Kabichi - waukulu masamba pa tebulo ku Russiapamodzi ndi mbatata. Malingana ndi odwala, kabichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapatsa thanzi labwino.
Kabichi Madzi amachiza matenda ambiri, amawoneka bwino bwino, chifukwa cha mavitamini okha, komanso mchere.
Mayi wabwino amatha kuphika zakudya zokoma za kabichi. Choncho kukula kwake m'munda - Ndi chitsimikizo cha kudya wathanzi kwa chaka chonse.
Ubwino wolima wowonjezera kutentha
Kabichi, ngakhale mitundu yake yoyambirira, kumatsegulira kumtunda kwa August. Kulima kotentha kumeneku kudzakuthandizani kupeza mbewu yatsopano mu June - oyambirira July. Ndibwino kuti n'zotheka kuyendetsa kutentha ndikukhalitsa tsiku lowala ngati kuli kofunikira, lomwe lidzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa kukula ndi kucha kwa kabichi.
Kukula mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, komanso bwino kwambiri chifukwa chomwecho. Pa nthawi inayake ya kukula, imakhala ndi nyengo zozizira zosiyana, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kupereka kunyumba. Mbewu yabwino - ichi ndi chitsimikizo chokolola chabwino. Kodi kukula kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha, ganizirani pansipa.
Za mbewu zina zomwe zimatha kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, phunzirani pa webusaiti yathu.
Zosiyanasiyana kabichi
Ndi nkhani zonse, mu wowonjezera kutentha bwino kukula mitundu yoyambirira kabichi. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati saladi komanso kuphika, komanso zowawa. Kabichi yoyamba yoyera - "Dietmar oyambirira." Amapereka zokolola zoyamba masiku 50-70 mutabzala mbande.
Mutu wozungulira, wamphongo pang'ono ukhoza kulemera makilogalamu 1.5. Mukhoza kuchotsa makilogalamu 40 kuchokera 10 mita mamita. m. Ambiri zosiyanasiyana greenhouses wamaluwa.
Zosiyanasiyana "hactare yagolide 1432" sizimasokoneza ndipo ndizokoma kwambiri. Ikani mkati mwa masiku 105-130 mutatha kuwonekera koyamba. Mitu ya kabichi khala ndi mtundu woyera kukula mpaka 3 kg. Oyenera saladi, kuphika ndi kutentha.
Kukolola kwabwino kumapereka zosiyanasiyana "Nambala yoyamba K-206", yokonzeka kukolola masiku 100-120 pambuyo pa mphukira yoyamba. Kulima kwa makilogalamu 40/10 sq. m, cabbages wolemera 2 kg. Inu mukhoza kutenga ndi oyambirira wosakanizidwa mitundu kabichi, olengedwa ndi obereketsa achilendo - Dutch, French, Polish, etc.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Kukula kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha ngakhale woyambitsa angathe masamba olima. Theknoloji ya kukula oyambirira kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha si zovuta. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ndikudziwa zina mwachinsinsi za chisamaliro. Kodi kudzala kabichi pa mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha?
Mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu February, mu wowonjezera kutentha mbande obzalidwa pakati pa mwezi wa April. Ena, akatswiri olimba mtima kwambiri, amafesa mbewuyi mu December, kukwaniritsa mbeu ndi phytolamps, pamene akulandira zokolola kumayambiriro kwa June.
Mbewu
Ngakhale mu wowonjezera kutentha kabichi wakula osati mbande. Kodi kukula mbande oyambirira kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha? Kuti mupeze mbande zamphamvu, muyenera kusankha bwino ndikubzala mbewu. Sankhani ayenera kukhala wamkulu ndi wamdima kwambiri.
Kubzala mbewu
Ndi bwino kufesa mbewu za mbande pamabedi otentha kapena greenhouses. Pamene mukukula kabichi mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito biofuel. Pofuna kukonzekera mpweya wotentha, mumayenera pansi kukumba ngalande kuzama 30 cm ndi 100-120 cm. Biofuel yaikidwa pansi, ili ndi dziko lapansi kuchokera kumwamba. Kwa mbande zabwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gawo lofanana ndi nthaka, peat ndi mchenga.
