Ma rasipiberi samayamikiridwa osati chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kwabwino, komanso mphamvu zawo zakuchiritsa komanso kukongola. Mwa mitundu yomwe ilipo, Taganka ndi yoyenera kukula pafupifupi m'chigawo chilichonse cha Russia. Kuchita bwino kwakukulu kukonza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kuthekera kobala zipatso mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kwathandizidwa kuti alimi ambiri alimi. Kusamala kosamala kumapangitsa kuti mabulosi amtundu wa Taganka azikhala othekera kwa aliyense.
Mbiri ya Taganka Zosiyanasiyana
Taganka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya rasipiberi, yomwe idaphunzira kalekale, mu 1976. Bungwe lophunzitsira za kubzala ndi kubereka (ku Moscow) lidakhala malo obadwirako chifukwa cha ntchito yoweta V.V. Kichina, yemwe adadutsa mitundu ya Krupna Dvuroda ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wa ku Scottish 707/75.
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi
Taganka rasipiberi amachedwa kucha ndipo ndi wa mitundu yosintha, ndiye kuti amabala zipatso kawiri pachaka - pa mphukira zakale ndi zazing'ono. Omwe alimi ena amachita masewera amtunduwu kuti "osakhalitsa" chifukwa chakuti thumba losunga mazira pachaka limapanga mochedwa kwambiri ndipo alibe nthawi yakucha kumadera ozizira.
Taganka amakula tchire zazikulu zofalikira, mpaka 2 mita kutalika. Chitsamba chilichonse chimapangika 7 mpaka 9 m'malo mwake ndimtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira komanso mizu 4-5. Masamba akulu, opakidwa utoto wakuda wobiriwira amakula kwambiri pamitengo. Pamaso pa mphukirayo ndimakutidwa ndi zibowo zambiri zofiirira. Mwamwayi, ma spikes ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso ofewa.
Pa zipatso zilizonse zophukira zipatso ziwiri kapena zitatu
Mapangidwe a ovary amapezeka panthambi za zipatso, zochuluka kwambiri - mpaka 30 zidutswa, kuti nthambi zithe. Zipatsozo zimakhala zazikulupo, ndipo zimalemera pafupifupi 7-8 g, nthawi zina mpaka 17 g. Maonekedwe a zipatsozo ndi ngodya yozungulira. Mtundu wocheperako wa burgundy wamtunduwu umaphimba zamadzimadzi okoma ndi fungo lamphamvu la rasipiberi komanso kukoma kosalala.
Makhalidwe a Gulu
Mitundu ya Taganka imadziwika ndi zingapo zabwino komanso zoipa.
Ubwino:
- kulekanitsa zipatso;
- kubwezeretsa kwa nyengo yozizira kwa gawo la mlengalenga ndi mizu (mpaka −20zaC)
- zokolola zambiri - chitsamba chilichonse chimapereka mpaka 5 kg;
- spiky spikes;
- kukula kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe okongola a zipatso;
- kukana bwino kwa matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo tambiri.
Zoyipa:
- kusagonjetsedwa ndi chilala - nthawi yayitali, zipatso zimasokonekera;
- osati kukoma kwambiri kwa zipatso;
- kusayenda bwino ndikusunga bwino - zipatso zimayamba kukhala zowawasa.
Malamulo akumalo
Rasipiberi mbande obzalidwa kasupe asanayambike kutuluka kuyamba, kapena kugwa, pa dormancy. Kubzala masika ndikulimbikitsidwa m'chigawo chakumpoto, chifukwa chifukwa chake mbewuzo zimakhala ndi mwayi wowonjezereka bwino. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yofunda, m'malo mwake, ndibwino kubzala mu kugwa - rasipiberi adzazika mizu chisanu asanafike ndipo chaka chamawa ayamba kubala zipatso.
Rasipiberi mbande ayenera kugulidwa mu nazale. Mbewu zathanzi zimakhala ndi mizu yophuka popanda zizindikiro zowola, zathunthu komanso zolimba.
Mbande zamtundu wa Taganka ndizowoneka bwino - zazing'ono, ndi phesi loonda, zomwe sizilepheretsa kuzika mizu bwino.
