Tsabola wa Chibugariya ndi chokoma ndi wathanzi, aliyense akudziwa izo.
Aliyense wodzilemekeza munda akulima izi masamba mu greenhouses.
Iye samasowa kusamalitsa mosamala kwambiri pamalo osatha, chinthu chachikulu ndi kubzala tsabola wa ku Bulgaria kwa mbewu nthawi.
Nkhani ya lero ndi tsabola wa ku Bulgaria: pamene mubzala pa mbande, mungabzala bwanji tsabola lokoma pa mbande.
Kodi chodzala tsabola wokoma kwa mbande?
M'mavuto otentha, amabzala kumayambiriro kwa May, pamene nthawi ya chisanu ndi nyengo yozizira imadutsa. Panthawiyi, zomera ziyenera kukhala okhwima, zikufalikira. Mbewu ya mbeu iyenera kukhala yoposa miyezi iwiri, kotero muyenera kuwononga Bzalani mbande zokoma tsabola mu February. Pambuyo pake mutabzala, zipatso sizikhala ndi nthawi yokhala ndi kucha.
Chenjerani! Ngati mbewu yotsatira idzabzalidwa, mbande ziyenera kuunikiridwa ndi nyali za fulorosenti pafupifupi maola 12 pa tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Sikoyenera kudzala mofulumira kwambiri, mwinamwake sipadzakhala kukolola bwino. Njira yabwino ndiyo gawo lachiwiri la February..
Ngati, pambuyo pake, chodzala chachitika pasanathe nthawi - konzekerani nyengo yabwino yotentha yolima tsabola pansi mu April.
Kumpoto, kumpoto chakumadzulo ndi mbali ya pakati pa Russian Federation, masamba awa amabzala kokha kupyolera mu mbande. Nthawi zambiri muzigwiritsa ntchito mitundu yakucha kucha.
Mu Ukraine ndi kum'mwera zigawo Russian Federation, mbewu kwa mbande obzalidwa kumapeto January kapena yomweyo mu wowonjezera kutentha kumayambiriro April.
Kalendala yamalawi
Amaluwa ambiri amachokera pa kalendala ya mwezi pamene akubzala mbewu.
Nthaŵi yabwino yopita kumtunda ndi kwa mwezi ukukula. Ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kukonzanso - mwezi ukuyenera kukhala chizindikiro cha Scorpio, Aries ndi Sagittarius.
Kusamalira kwina kuli kofanana molingana ndi kalendala ya mwezi - kuthirira, kukatola, kubzala mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Kufesa tsabola wokoma pa mbande
Pano tikambirana za momwe tingabzalitsire mbewu za tsabola ku Bulgaria.
Kufesa mbewu za tsabola lokoma kwa mbande. Mbewu ziyenera kukonzekera pofika. Zina zimameretsa mbeu zowonongeka, koma simungathe kuzichita. Werengani zambiri zokhudza kukonzekera mbewu za kufesa.
Malo oti mubzalemo ndi bwino kugula m'masitolo apadera, kutungidwa kumakhala kale ndi zigawo zonse zofunika muyeso.
Ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito malowa, muyenera kutetezedwa ndi matendawa (mankhwala a potassium permanganate) ndi kutentha mu uvuni. Ndiye nthaka iyenera kukhala umuna (phulusa, potaziyamu sulfate ndi madzi sodium humate).
Mmene mungabwerere belu tsabola pa mbande? Ndi bwino kuika tsabola m'magawo osiyana nthawi yomweyo. ndi masentimita asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri.
Pali lingaliro lakuti pamene pofiira, tsabola amataya tsitsi lapadera lomwe amamwa zakudya.
Ngati mutabzala mu chidebe chofanana, ndiye Mtunda pakati pa mphukira uyenera kukhala oposa 2 cm.
Kuzama kwa kukamatera - pafupifupi 3-4 masentimita. Ndi bwino kutsanulira pamwamba pa nthaka ndi madzi ofunda, kubzala mbewu ndikuziwaza pansi ndi masentimita 3-4, choncho nthaka idzakhala yodzaza ndi mpweya.
Ndiye ndikofunikira kuphimba mbewu ndi polyethylene kuti apange chinyezi chofuna, pamene kumera - kutseguka.
Ndi bwino kuika mbande kumbali ya kumwera, pamalo okongola, kutentha kwakukulu kwa mphukira kuyenera kukhala madigiri 25. ndiye izo zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kufika 20. Ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kutentha ndikofunikira kuwonjezanso.
Madzi monga nthaka imauma. Poyambirira - kamodzi pa sabata, mwinamwake maonekedwe a matenda amatha ("mwendo wakuda"), ndiye kutsirira kumachitika nthawi zambiri.
Zigawo zimachitika pamene timapepala timene timapangika bwino. Maola angapo asanatenge zomera ayenera kumwa bwino.
Ndiye mukhoza kudyetsa kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kwa ntchito iyi chisakanizo cha urea ndi nitrate (1 tbsp supuni) mu chidebe cha madzi. Ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito galasi la mullein mu chidebe.
Mwezi umodzi musanabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha, kuuma kwa zomera - Tsegulani zenera kapena chitani ku veranda kapena khonde.
Pambuyo pa masiku 60 mpaka 80 ndipo ndi maluwa abwino ayenera kuikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Mitengo iyenera kupanga mapepala 10.
Nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha imayenera kuwonongedwa komanso kuyaka.
Mbeu zowonjezera bwino - chinsinsi chokolola chabwino. Khama lonse silidzakhala chabe. Tinauza momwe tingabzalitsire tsabola lokoma pa mbande, motsogolera lamulo lofesa tsabola ku Bulgaria ku mbande, masiku odzala.
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanafese?
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
- Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
- Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwa kapena kutambasula, komanso chifukwa chake mphukira imamwalira?
- Zolinga za kubzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima mumzindawu, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
- Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
- Phunzirani malamulo odzala tsabola wotentha.
