Pulasitiki ndi miphika yadongo ndizofunika kukula. Mmodzi wa iwo ali ndi ubwino wake ndi zamwano, izo zimadalira pa kusankha kwa munthu.
Maluwa okongola awa amafunika kudzidalira kwambiri, kotero ndikofunikira kudziwa malamulo a chisamaliro cha gloxinia. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mphamvu yomwe zomera zimabzalidwa ndi yofunika kwambiri.
Momwe mungasankhire chophikira cha gloxinia ndi zomwe mungasamalire kwambiri, tidzakambilaninso m'chaputalachi, tidzapatsanso malangizo otsogolera poyambitsa duwa kuti mubzalidwe.
Mazu a mizu amadziwika
Gloxinia ndi chomera chomwe mizu yake imaimira ngati tubers. Thumba ili liri ndi magawo awiri: m'munsi ndi pamwamba. Gawo la pansi, mosiyana, silowongolera kwambiri, losavuta. Kuchokera pamwamba muli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndipo ali ndi masamba omwe ali ngati ma tubercles aang'ono. Mizu yaying'ono imakula pamtunda wonse wa gloxinia tuber, kuphatikizapo pafupi ndi masamba.
Kodi nthaka ikufunika chiyani?
Gloxinia - chodabwitsa kwambiri chomera. Pofuna kukula msanga komanso molondola m'tsogolomu, muyenera kusankha nthaka yabwino. Iyenera kukhala yofewa, yowonjezera, yofiira komanso yopuma.
Ndikofunika kuletsa chisankho pa malo abwino kwambiri a nthaka., pambuyo ponse kukula kwake ndi thanzi zimadalira. Sinningia amasankha malo okwanira okwanira kubzala, omwe angapereke zakudya zambiri pa nthawi ya maluwa.
Gloxinia ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa nthaka yofanana, imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala zovuta zachilengedwe. Koma kusiyana ndikuti muyenera kuwonjezera ufa wophika, mwachitsanzo, vermiculite, perlite kapena sphagnum moss.
Mukhoza kuchita njira ina: konzani nthaka nokha pakhomoPopanda kugula zokonzeka m'masitolo apadera a maluwa.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusakaniza magawo awiri a mchenga, magawo atatu a peat ndi magawo atatu a nthaka kuchokera pansi pa mtengo uliwonse wowonongeka, kupatula pa mtengo.
Manyowa kapena humus amatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti awonjezere mwayi wokwera mbewu. (chiwerengero: 200 magalamu pa malita asanu a osakaniza). Njira yotetezera yotereyi idzathandiza Gloxinia kukula bwino komanso popanda kudyetsa mtsogolo. Ngati simukufuna kukonzekera feteleza amenewa ndi manja anu, mutha kutenga feteleza kulima.
Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yowonjezera, mukhoza kutenga ndi kuwonjezera utuchi wovunda. Iwo amatumikira monga chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi nthaka ya zakudya.
Kuthirira
Musamwe madzi zomera ndi madzi ozizira kwambiri. (za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito madzi ndi kudyetsa chomera, werengani apa). Madzi a kuthirira ayenera kukhala ofewa (pang'ono owiritsa, osungunuka, owedzeredwa). Kutentha kwa madzi kumakhala koyenera pamalo amodzi. Koma nkofunika kuti ngati gloxinia ili kutentha kwa madigiriii, izi sizikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi otentha a madigiri 25 °. Madzi ayenera kukhala madigiri 2-3 pamwamba pa kutentha kwa mpweya. Pakatha mphindi 20-30 mutatsanulira, madzi otsala ayenera kuthiridwa kuchokera pamphuno.
Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa maluwa, ayenera kuthirira mozemba m'mphepete mwa mphika kapena poto kuti athetse madzi kulowa pakati pa tuber ndi masamba, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kuwonongeka kwa tubers kumawoneka kuchokera pamwamba, kuyambira kukula, osati kuchokera ku mizu.
Mfundo yofunika pa ulimi wothirira wa gloxinia ndizofanana. Ndi ulimi wothirira, chipinda chonse chadothi chiyenera kukhala chonyowa kuchokera pamwamba ndi pansi pa chomera, ndipo mphika wokha uyenera kukhala wolemera kwambiri. Iwo sangakhoze kuthiriridwa pa ndandanda, koma kokha pamene chomera chikuchifuna icho. Pambuyo pa kuyanika pang'ono kwa nthaka, Gloxinia ikhoza kuthiriridwa. Ndikofunikira kutsatira, kuti tisapitirire kudutsa ndi kuti tisapitirize kuzidutsa.
Kenako, kanema woonera pa kuthirira Gloxinia:
Kodi muli ndi mphamvu yotani?