Mbande zitha kupezeka palokha kuchokera ku zitsamba zachikulire: kupatutsa mizu ya ana kapena mphukira ndi mizu yokwanira. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito njere - mu ma raspberries osasinthika amatha mu 60-65% ya milandu kukhalabe ndi "makolo". Mbewu zimatsukidwa kuchokera pa zamkati zowonongeka, zouma ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa + 1 ... +3zaC. Moyo wa alumali ukhoza kukhala zaka zingapo.
Ma raspuberi safunikira panthaka, chinthu chachikulu ndikupereka zakudya zabwino komanso kukhetsa (chinyezi chosasunthika chimawononga mwachangu mizu). Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, chifukwa Taganka sakonda chilala.
Ngati madzi ayenda m'deralo, ndikofunikira kupanga kachitidwe ka madzi
Malo omwe adasungira rasipiberi ayenera kuwotha ndi kuwalitsa ndi dzuwa. Amaloledwa kubzala pang'ono mthunzi, koma ndikasinthasintha, kutsika kwa zokolola ndikuwonongeka kwa zipatso kumawonedwa.
Kuti apange thumba losunga mazira, raspberries amayenera kupukutidwa ndi tizilombo, chifukwa chake, malo obzala ayenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo, omwe samangosokoneza ntchito ya njuchi, komanso amathanso kuwononga mphukira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muike raspberries m'mphepete mwa mipanda kapena nyumba.
Mabedi a rasipiberi amatha kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi mpanda wotsegulira
Dothi lodzala limakonzedwa mu 4-5 milungu. Masamba ndi maudzu amachotsedwa pamalo omwe akufuna, feteleza amathiramo (12-15 makilogalamu a manyowa ndi 140-160 g wa phulusa la nkhuni pa mita lalikulu) ndikukumba. Kenako konzani matchuniwo ndi fosholo zitatu za 3 ndipo ndi kuya kwa 1 bayonet. Mtunda pakati pa mizere yoyandikana nayo (mizere yamtsogolo) uyenera kukhala 1.5-2 mamilimita. Kapangidwe kazakudya kamene kamakhala ndi masentimita 8-10 kotsanulidwa pansi pang'onong'ono: Kusakaniza kwa michere kumakonzedwa pamiyala iwiri ya manyowa, 200-250 g ya superphosphate ndi 100-120 g yamchere potaziyamu pa 1 m2. Zomera zimakutidwa ndi dothi loonda.
Pamalo omwe akufuna kubzala rasipiberi, muyenera kuyeretsa bwino komanso kukumba dothi
Zotsatira Zambiri:
- Onani momwe mbande zimakhalira, chotsani mizu yosweka ndi yopuma.
- Viyikani mizu yake kwa masekondi angapo mu dothi (mutha kuwonjezera chowonjezera chowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, Kornevin).
- Ikani mbande mu poyambira yokonzedweratu ndi masentimita 80-100. Kufalitsa mizu, kuwaza ndi dothi ndi kompositi. Onetsetsani kuti khosi lozika silimilidwa m'nthaka!
- Dulani zimayambira 25-30 masentimita pamwamba panthaka kukhala duwa.
- Thirani mbeu iliyonse ndi malita 7-8 a madzi ndi mulch nthaka ndi humus.
Kanema: Kudzala raspberries
Zinthu za rasipiberi akukula
Kuti muthe kulima bwino rasipiberi, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osavuta a zaulimi - madzi, kudula, udzu ndi kudyetsa nthawi.
Kuthirira, kudulira ndi kumasula
Taganka ikufunikira kwambiri kuthirira - imakhala ndi zovuta zonse komanso kusowa kwa madzi. Popeza kusakhala chinyontho kwa nthawi yayitali, zipatsozo zimataya kukoma ndikuchepera, zokolola zimachepa. Muyenera kuthirira rasipiberi nthawi zonse, koma osati zochulukirapo. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa chinyezi kumachitika pakumanga kwa ovary komanso pakucha zipatso. Nthawi zambiri, malo obzala amathiridwa kawiri pamwezi, m'mawa kapena madzulo. Mpaka maluwa atachitika, kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa ndikumwaza, nthawi yotsalayi madzi amaperekedwa m'malo operekera mitengo mosachedwa malita 20-25 pa mita imodzi.
