Ipomoea aimurea ndi chomera chotentha, chomwe chimapezeka kuthengo kumayiko aku South ndi North America, chimamera pamenepo ngati chomera chokhazikika.
M'matchulidwe aku Russia mumakhala chikhalidwe chamtundu uliwonse. Ipomoea aimurea amakula masamba ambiri. Ngakhale zimangophuka tsiku limodzi lokha, ambiri atsopano akuwoneka m'malo mwake. Ipomoea purpurea ndiwodziwika bwino m'mapangidwe, duwa limamera pamakhonde, loggias.
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Duwa ndi la banja la bindweed, mwachilengedwe pali mitundu yambiri ya poizoni. Obereketsa adabzala mitundu yosavulaza anthu; amagunda ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kukula mwachangu, nthawi yomweyo chimasefukira danga. Ndiukadaulo wabwino waulimi, mphukira zimafikira kutalika kwa mita 7. Nthawi zambiri, liana limakula mpaka mamita 3-4 m'litali. Maluwa amakula mpaka kuzizira, amasangalala nthawi zonse ndi maluwa.
Mphukira zokhala ndi nthambi zokhala ndi ma pubescent, masamba amafika 18 cm, ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ndi mtima, gwiritsitsani oblong petioles kupitirira 10 cm.
Mphukira imakhala ndi miyala isanu yopyapyala. Maluwa amayamba mu June, aliyense wa masamba amakhala tsiku lokha. Amatsegula nthawi yabwino masana, ndikutseka kuwala kowala. Mphukira yopukutidwa ndimapanga bokosi la nyenyezi zitatu wokhala ndi nthangala zakuda mpaka 7 cm.
Zosiyanasiyana zofiirira zam'mawa
Pali mitundu yopitilira 20 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kulingalira zotchuka kwambiri.
| Gulu | Kufotokozera kwa masamba | Colouring |
| Mitundu yayitali ndi nthambi mpaka 5 m | ||
| Star waltz, chisakanizo | Yopangidwa ndi Bell ndi pharynx yosiyana mpaka 5 cm. | Choyera, cha pinki, chamtambo, chamtambo, chamtambo, chamtambo. |
| Nyenyezi za paradiso, kusakaniza | Ndi mafelemu ozungulira, osongoka, 5-7 cm. | Beige, pinki, wotuwa wabuluu, wowoneka bwino wabuluu, wofiirira. |
| Scarlett O'Hara | Mawonekedwe okhala ndi pharynx yoyera, 5 cm. | Red rasipiberi. |
| Msuzi wouluka | Mitundu yolimba. | Mtambo wamtambo. |
| Milky njira | Olimba ndi maonekedwe ofanana, 5 cm. | Choyera ndi pinki chowala chimakhudza. |
| Mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu ndi nthambi za 2,5-3 m. | ||
| Kuwala kwa Ultraviolet | Olimba ndi pharynx wosiyana. | Utoto wofiirira. |
| Kiyozaki | Ndi mafeleredwe okhala ndi matayala, osadukiza komanso opweteka, 5 cm. | Choyera, chofiirira, chofiirira ndi malire oyera. |
| Nyenyezi | Chokhazikika ndi chopaka utoto pakatikati pa petal. | Choyera ndi mawanga apinki. |
| Thambo lamtambo | Olimba ndi khosi loyera. | Mwana wabuluu |
Kukula ndi Kusamalira Malamulo
Pazikhalidwe zotentha muzisankha madera opanda dzuwa, opanda mphepo. Chitsamba chimakula, chimafuna chichirikizo. Kubzala kumachitika ndi mbande kapena mwachindunji mu nthaka. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za chisamaliro: musamadye mopitirira muyeso, musachulukane kapena musadzaze. Kulima pafupipafupi, kudulira, kudulira ndikofunikira. Nthaka imafunika.
Kulima mbewu
Asanabzala, mbewu zimamizidwa m'madzi ofunda (+ 25 ... +30 ° C), ndikusiyidwa kwa mphindi 30 kuti kutupa. Pambuyo pa njirayi, mphukira zochuluka zimawonekera.
Kufesa mbewu
Podzala, gwiritsani ntchito mabokosi apulasitiki kapena miphika, ndibwino kuti musankhe pulasitiki yoyera, imawotcha pang'ono padzuwa, dothi silizima. Ndikofunika kukumbukira za ngalande - osachepera 5 masentimita a zigawo zotulutsira madzi zimayikidwa pansi pa akasinja. Ikani zosakaniza dothi pamwamba. Malo omwe ali pakati pa mabowo ndi osachepera 15 cm kuti glories zam'mawa zisasokonezane.
Kusamalira Mbewu
Kutentha kolimbikitsidwa kuti zikule ndi +20 ° ะก. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika sabata iliyonse, nthaka imamasulidwa. Mbewu zikafika mpaka 15 cm, ziyenera kuwongoleredwa. Ngati sizotheka kubzala ulemu wa m'mawa pamalo otseguka, ma penti amaikidwa m'miphika.
Kubzala mbande panthaka
Ipomoea imasinthidwa ndi transshipment, bowo lokhazikitsidwa limapangidwa masentimita 5 komanso lakuya kuposa momwe amafikira. Mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi pafupifupi 20 cm. Tchire limamangidwa pomwepo.
Kubzala mbewu panthaka
Ipomoea ndichikhalidwe chokonda kutentha, kubzala zinthu zobzalidwa nthaka ikamawotha mpaka +10 ° C, sipadzakhala kutentha pang'ono usiku. Kubzala kumachitika molingana ndi chiwembu chofanana ndi cha m'miphika. Mbewu 203 zimayikidwa mu kukhumudwa kulikonse, pambuyo poti mphukira ziwonekere, chitsamba champhamvu kwambiri chimasiyidwa.
Kusamalira mmawa ulemu wofiirira poyera
Chomera chotentha chimafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse, kuvala pamwamba. Kutchire, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mbewu, imatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Duwa lokhazikika nthawi zambiri limagwera lokha, koma nthawi zina liyenera kudulidwa.
Mitundu yambiri imaberekanso kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe mwaziphatikiza, kuphatikiza ndi zina zosakanizidwa. Ndi isanayambike chisanu, mbewuyo imafa, imakololedwa kompositi ngati palibe zotupa za fungus pamtengo. Ndikakula kwambiri chitsamba, mphukira zowonjezera zimachotsedwa, ndikusiya timitengo 2 kapena 3. Dothi liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Muvi womaliza ukapangika, uzitsina kuti nthambi zamtengo zithe.
Njira yotentha
Kukula kwabwinobwino, sikuyenera kukhala kosachepera kuposa +5 ° C, pamtengo wotsika mtengo ukadwala, umatha kufa. Kubzala kumachitika pamene nthaka yatenthedwa mpaka +12 ° C.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Ipomoea aimurea amakonda dothi lopanda chonde komanso chinyezi. Acidity ya dothi iyenera kukhala mumitundu 6.7 pH.
Mbeu zokulira nthaka yamtundu wonse zimalimbikitsidwa. Pothira, dothi la turf, kompositi ndi mchenga wamtsinje umasakanizidwa mofanana.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, feteleza umayikidwa nthawi yothirira. Feteleza kwa maulendule, zosakanikirana za potaziyamu-phosphorous ndizoyenera kupukutira m'mawa. Panthawi yosakwanira budding, amathandizidwa ndi kukonza kwa "Ovary", "kukula", Plantafol. Mukamapanga ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo. Ndi feteleza wambiri, matenda a fungus amakula, mbewu imafa. Ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, kuchuluka kwa maluwa kumachepera, chitsamba chimamera udzu wobiriwira.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Ndizosavomerezeka pakusunthika kwa madzi m'malo omwe mumapezeka madzi ambiri pansi, ulemerero wam'mawa sungakulitse popanda ngalande. Mizu yake imavunda. M'malo ouma, kuthirira kumalimbitsidwa munthawi ya kuchuluka phindu - koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Mvula ikamagwa, nthaka imanyowa pokhapokha kuyanika. Kumwaza kumachitika madzulo okha, pakalibe kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ipomoea imagwidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus, ma virus virus. Duwa limayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, limathandizidwa koyamba chizindikiro cha matenda.
| Matenda ndi Tizilombo | Mawonekedwe | Njira zoyesera |
| Fungal tsinde zowola | Malo osawoneka amtundu wa bulauni omwe ali ndi malire omveka. | Chomera chimachotsedwa kuti pasawononge zipatso za mitengo yoyandikana nayo. |
| Zowola zofewa | Tsamba limakhala lofewa. | Kumwaza dothi ndi phulusa lamatabwa, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi fungicides. |
| Zovunda | Zomera zifota, kufa nkotheka. | Kuyika ndikuchotsa gawo lowonongeka la mizu. |
| Zowola chakuda | Mawanga amdima pa tsinde, amatulutsa madzi a pinki. | Spray ndi fungicides nthawi ndi sabata. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mbewu zimachotsedwa. |
| Dzimbiri loyera | Malo oyera ndi ating kuyanika. | Nthambi zodulidwazo zimadulidwa, mbali zotsala za m'mawa ulemu zimathandizira kupewa ndi fungicides. |
| Anthracnose, mavuto obwera chifukwa cha madzi | Mdima wofiirira womwe umaoneka masamba ndi makalawo achikasu owonekera. | Finyani dothi ndi phytosporin youma. Masamba owonongeka amachotsedwa, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. |
| Spider mite | Amapanga pansi pepala. | Tizilombo tachilengedwe timene timagwiritsidwa ntchito: kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi kapena adyo, sopo yamadzimadzi imawonjezeredwa kuti ikhale yabwino yomatira yankho. |
| Ma nsabwe | Khazikikani pansi pa pepalalo, madontho owoneka amawoneka pamwamba. | Ogulitsa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nyerere, ndikofunikira kulimbana nawo, kuwononga mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'munda mbewu. |
Kukula m'mawa ulemu wapamwamba pa khonde
Wamaluwa wamaluwa omwe alibe gawo lawunda amatengapo chomera pamakhonde ndi mitengo yanthete. Kudyetsa chakudya sikulepheretsa kukula.
Kusamalira mbande ndi mipesa yachikulire ndi zofanana ndi kubzala m'munda. Ndikofunikira kutsina mphukira mu nthawi, ziwongolereni ku zotithandizira. Dothi liyenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse, limavutika msanga. Ma mineral complexes amathandizira pakatha milungu iwiri. Kutsirira kumafunika nthawi zambiri, makamaka ngati khonde lili kumwera. Kuuma kwa matope osaloledwa sikuyenera kuloledwa. Kummwera chakum'mawa, kumpoto chakum'mawa, masamba azikhala otseguka.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kukudziwitsa amafotokozera: zovuta pakukulira kwa m'mawa pa khonde
Kuyambira pomwe wamaluwa amakumana ndi zinthu zosasangalatsa. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuganizira zina mwazosamalira zaulemerero wam'mawa:
- Chikhalidwe chimafuna kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Pakakhala mvula, nyengo yozizira, masamba atha kuola; ndikofunikira kuchepetsa kuthirira, mulch nthaka, ndikukonzanso bwino.
- Ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe kokhazikika, ulemerero wam'mawa umatha kuponya masamba, kutembenukira chikasu. Ndikofunika kuti miphika yopukutira, kulimbitsa kuthirira, ndi utsi m'mawa.
- Ndikofunikira kuti musayandikire zikhalidwe zina, ulemu wam'mawa umafunika michere.
Mbali ina: pa khonde, mu loggia, mphukira yambewu iyenera kupukutidwa ndi burashi. Podzipukuta tokha, mbewu zimakhazikika mu gawo limodzi lokha la maluwa.
Ipomoea aimurea m'malo owonekera
Liana la pachaka munthawi yochepa amatha kulimbitsa gazebo, mpanda. Nthawi yakula msipu wobiriwira, pamafunika othandizira, ma trellise, twine, waya, mauna.
Ipomoea purpurea imakata makhoma mwangwiro, imabisa zolakwika zonse. Mbewuyi imabzalidwa m'mipanda yopanda dzuwa. Amatha kulimbitsa gazebo, ma mesh arch mu mwezi. Mu nyengo yamitambo, masamba satsekera nthawi yayitali.
Ipomoea aimurea akumva bwino m'miphika yayikulu, amapanga tchire lophimba kuzungulira thandizo. Miphika yofiirira yam'mawa imatha kukonzedwanso kuchokera kumalo ndi malo pokongoletsa malowa. Akongoletsa dimba lililonse. Zithunzi zosemedwa, maluwa ambiri adzakhala opezedwa bwino pakupanga mawonekedwe.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphimba mawindo oyang'ana kumwera. Malo ena abwino a maluwa ndi thunthu la mitengo, liana limadzuka mwachangu pambali pa thunthu, limanjenjemera kuzungulira nthambi, ndikupanga mthunzi wachonde. Monga thandizo, mtengo wakale woyambira ukachita. Ulemerero wam'mawa ukhale woyenera pakona iliyonse ya mundawo.
