5. Pa mphukira - 1 tbsp ina. gawo lapansi, lomwe limanunkhiranso ndi utsi.
6. Pansi pa filimuyi iyenera kukhala yokhotakhotakhota, ndipo makoseni onsewo apotoke mu mpukutu. Kuthamanga kumayenera kukhala mfulu kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya ulibe mphamvu.
7. Mtolo umenewo umayikidwa ndi gulu la mphira ndi kuikidwa mu chidebe. Onse convolutions mu thanki ali pafupi.
8. Pamwamba pa thanki ikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi mapulasitiki oonekera omwe amapangira maulendo a mpweya.
9. Chidebe ndi zowonjezera chimayikidwa pamalo otentha komanso otentha.

Kukula tomato "Moscow"

1. Ndikofunika kukonzekera mapulasitiki, mapepala a chimbudzi, mbewu, mkasi, mipiringidzo yamabambo, zida zing'onozing'ono (makapu apulasitiki osayidwa), botolo lachitsulo.
2. Polyethylene imadulidwa kuti ikhale yotalika masentimita 10, kutalika kwake, monga kutalika kwa mapepala a chimbuzi, ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 50 cm, koma zimadalira chiwerengero cha mbewu.
3. Pa peti ya polyethylene, muyenera kuika pepala lokonzekera la chimbudzi, lomwe liri lozungulira ndi botolo lachitsulo.
4. Mbewu imayikidwa pamtunda ndi masentimita atatu mpaka 5, kuchoka pamphepete mwa 1 - 1.5 masentimita.
5. Tapepala ya pulasitiki yophimbidwa ndi mapepala ena, omwe amafunikanso kukonzedwa, komanso filimu ya pulasitiki.
6. Tepiyo yophimbidwa mu mpukutu, yokhazikika ndi gulu la rabala.
7. Mtolowo umayikidwa mu chidebe, pansi pake pomwe madzi amathiridwa (1.5 - 2 cm).
   Kuti mudziwe zambiri. Kukula kwachulukidwe kungapangidwe ku madzi.
8. Chidebecho chimakhala ndi thumba lokhala ndi mabowo omwe amapangidwa mmenemo ndipo amaikidwa pamalo otentha komanso owala.

Kubzala ndi gawo

Ndondomeko:

1. Mufunikira mapuloteni (10 mpaka 50 cm), gawo lapansi la tomato, mbewu, mipando ya mphira, zitsulo, botolo lazitsulo, lumo.
2. Ikani dothi losanjikiza pa filimuyi, moisten it.
3. Kuchokera pamphepete mwa masentimita 1.5, kufalitsa mbewu, kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 3 mpaka 5.
4. Pamwamba - mpweya wothira gawo, ndiyeno - polyethylene tepi.
5. Zonsezi ziyenera kuti zikulumikizidwe, zotetezedwa ndi gulu la mphira ndi kuikidwa mu chidebe.
6. Malo okhala mu malo ofunda ndi okwera bwino.

Kusankha

Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunikira a mbande ndi kukula kwake. Zikhoza kupangidwa ndi kufanana ndi njira nambala 1: kutsegula mwachidutswa chiwombankhanga patsogolo pa mphukira yoyamba, ikanipange ndi spatula kapena foloko kuchokera pansi pa gawo ndikuyiyika pa thumba la pulasitiki pakati pa "pillow" kuchokera pansi; Pokhala mutadzaza ndi nthaka yochuluka, chomeracho chikulumikizidwa mu "galasi", pomwe pansi pake pali nsonga yophimba.

Ma divi angapangidwe mwamsanga mu chidebe ndi gawo lapansi lonyowa.: mpukutuwo umatuluka, mphukira imachotsedwa pamodzi ndi pepala la chimbuzi ndipo mosamala amamera pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono pansi. Mukhoza kukulitsa chomeracho musanakhale masamba oyambirira, mtunda pakati pawo - mpaka masentimita 8. Mutabzala - kuthirira.

M'munsimu mungathe kuwonera kanema ponena za kukweza mbande za phwetekere mu chikhomo:

Chisamaliro

Ndondomeko yosamalira mbande muzitoli zikuphatikizapo zinthu izi:

• Zosintha (1 nthawi patsiku) kuchotseratu kwa condensate kuchokera mu thumba la chidebecho ndi mapulogalamu.
• Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse (koma osati mopitirira muyeso).
• Dyetsani kawiri pa sabata ndi feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito humic acids (osamalidwa chifukwa chosakhala amphamvu ayenera kukhala ochepa kawiri kuposa momwe amachitira).
• Kuwala fitolampa ngati mulibe dzuwa.

Kodi mungagwire bwanji pansi?

Njira yabwino - chodzala mbande kuchokera kumatenda mwachindunji kumalo otseguka. Izi zikhoza kuchitika popanda mavuto ngati pali wowonjezera kutentha pa chiwembu. Ngati simukupezekapo, mbande zokwanira zochepa zimayenera kukhala "zotenthetsa" kutchire: utuchi (udzu, nthenga) ziyenera kutsanulira pansi pa mzere wobzala, nthaka yochepa iyenera kuikidwa pamwamba, ndipo tomato aang'ono adzabzala mmenemo; ndi bwino kuphimba mapulogalamu ndi filimu kapena mabotolo apulasitiki usiku kapena poopsezedwa ndi kubwerera kwa chisanu.

Ngakhale kuti mbande zomwe zimakula ndi njira yowononga sizowoneka ngati zolimba kuchokera mu chidebe ndi nthaka, mosamalira mosamala, zikhoza kusangalatsa m'chilimwe chomwe chimakhala ndi zokolola zabwino. Ndipo izi ndizochepera nthawi ndi ndalama! Musaope kuyesera, ndipo zonse zidzatha.