Rasipiberi amayankha bwino kukonkha kuthilira
Taganka rasipiberi akhoza kubzala ngati chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri mbewu. Munjira yoyamba, mutakolola, mphukira zonse zimadulidwa pansi. M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira, kulima malingana ndi njira yachiwiri ndikulimbikitsidwa. Poterepa, ndi mphukira za chaka chatha zokha zomwe zimadulidwa pakugwa.
Chapakatikati podzala, malo owuma ndi owonongeka a mphukira amayendera ndikuchotsa impso. Ndi kukula makulidwe, masanja adadulidwa.
Ma rasipiberi amakonda "kukwawa" kuchokera kudera lawo, kotero ana onse muzu omwe amawonekera kunja kwa malowa, komanso kanjira, ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Kanema: Zomera zotsekera masamba
Kuumirira sikungoteteza kokha zimayambira kuti zisawonedwe ndi mphepo kapena kulemera kwa mbewuyo, komanso zimathandizira chisamaliro chobzala. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa chithandizo cha raspberries ndi trellis imodzi. Pazida zake, mizati 2,5 kutalika imayendetsedwa pansi ndikuyenda mzere wa rasipiberi, ndipo mizere ingapo ya waya yokuthandizira idatambasulidwa pamwamba pawo. Ngati palibe mpweya wotetezedwa, ma rasipiberi ayenera kumangiriridwa ndi waya wamathandizo, apo ayi mphukira zimatha kuthyoka.
Kanema: mawonekedwe osamalira raspberries a remont
Feteleza, chisamaliro cha dothi komanso kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu
Kuti mupeze mbewu yathunthu, ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa nthawi zonse. Zomera zodyetsa zimayamba mchaka chachiwiri. Mankhwala a nitrogen (mwachitsanzo 15-20 g / m2 ammonium sulfate), kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe - feteleza zachilengedwe (manyowa, kompositi) pamlingo wa zidebe zisanu pa mita imodzi2ndi kugwa - mchere wam potaziyamu (30 g / m2) Zaka zitatu zilizonse, phosphorous imaphatikizidwa (mwachitsanzo, 55-60 g / m2 superphosphate). Zamoyo zimabweretsedwa pansi pokumba, ndipo zinthu zam'mimbazo zimabalalika padziko lapansi, ndizophatikizidwa ndi foloko ndi madzi.
Kuphatikiza pa feteleza zachikhalidwe, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta
Kuphatikiza apo, m'chilimwe nthawi yamaluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba pansi pafupi ndi tchire ndi wosanjikiza kwa humus. Pambuyo maluwa, kudyetsa kwamadzi kumachitika ndi yankho la zitosi zatsopano za nkhuku (fosholo imodzi pa ndowa).
Nthaka m'nthaka ya rasipiberi iyenera kusungidwa m'malo opanda udzu komanso udzu. Kumasulira kumachitika nthaka ikanguma pang'ono kuthirira. Kuzama kwa kukonza sikuyenera kupitirira 6-7 masentimita, kuti musakhudze mizu.
Usanadye nyengo yachisanu, mphukira zonse za chaka chatha zidulidwa
Kwa nthawi yozizira, Taganka amafunika kutetezedwa chifukwa cha kulimba kwambiri kwa dzinja. Choyamba, kudulira kumachitika ndipo zitsamba zonse zodulidwa zimachotsedwa. Ndikudulira kwathunthu kwa yophukira, muyenera kungophimba mzere uliwonse ndi pech mulch. Ngati mphukira za chaka chino zatsala kuti zigwirizane ndi nyengo yachisanu, zimamangiriridwa pansi, zokutira pansi ndikufundidwa ndi udzu, nthambi za spruce kapena zida zosaphimbira.
Kuteteza matenda ndi tizilombo
Taganka akuwonetsa kukana mokwanira tizirombo ndi matenda odziwika kwa raspberries. Komabe, kachilombo ka rasipiberi tiyenera kusamala ndi tizirombo, ndipo utoto wofiirira uyenera kusamala ndi matenda.
Tizilombo ta rasipiberi timawononga mwachangu mbali zonse za tchire la rasipiberi
Tizilombo ta rasipiberi ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana "chilengedwe", chifukwa chimadya inflorescence, masamba, ndi masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kachilomboka kamaikira mazira m'maluwa, ndipo mphutsi zomwe zikubwera zimamera kudzera mu zipatso, zomwe zimakhala zazing'ono komanso zowola. Beetles akhoza kugwetsedwa pansi kuchokera ku tchire pakufalikira polyethylene kapena nsalu, kenako ndikuwonongeka. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwanso ntchito: Fitoverm (m'zaka khumi zapitazi za Meyi), Confidor, Kinmiks, Spark.
Kanema: momwe mungasinthire raspberries kuchokera kuzilombo
Kuwona kwamizeremizere, kapena matenda oopsa, ndi amodzi mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri a rasipiberi. Nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa matendawa kumawonedwa mu June munjira zakuda mawanga ndi utoto wofiirira pamasamba ndi masamba. Mukapanda kuchitapo kanthu, ndiye kuti malo omwe mawanga akuwonjezeka, khungwa limayamba kusweka ndikuthothoka. Kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa, makulidwe omenyera sayenera kuloledwa. Mphukira zodwala zimadulidwa ndi gawo la minofu yathanzi. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo. Kuchokera pamitengo ya mankhwala chitetezo:
- Kusakaniza kwa Bordeaux (nthawi yoyamba pamene masamba atsegulidwa, kenanso katatu);
- Cuproxate (50 ml pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi);
- Fundazole (20 g pa ndowa imodzi).
Kuwona malo opanda pake ndi matenda wamba komanso owopsa rasipiberi.
Anthracnosis ndi matenda osasangalatsa kwambiri chifukwa ndi ovuta kuchiza. Imawoneka ngati mawanga bulauni pamasamba ndi mikwingwirima pamitengo. Popita nthawi, malo owonongera awa akuwonjezeka. Pamaso pa mawanga pamakhala nkhawa komanso ming'alu, ndipo chinyontho chowonjezereka chimayamba.
Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mawanga ansalu amawoneka pamasamba
Kupewa kwa matendawa ndikofunika kuti mbeu zisunge rasipiberi kuti zitheke, ngati nkotheka, kutali ndi mbewu zina zamabulosi, kupatulira nthawi yake ndikovala pamwamba feteleza wa potaziyamu. Mwa njira za mankhwala zopewera ndi kuchiza anthracnose, makonzedwe okhala ndi mkuwa amalimbikitsidwa - mkuwa wa sulfate, Oksikhom, Kuproksat.
Momwe mungakolole ndikusunga mbewu
Kupukutira kwa rasipiberi wa Taganka kumayambira theka loyamba la Ogasiti ndipo kumatha mpaka pakati pa Okutobala (nyengo kuloleza). Amatola raspberries ndi dzanja komanso mosamala kwambiri - ndikosavuta makwinya. Zipatso za Taganka zakupsa zimasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi tsinde, chifukwa chake musayese kudzipatula zipatso mokakamiza. Zipatso zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimasungidwa m'mabokosi, mabatani ang'onoang'ono a pulasitiki kapena mumtsuko.
Ndikofunika kuyala zipatsozo mu zigawo, kuziyika ndi rasipiberi, hazelnut kapena masamba a horseradish. Masamba omwewo amayikidwa pansi pazotengera.
Zipatso zatsopano zimatha kukhala mufiriji kwa masiku 5-6, komabe, mutha kupitiliza rasipiberi kukhala chaka chonse pomalizitsa zipatso zam'mipanda ya pulasitiki. Taganka ndilabwino popanga timbale, ma vin, ma pie ndi zipatso zina. Simungagwiritse ntchito zipatso zokha, komanso masamba a rasipiberi - ndi gawo la tiyi wazitsamba.