Kodi mungathe kudzala duwa? Sinningi ikhoza kukula bwino kwambiri mu mphika wa mawonekedwe alionse. Poonetsetsa kuti masamba apansi samakhudza kumene mphika uli, ndi bwino kukula gloxinia pamiphika yokwanira. Miphika yamitundu siilibe kanthu. Pali malangizowo amodzi: ngati mphika uli ndi gloxinia ukuyimira pazenera-zowonongeka ndi dzuwa, ndiye bwino kudzala duwa mumphika wa mdima wofiira kuti usapitirire kutentha kwa dziko lapansi ndikuwotcha pamasamba.
Gulu la gloxinia liyenera kukhala la masentimita 4 mpaka 6 poyerekeza ndi tuber lokha.. Kukula zomera makamaka m'miphika yopanda madzi. Kutalika kwa mphika kuyenera kukhala kotsika pansi pamtunda wokhala pafupifupi masentimita 2-3, ndipo pamwamba pa ngalande pali nthaka yosanjikiza yomwe gloxinia tuber imadzazidwa ndi nthaka iyi ndipo padzakhala malo okula mizu. Pulasitiki ndi miphika yadongo ndizofunikira kukula kwa gloxinium.
Kenaka, kanema yowonera za kusankha kolondola kwa mphamvu ya gloxinia:
Kukonzekera kubzala kunyumba
Malangizo ndi Gawo
Pambuyo pokonzekera bwino dothi, muyenera kuyamba kukonzekera kuti mbeu ikhale yobzala. Ngati, panthawi yonseyo, iwo anali mu mphika wakale, ayenera kuchotsedwa kumeneko, kudula mizu yakale ndikupukutidwa ndi madzi (tinauza za zenizeni za gloxinia overwintering pano). Ngati pali vuto lililonse pamtunda wa tuber, ayenera kudula nthawi yomweyo ndi mpeni.
Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka, mungathe kumiza tubers mu njira ya fungicidal wothandizira kwa theka la oraMwachitsanzo, phytosporin. Ndizosatheka kuzibzala mwamsanga mutangotha opaleshoni - ndikofunikira kuti muume kwa tsiku limodzi. Wokonzeka kuikapo tuber ayenera kukhala wosalala ndi wolimba (mungathe kupeza momwe mungaperekere ndikukula gloxinia apa).
Mzere wosanjikizidwa ndi kutalika kwake kuposa masentimita atatu (chithovu, dothi lokulitsidwa), choyamba muyenera kuika pansi pa mphika. Kuchokera pamwamba kuti mudzaze pasadakhale nthaka yokonzedweratu yomwe iyenera kuyesedwa kuti ikhale yosasungunuka, ndipo ikhale yosasunthika. Pakatikati m'pofunika kupanikizika pang'ono pamene tuber yomwe imayenera kuikidwa. Kenaka, perekani izo kumbali zonse ndi nthaka m'njira yoti ikhale 2/3 kumizidwa m'nthaka.
Pofuna kupewa kutayira kwa tuber m'mera, muyenera kuthira pansi kuti madzi asagwire pakati ndi pamphukira. Pofuna kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tifunika kuika thumba la pulasitiki pamoto ndikuiika pamalo owala. Kuthamanga kamodzi patsiku kuchokera m'phika ndikofunikira kuchotsa phukusi kwa mphindi 15-20. Pakangoyamba masamba awiri oyambirira, thumba likhoza kutsekedwa usiku wonse.ndipo patapita masiku angapo tibweretseni kwathunthu.
Pambuyo pake, kanema yowonera podzutsa miyeso ya gloxinia:
Kufunika kosankha malo abwino
Chenjerani! Sikofunika kudzala tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tambirimbiri, chifukwa ndiye gloxinia imakula mizu, masamba ndi maluwa.
- Mphika waukulu kwambiri umapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wodzaza chomeracho panthawi ya kuthirira.
- Zomera mu miphika zazikulu zimakula lalikulu ndi kutenga malo ambiri.
- Mphika waung'ono (osachepera 9 cm) adzayenera kuthirira gloxinia nthawi zambiri.
- Ngati dzuwa lifika pamiphika, liyenera kukhala mitundu yowala.
- Kodi matenda a tsamba la gloxinia ndi otani?
- Osati kuwononga duwa: kukula gloxinia ndi kusamalira izo.
- Nchifukwa chiyani gloxinia sichimasintha ndi momwe angatulutsire masamba?
- Nchifukwa chiyani mdima, zouma, zowola ndi gloxinia sizimatseguka?
- Kodi mungatani ngati gloxinia akudwala? Matenda omwe ali ndi zithunzi ndi njira zamankhwala.
Kutsiliza
Chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi kukula kwa mphika mutabzala gloxinia. Ndikofunika kusankha mphika pafupifupi masentimita 9 m'lifupi mwake, ngakhale yaing'ono kwambiri ya tuber ndi mphamvu ya masentimita 4-5 m'lifupi kuposa kukula kwake kwa tuber. Kenaka gloxinia adzamva bwino, ndipo nthawi zina zidzakhala zouma ndi kutsanulira masamba.