Kusamalira mmera
Kodi kukula kabichi mbande mu unheated wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi filimu? M'nthaka yotenthedwa kufika 20 ° C, mbewu zimabzalidwa mozama masentimita 1. Chojambula ndi filimu ya kutalika kwa masentimita 30 chimakhala pamwamba. Mphukira yoyamba imatha pambuyo pa masiku 4Izi zikutanthauza kuti n'zotheka kutsegula wowonjezera kutentha masana kuti adye mbande. Kuthirira mbewu sikunakonzedwenso panobe. Pambuyo pa mawonekedwe a pepala loyamba, kutentha kumayenera kukwezedwa ndi 2-3 ° C mpaka kufika 10-12 ° C.
Pamene masamba 1-2 oyambirira akuwonekera akufunika kuti azichepera ndipo ayambani kuthirira ndi kudyetsa mbande. Pa kukula kwake kudyetsa katatu.
Nthawi yoyamba imadyetsedwa ndi kusakaniza kwa phosphate, potashi ndi nayitrogeni feteleza, nthawi yachiwiri - yokha ndi nitrojeni, ndipo nthawi yachitatu - musanadzalemo mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha - kachiwiri ndi kudyidwanso ndi nitrogen-potassium-phosphorous. Kuthirira kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku m'mawa..
Thirani mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri - mbande - mwakula kale. Pali ochepa kwambiri, ntchito zazikuluzikulu. Musanadzale mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, konzani dothi. Komanso, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kukhala ndi nyali zina zowunikira.
Kukula kabichi mbande mu polycarbonate wowonjezera kutentha, njira yovomerezeka kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwambiri, zomwe zikuwonjezereka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa.
Nthaka
Kabichi ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda madzi ambiri, choncho nthaka yake iyenera kukhala yowuma, yosungira chinyezi. Ndi bwino kuyamba kuphika mu kugwa - momwe mungayimire, osachepera pa bayonet, panthawi yomweyo kupanga feteleza. Kungakhale kompositi humus kapena manyowa ndi feteleza feteleza. Kabichi sichikonda nthaka ya acidicChoncho, ngati kuli kotheka, kugwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito liming.
N'zosatheka kudzala kabichi kudziko lomwelo chaka ndi chaka. Maluwa ozungulira ayenera kulemekezedwamwinamwake simudzapeza zokolola zabwino.
Okonzeratu bwino ndiwo adzakhala nkhaka, mbatata, anyezi, kapena nyemba, kenako zinthu zambiri zothandiza zimakhala pansi.
Kubzala mbande
Kuwongolera mu wowonjezera kutentha kumachitika pamene zimamera masamba 4, zikuwoneka zamphamvu ndipo green-mauve. Ngati ziphuphuzo zimakhala zobiriwira, izi zimasonyeza kufooka kwawo ndikusafuna kukwera.
Masiku angapo asanafike Mbande zimafuna pang'ono kuumitsa. Kuti tichite izi, mu kutentha kwa masana kutentha kwa masana kumadutsa 16-18 ° C, usiku - 12 ° C. Amafotokozanso nthawi zonse. Ndi bwino kupulumuka mbande ndi kusinthanitsa, osati kugwedeza dothi ladothi kuchokera ku mizu kuti asawawononge iwo. Phunje lapangidwa pansi, imathiridwa ndi madzi ndi feteleza.
Sapling ikumira mu dzenje, nthaka yozungulira iyo imakhala yolimba kwambiri, yomwe imatsimikizira Kuthamanga kwazitsulo kwakukulu ndi dothi. Pakati pa mbande payenera kukhala mtunda wa masentimita 30. Kuthirira kabichi kuyenera kuyambika patatha sabata mutabzala, pamene mbande imakhazikika bwino.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha ndikumwa madzi nthawi zonse, kumasula nthaka, kudyetsa ndi kusunga nyengo ndi kutentha. Kabichi ndi yofunika kwambiriTsiku lowala kwa iye liyenera kukhala maora 14-17. Ngati ndi kotheka, ziyenera kukhala dosvechivat.
Kutentha kwa kukula bwino ndi kusasitsa kumakhala pa 16-20 ° C. Kamodzi mu masabata awiri kabichi kudyetsedwa ndi manyowa osungunuka. Chinyezi chofunika - 70-80%, kutsirira ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse komanso wochuluka.