Rasipiberi amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri pakudzaza ndi zokongoletsera za ma pie
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Kwa zaka 5 tsopano, rasipiberi taganka wakhala akukula komanso kubala zipatso. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso, zipatso zazikuluzikulu za mtundu wa rasipiberi. Zosiyanasiyana ndizoyambirira kwambiri, chaka chino pa June 10 wogulitsa kale zipatso, zipatso zake ndi zokoma kwambiri. Ndili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 15 ya rasipiberi, ndipo taganka m'malingaliro mwanga ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri. Akuwombera kachulukidwe kake 70-100cm. Osakhala wakuda kwambiri, ndiye kuti mbande zake pafupi ndi mitundu yamakono zimawoneka mwapamwamba ndipo sizifuna kugula izo. Koma akayamba kubala zipatso, amabwera ndikuthokoza. Zomwezo zinali ndi ine. Mtunduwu ndi sooooo kwambiri piggy koma nyengo ya nyengo bwino.
Nikolka, Odessa//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Tsopano Taganka, wobzalidwa kumapeto kwa chaka chino, adapatsa zipatso zachiwiri nyengo ino, woyamba anali pa mphukira zakale. Ndikungokhala kuti zothandizidwa ndi zipatsozi zikuwonekera, ndikuwoneka kuti ndikulakwitsa. Pakufunika trellis, popanda trellis sipangakhale bizinesi.
Vert, Slavyansk-on-Kuban//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Inemwini, ndidabzala Taganka kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2011, tchire 50 mutabzala (kumapeto), mphukira zobiriwira zidawonekera pa 48, koma zidapulumuka mchaka cha 23 Pomaliza mwezi wa Julayi, kucha kuyambika, kututa mkati mwa malita 11.5-2 kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala, mbewu idatsika mpaka 0,5 lita yotsiriza kubudula dzulo, koma kukoma kwake ndi kowawasa (nyengo ikukhudza) zonse zili mchaka choyamba mutabzala. Ndinkakonda kalasi
potanatoliy//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334
Ndikukula Taganka m'dera la maekala 6 zaka 10. Ndikuganiza ngati achijeremani kapena achi Dutch adamuwona akupirira pa tsamba langa, ndiye kuti ikhoza kukhala chiwerengero chachikulu chikukonza zinthu zosiyanasiyana padziko lapansi) Ndimakonda kukoma kwake komanso kunyamula ndipo, zoona, zokolola zake, nthawi yachisanu zimapereka zipatso pafupifupi zonse ... m'makalasi afupipafupi !!! ndizodabwitsa kuti bwanji izi palibe amene ali ndi mitundu ... nthawi zina ndimangodabwitsidwa ... chilichonse chakumadzulo chimakoka pomwe diamondi ili pansi pamapazi anu ... chinthu chokhacho chomwe chimakwiyitsa ndikutola zipatso ... Mwana wanga akafunsira raspberries mu kugwa, ndidzadula mulu wa nthambi ndipo iye adzatulutsa ... kuchuluka kwa zipatsozo kuli pambewu zosatulutsa (adadyetsa at koma dera lonse ladzaza ndi nyanja)) limasandulika kukhala zoumba ... ngakhale wina atagwa ... kodi zingakhale chifukwa cha kutentha?)) ndi kukana kwake kwa chilala ndizodabwitsa ... popanda kuthirira pansi pamamita awiri, ndipo ngakhale ndikuti ndakumba chilichonse, chimakula ngati udzu komanso kukula sizikudziwika chifukwa)
Lissad (aka Vladimir Lugovoi), dera la Lugansk//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=6334&page=2
Rasipiberi Taganka ndi mtundu wopatsa thanzi komanso woletsa matenda womwe umatha kukhala wobiriwira nyengo iliyonse. Zipatso zazikulu zokongola zimakongoletsa mundawo ndi tebulo. Zowona, sizosungidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Koma kuchepa kumeneku kuwomboledwa ndi zipatso mochedwa, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi kudya zipatso zam'madzi zatsopano mpaka nthawi yophukira.
