Ngati duwa digitalis (digitalis) omwe amadziwika ndi zigawo zingapo, ndiye kuti tinganene kuti ndizodabwitsa, zokongola komanso ngakhale pang'ono. Koma iye adalowa mu moyo osati anthu okhawo omwe amamveka nthano komanso nkhani, komanso enieni wamaluwa. Kwa nthawi yaitali, digitalis yakhala yokongola kwambiri ya flowerbeds ndi minda. Kubzala foxglove ndikusamalira, monga lamulo, musayambitse mavuto. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kutsatira zovuta agrotechnical malamulo.
Kubzala foxglove pa mbande
Mbande za maluwa chikhalidwe pa munda mabedi ayenera anabzala kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena ndi isanayambike chilimwe. Nthaŵi imene nthaka imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Ngati zinasankhidwa kufesa mbeu za mbande mu August kapena September, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kusiya mbeuyo kuti idikire kumapeto kwa masika pa khonde lotentha.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Pofuna kudzala foxglove pa mbande mtsogolo kuti zidziwonetsere ndi zotsatira zodabwitsa pa kumera, m'pofunika kutero mu March, cha m'ma April. Konzani pasadakhale mabokosi a matabwa a mtsogolo kubzala mbewu, nthaka gawo ndi mbeu za digitalis. Mbeu ziyenera kuchitidwa bwino, kenako zikhale ndi mchenga.
Kuonetsetsa kuti zowonjezera kutentha, zida zamatabwa ziyenera kutsekedwa bwino ndi filimu kapena kupanikizidwa ndi galasi, ndikuyika malo otentha ndi masana. Digitalis idzakupatsani mphukira zoyamba mu masabata awiri. Ndiyeno inu mukhoza kale kuchita zokolola.
Kusamalira mmera
Kusamalira mbewu zowonjezera ziyenera kuphatikizapo kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kudya koyenera. Mbande zikhoza kuberekedwa patatha masiku asanu ndikuziika kumalo osatha. Chovala choyamba - ammonium nitrate 15 magalamu a ufa ayenera kuchepetsedwa mu chidebe cha madzi - pa mita imodzi. Zakudya zotsatilazi zidzakhala ndi zovuta zamchere feteleza kamodzi pa masiku khumi. Ndikofunika kukulitsa nthaka kuti zitheke kukula kwa mbande. Kotero iwo sangatsatire pambuyo pa chitukuko ndipo sadzakhalabe amodzi.
Mbeu zovuta
Mbeu zovuta zimafunika pamene kutentha kunja sikukwera madigiri 12. Zomera zimatha kutengera pang'ono dzuwa ndi kutentha. Pafupifupi masiku angapo musanayambe kubzala, digito za digito zimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi phosphate feteleza zapamwamba.
Izi ndizofunika kuti mbeu yoyamba ikhale yatsopano m'malo atsopano. "Kuwoneka" koyamba kwa digitalis kumachitika kwa maola anayi muzothira, yachiwiri - ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Nthawi yachitatu zomera zimasiyidwa pakhomo lotseguka masana. Pomwe kuwonjezereka kwa digitalis kudzachitika, mphamvu ndi zowonjezereka zidzakhala mtengo waukulu. Kuti mukhale ndi chidaliro chochuluka, mukhoza kupitiriza kuumitsa kale kunja kwa nyumba ya chilimwe: kuyika foxglove mu mabokosi pansi pa dzuwa, kubweretsani ku malo ogona usiku.
Masiku khumi musanadzalemo, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha madzi, komanso sabata kuti muyimitse. Patsiku la kutuluka, tsitsani madzi ambiri pa mbande ndi kuwonjezera potaziyamu kloride mu kuchuluka kwa magalamu 30 pa ndowa yonse.
Mukudziwa? Zimanenedwa kuti digitalis kale ankakonda ndi mfiti. Chifukwa cha ichi, iye ali mwa anthu ndipo amatchedwa "mfiti zamatsenga", mobwerezabwereza "mfiti".
Kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka
Lolani digito ndi maluwa osagonjetsa omwe amalekerera nyengo yozizira ndi nyengo zowuma, koma muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kusankha malo mmunda. Chikumbutso chawo chidzalola kukula maluwa okongola ndi okongola ndi maluwa okongola.
Madeti ndi kusankha malo omwe angabwerere
Mungathe kulima digitalis pamalo otseguka, pamene kuopsezedwa kwadzidzidzi usiku wa chisanu kudutsa, ndiko kumapeto kwa May - kumayambiriro kwa June. Panthawiyi, nthaka idzatenthedwa bwino, ndipo mbande idzakhala masamba asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi. Penumbra ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa foxglove, ngakhale kuti imakula bwino m'madera a dzuwa. Sitiyenera kubzalidwa pansi pa mitengo yamtengo wapatali, chifukwa chinyezi chochulukira chimatha nthawi yaitali m'mitengo yawo ya mtengo, ndipo mu October-November, masamba osagwa amalepheretsa digito.
Kukonzekera kwa nthaka ndi kubzala
Dothi lokongola la foxglove - lotayirira, lachonde komanso lokoma. Musanadzale mbande muyenera kukumba nthaka ndi kuyamba makilogalamu asanu a kompositi kapena humus pa mita imodzi. Ndikofunika kudzala foxglove 20 masentimita pakati pa wina ndi mzake, mtunda wa pakati pa mizera ndi 30 masentimita. Mabowo a mbande ayenera kukhala aakulu kuposa kukula kwa mizu. Dothi lapadziko la makapu kapena pepala lachidziwitso lokhazikika pamenepo.
Pambuyo pake chiwembucho chiyenera kuwerengedwera ndi kuthirira bwino. Nkhumba imayamba kuphuka kokha m'chaka chachiwiri, ndipo m'chaka choyamba cha moyo imangopanga masamba okhaokha.
Kusakaniza ndi zomera zina
Mitundu yochepa ya foxglove imalola kukongoletsa madera pamipingo ndi makoma. Mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri imapanga njira za m'munda ndi malire. Mothandizidwa ndi makope apamwamba mumapanga miyambo yoyambirira ya mabedi amaluwa ndi ofanana. Iwo amafesedwa m'mizere yapakati ndi kumbuyo kwa mabedi ozungulira maluwa. Maluwa akuluakulu amawoneka bwino polemba zojambulajambula komanso mapepala okongoletsera munda. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti digitoli imaphatikizidwa ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana.
Mutha kukhalanso zosakaniza zambiri:
- Zonse - irises, peonies, aquilegia, uta wokongola, angelica, munda geraniums;
- Kulekerera mthunzi - primroses, geraniums, makamu;
- Mitengo yamitengo, zitsamba - Honeysuckle, galu ananyamuka, rhododendron, viburnum;
- Zokongoletsa perennials zoyenera masoka minda - valerian, astilba, rododersia, dissentra, geykhera, allium ndi ena.
Mwachionekere anapanga zowona mizere ya peduncles ya digitalis kutsindika awo zomera mmene chilengedwe apanga lalikulu yokongola masamba, monga Brunner. Zowonongeka za gulu la foxgloves zosiyana siyana ndizitali zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'minda yachilengedwe. Zilonda za chilengedwe zowakometsera kwambiri nthawi zonse zimawoneka zogwirizana ndi chikondi m'makona onse a m'mundamo. Mbalame zazikulu zowoneka bwino zimapanga maluwa otchuka, amasunga mwatsopano maluwa ambiri.
Seeding foxglove mbeu pa bedi la munda
Kupambana kwa digito ya digitalis ndi malo osankhidwa bwino komanso osamalidwa nthawi zonse. Digitalis imakula m'nthaka iliyonse, koma nthaka yochepa yokhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri imakhala yabwino. Musanafese, muyenera kumanga malowa ndikuyang'ana pamwamba.