Mitundu ya kabichi
Kabichi woyera, ngakhale kuti akutsogolera, sikuti ndi imodzi yokha. Tsopano m'minda mungathe kuwona mabedi ndi broccoli, Beijing ndi kolifulawa. Nawonso akhoza kupambana bwino mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Beijing
Letesi yodabwitsa - Beijing - oyambirira, iye akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pambuyo pa masiku 40-80 pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira. Zomwe zimalima m'madzi otentha a Beijing kabichi ndi: kutentha kwa 16-18 ° C, nthaka yosakhwima.
Kuwombera kumawonekera pa kutentha kwa 20 ° C, ndiye kuchepetsedwa kufika 10 ° C. Mbande imakula masiku 20 pa usana wa masana wa 22 ° C ndi usiku - 16 ° C. Masiku 20 mbande anaika mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Kawirikawiri imabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha pamodzi ndi nkhaka ndi tomato ngati "sealant". Okhwima amaonedwa ngati kabichi yamene imakhala yolemera 300 g. mukhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka makilogalamu 8 kuchokera pa 1 lalikulu. m.
Broccoli
Posachedwapa, akatswiri a zaumoyo adalangiza kwambiri kuti azikhala ndi broccoli. Ena lichiteni kuti "rejuvenating" masamba kwa zomwe zili m'kati mwa methionine ndi choline, akuchenjeza kuwonjezeka mu thupi la "cholesterol" choipa. Zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa mavitamini zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zopindulitsa pa tebulo lathu.
Kukula kwa broccoli mu wowonjezera kutentha sikuli kovuta kuposa kukula kamba kabichi. Chikhoza kufesedwa ndi mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha mu March (ndizovuta kuzizira). Mbewu zimakula mofulumira., ndipo masiku 10-12 mbeuzo zili ndi masamba 3-4.
Kutentha kumakhala - 18 ° C masana ndi 12 ° C - usiku. Nthaka imakonzedwa m'dzinja - iyo imakumba ndipo imamera ndi superphosphate, organic matter, ammonium nitrate ndi potaziyamu salt, ngati kuli koyenera ndi laimu.
Kusamalira kwina kumatulutsa kumasula, kupalira komanso kuthirira (osachepera 40 cm). Pamaso pa maluwa ndikofunika kudula mutu wapakatiamene adakula mpaka 10-12 cm masentimita, pamene akugwira 10 cm pa tsinde.
Mitu ndi tsinde ndizodya kwambiri, koma ngati zikukula, zidzakhala zosasuntha komanso zopanda pake. Kudulira kumaloleza ana kuti akule - zochepa zochepa mpaka masentimita 6.
Wokongola
Ndizo chovuta kwambiri kusamalira kabichi. Koma zimakhala zosavuta kuzikula mu wowonjezera kutentha kusiyana ndi kutseguka, chifukwa mungathe kupanga kutentha ndi kutentha kwa boma. Kutentha kwa dothi ndi mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira 16-18 ° C, ndi chinyezi chiyenera kukhala chapamwamba. Ngati izi sizikugwirizana, mutu wake udzataya mphamvu ndikuyamba kutha. Mpweya wobiriwira uyenera kukhala wokwanira nthawi zonse.
Pali zida komanso zovala zapamwamba kolifulawa. Kolifulawa mu wowonjezera kutentha sikulekerera nayitrogeni ndi fetashi feteleza. Maonekedwe abwino adzakhala operewera mu mullein ndi kuwonjezera kwa superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate ndi urea. Kwachiwiri kudyetsa mndandanda uwu ndithudi Ammonium molybdate yawonjezedwa ndi asidi a boric.
Wina angaganize kuti vuto lalikulu ndi khama liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikule bwino kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha. Koma zindikirani izo ndalama zokula oyambirira kabichi mu wowonjezera kutentha ofunikakotero kuti m'miyezi yoyambirira yachilimwe munali kabichi wodzala ndi mavitamini, chokoma chokoma mu mbale yanu. Zimapambana chilakolako chonse ndi zabwino!
Zomwe zili zothandiza mu kanema:
