Zochitika zapakhomo nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda opatsirana otchedwa laryngotracheitis, omwe amapezeka m'matumbo, mumtundu wa nasopharynx, ndipo nthawi zina amachititsa kuti conjunctivitis. Ngati matendawa sakuyimidwa panthaŵi yake, akhoza kugunda ziweto zonse pa famu. Nkhaniyi idzawone momwe mungazindikire zizindikiro za matendawa m'nthawi, momwe mungagonjetsere, ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze matendawa.
Kuchuluka kwa matendawa
Matenda a laryngotracheitis m'magulu ndi matenda opuma chifukwa chogonjetsedwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV Herpesviridae (herpes) ya mazira a mphuno - katemera, trachea, nasopharynx, mchere wamphongo ndi maso a maso.
Conjunctivitis ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana a laryngotracheitis nkhuku
Timalongosola zina mwa maonekedwe a kachilomboka:
- Matendawa amachititsa kudula ndi kupuma, amatha kupatsirana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake ndi madontho a m'madzi.
- Munthu wochiritsidwa amakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwa kachilomboka, koma amakhalabe chithandizo chake kwa moyo ndipo ndiwopereka matenda kwa mbalame zina.
- Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi katemera wotsutsana ndi ILT: ngati munthu wodwala katemera atayikidwa m'nyumba ya nkhuku ndi zinyama zopanda chilema, kuphulika kwa matendawa kumatsimikiziridwa.
- Osati nkhuku zokha zokha, komanso mbalame zakutchire ndi zokongola, monga pheasants ndi peacocks, zimatha kutenga kachilomboka.
- Mwana wamng'ono wa miyezi itatu kapena inayi amayamba kudwala, ndipo pakuyamba mliri, ngakhale achinyamata amakhala akudwala.
- Vuto la ILT likufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, lokhazikika ndi lolimba pambali ya chilengedwe.
- Matendawa ndi nyengo, kotero kuphulika kwa matenda kumachitika nthawi yozizira komanso yamvula, nyengo yozizira komanso yamvula. Kuchepa kwa kutentha kumachepetsa njira yamagetsi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, yomwe imalola kuti ipitirire kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi mbalame zodwala akhoza kupatsirana ziweto ngati phazi la exudate la mbalame zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka limakhalabe pazinthu zawo.
- Kupyolera mazira a kachilombo sikufalitsidwa, koma amakhalabe pa chipolopolocho. Sizowopsa kuti adye mazira awa, koma sakulimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsire ntchito makulitsidwe.
Mu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda laryngotracheitis mu nkhuku, kupuma pang'ono
Ndikofunikira! Ngati matenda omwe ali m'madera mwanu ali otetezeka, katemera wa nkhuku ndi osiyana kwambiri: katemera nkhuku ndi katemera wa ILT, mumayambitsa matendawa m'banja lanu kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zizindikiro za matendawa
ILT imapezeka mu mbalame m'njira zosiyanasiyana: hyperacute, acute, yachilendo ndi yokhazikika. Tiyeni tiganizire za zizindikiro za mtundu uliwonse.
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe a hyperacute
Kuphulika kwa mtundu wochuluka kwambiri wa matendawa kumachitika mwadzidzidzi. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mnyumba yomwe matendawa alembedwa kale.
Masana, pafupifupi ziweto zonse zimakhudzidwa ndi kufa, ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- kupuma koipa;
- mbalame mutu;
- chifuwa ndi magazi;
Nthendayi ikakhala ndi chifuwa cha magazi
- kuwomba;
- harkane;
- zida za mphumu;
- kusagwira nkhuku;
- chikwangwani cha cheesy pa laryngeal mucosa;
- kupweteka kwa mmero;
- kusowa kudya;
- palibe dzira likugona;
- conjunctivitis.
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe ovuta
Gawo lachilendo likufika ku ziweto kwa masiku khumi. Ngati mwapeza matendawa m'kupita kwa nthawi, nkhuku zakufa zidzakhala zochepa, pafupifupi 20%.
Mukudziwa? Pakati pa ena oimira nyama zakutchire pali mtundu wa "katemera" wokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati nyerere imabweretsa spores ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi, achibale ake saiika pambali, ndipo gulu lonse limatemera kachilombo kakang'ono, komwe kamatulutsa chitetezo chawo.Zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizosiyana ndi matendawa:
- chilakolako chochepa;
- kusagwira ntchito ndi kulephera;
- kuwomba;
- kutupa kwa phula;
- chifuwa;
- cheesy discharge.
Chifuwa cha nkhuku
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe osatha
Kawirikawiri, laryngotracheitis yovuta imakhala yayikulu. Matendawa ndi obisika, ndipo zizindikilo zikhoza kuonekera nthawi yomweyo mbalame isanamwalire. Kufa panopa - kuyambira 2 mpaka 15%.
Makhalidwe a mawonekedwe osatha:
- kupuma;
- chifuwa;
- chovala cha mphete ndi ziphuphu;
- Nsalu zamtundu wonyezimira zimatuluka pamphuno.
Pezani zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala ndi salmonellosis, matenda a Marek, aspergillosis, mycoplasmosis, coccidiosis, matenda opatsirana, dzira-kupatsira matenda, conjunctivitis, salpingitis.
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe okhwima
Pakati pa mgwirizano, ILT imakhudza mphuno yamphongo ndi maso, zomwe zingayambitse kutayika kwa masomphenya.
Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe okhwima
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kuwonongeka:
- sinusitis;
- Kuwombera kapena kuwongolera kwa zaka za zana lachitatu;
- kuwopa kuunika;
- eyelid edema;
- kudula kwakukulu;
- chithunzithunzi cha thupi;
- kumamatira maso ake;
- Kutaya magazi pamphuno ya maso;
- Kuwonjezeka kwa zigawo zachitsulo pansi pa zaka za zana lachitatu;
- keratitis;
- kutayika kwa masomphenya
Phunzirani za matenda a miyendo nkhuku, matenda a maso, nkhuku, nkhuku za nkhuku.
Kutaya kwachuma kwa matenda
Kuwonongeka kwa matenda a nkhuku laryngotracheitis kuli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Mtengo wa mankhwala ndi kupewa.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito pa katswiri wa zinyama.
- Kuchepetsa mazira opangidwa ndi 10-30%.
- Kuchulukitsanso kuchepa.
- Kutha kwa ziweto chifukwa cha kuphedwa koyenera.
- Akufa aang'ono 15-80%.
Matenda a laryngotracheitis nkhuku
Mukudziwa? Louis Pasteur atayesa kuyesa matenda a nkhuku ndi kolera ya nkhuku ndipo adayang'anira: adachoka, akusiya wothandizira kupitiriza kuyesa. Anayiwala kupanga katemera wina kwa nkhuku, ndipo kenaka anadwala nkhuku zonse: adayamba kudwala, kenako adachira. Chifukwa cha zolakwika izi, Pasteur anamaliza: mabakiteriya ofooka amatha kupereka chitetezo cha matendawa. Choncho anayamba kuchita upainiya.
Chithandizo cha laryngotracheitis
Panthawi ya nkhuku laryngotracheitis, mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Sinthani kudyetsa ndi chakudya chapamwamba.
- Anagulitsidwa ndi njira zothetsera mavitamini ovuta.
- Nyumbayi imatenthedwa mokwanira.
- Tsitsani bwino chipinda.
- Sakanizani nkhuku nkhu.
- Ikani mankhwala.
Mankhwala ochizira laryngotracheitis
Pakali pano palibe mankhwala omwe angawononge kwathunthu kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa laryngotracheitis. Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa amaletsa matenda a bakiteriya pambali ndi kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kachilombo ka HIV.
Pezani antibiotics omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nkhuku.
Zina mwazo ndi maantibayotiki ambiri:
- enrofloxacin;
- tetracycline;
- norfloxacin;
- ciprofloxacin;
- furazolidone;
- gentamicin;
- biomitsin.
Kupewa ndi njira zoyenera kuteteza
Kupewa matendawa ndi njira zotsatirazi:
- Kupewa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda mu nkhuku nkhu.
- Katemera.
Pamene matenda opatsirana laryngotracheitis amafunika kuteteza thupi lonse la nkhukuNjira zothetsera matendawa:
- kutsatira mosamala miyezo yaukhondo ndi ukhondo;
- kawirikawiri kutaya matenda a nkhumba;
- kudya bwino.
- chisakanizo cha chlorine ndi turpentine;
- chithandizo;
- iodotriethylene glycol.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati nkhuku zanu zikudwala ndi laryngotracheitis kasanu ndi kawiri, lamulo limaletsa kutumiza kwawo ku famu.
Kukonzekera kwa kupewa laryngotracheitis
Mitundu iwiri ya katemera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ILT:
- Nkhuku Yoyambitsa Mimba. Katemerayu amapereka chithandizo champhamvu cha chitetezo ku kachirombo kena. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala kungayambitse mavuto aakulu m'thupi lonse.
- Cell Based. Katemerayu amalephera kuthandizira chitetezo cha mthupi, koma alibe zotsatira.
Pali katemera wotsimikiziridwa ndi akatswiri owona za zinyama pochiza laryngotracheitis mu broilers ndi kuika nkhuku. Amakhala mu botolo limodzi kuposa mlingo wa micro micro. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- Nobilis ilt, wofalitsa Intervet International BV. Netherlands
- AviPro ILT, wolemba Lohman Animal Health GmbH. Germany
- "ANAPULUTSA", kupanga NPP "Avivac". Russia
- Katemera wouma wochokera ku "VNIIBP", wobala - Russia.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi majeremusi nkhuku - mphutsi, nkhupakupa, nsabwe, utitiri, peroedi.
Matenda a nkhuku zokhudzana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi laryngotracheitis ndi vuto lalikulu kwa eni ake, chifukwa adzayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso zothandizira kupeza nthawiyo. Njira yaikulu ya kachilombo ka HIV ndi nkhuku ya nkhuku kapena katemera kupita ku famu kapena kumunda, choncho alimi a nkhuku ayenera kumvetsera zinyama zonse.
Video: Matenda a tizilombo a mbalame
Ndemanga za matendawa