Madzi ndi kubzala mbewu. Mpheta sizingapangidwe, monga mbeuyi imaikidwa pansi. Mukungoyenera kuwonetsa chigwacho. Mbande zimafalikira pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti sayenera kuthamanga kenako. Mutabzala mbande ayenera kuwaza ndi mchenga wochepa. Lembani malowa ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali komanso kuwonjezera. Kulima kwa foxgloom kumachepetsedwa kukhala moyenera kuthirira pamaso pa mphukira yoyamba. Mphukira yoyamba idzawoneka masiku 14-18. Patatha sabata padzakhala masamba angapo.
Ngati chodzalacho chikufalikira, ziphuphu ziyenera kuyendayenda kapena zochepa, kusiya mtunda pakati pa zomera pafupifupi masentimita khumi. Ngati kudula mbande kunabzalidwa pansi, ndondomeko yobwereza iyenera kuchitika mu masabata ena awiri. Nthaŵi yonseyi, mabedi ayenera kuthiriridwa, kumasulidwa ndi kuwamasulira namsongole.
Ndikofunikira! Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa digitalis kungakhale kosafunikira popanda kudziwa. Mitundu yonse ya zomera izi ndi owopsa.
Kubalana kwa foxglove ndi basal njira
Pamunsi pa chomeracho, mazenera angapo a rosettes amawonekera. Pamene amapereka masamba asanu ndi atatu, zitsulo ziyenera kukhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi chomera cha makolo ndikufika pamalo okonzeka. Pambuyo pa kusinthitsa ndi madzi akutsatira, onetsetsani kuti madzi ndi nthaka sizigwera. Apo ayi, chomeracho chikhoza kufa. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, maluwawo adzakula, kukula ndi kukonzekera nyengo yozizira ndi zikhalidwe za anthu akuluakulu.
Mbali yosamalira maluwa m'munda
Kusamalira wamkulu digitalis m'munda ukhale ndi njira zotsatirazi:
- Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse
- Nthaka imamasula
- Hilling
- Kupalira
- Kupaka pamwamba
- Chitetezo pa tizirombo ndi matenda.
Madzi nthawi zonse ndi madzi ambiri. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kusankha malo abwino. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yotsekemera. Digitalis ikhoza kukula m'madera okhala ndi kuunika kwakukulu komanso mumthunzi. Munthu wamkulu digito ayenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse katatu patsiku. Pakutha kwa nyengo, mizu ya mbeu ikhoza kusamba chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi okwanira, choncho amafunika kuyesera.
Kukonzekera foxglove osatha m'nyengo yozizira
Digitalis - ozizira kwambiri zosagwira maluwa. Kotero kuti amalekerera bwino chisanu, amakhala ndi masamba kapena nthambi zakugwa. Onetsetsani mmene mizu imaonekera pamapeto a nyengo ya chilimwe. Ayenera kukhala owazidwa bwino ndi nthaka, kuti asamaundane. Mapepala a foxglove, omwe anapirira m'nyengo yozizira m'chipinda chozizira, ali miphika, amawonekera pamsewu kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kale mu April, mudzatha kuyang'ana pachimake.
Mukudziwa? Madzulo ozizira, maluwa a digitalis amakhala malo a tizilombo. Usiku, kutentha kwa mkati kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa chilengedwe. Atasiya duwa, tizilombo timayambitsa mungu. Choncho mungu wochokera zomera.
Matenda ndi tizilombo tomwe timayendetsa
Matenda omwe amachititsa kuti digirii ikhale yovunda, yowonongeka, powdery mildew ndi mavairasi. Ngati chomeracho chikukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi powdery mildew ndi spotting, icho chiyenera kuwonongedwa ndipo ena onse amachiritsidwa ndi fungicides. Pozindikira kuti matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga zojambulajambula, mizu yovunda ndi kuvunda kwa peduncle, zomerazo zimachotsedwanso ndi kutenthedwa.
Palibe chithandizo, ndizofunika zowononga zokha. Chipatala chofala kwambiri cha digitalis ndi aphid. Digitalis iyenera kukonzedwa ndi "Biotlin", "Antitlin" ndi "Iskra". Aphid imanyamula matenda a tizilombo osachiritsika, choncho muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Koma kawirikawiri, kubzala foxglove ndi kusamalira izo sikumayambitsa vuto lalikulu.
