Si aliyense amene angalole kuti akhale ndi chozizwitsa chofiira cha mamita atatu m'nyumbamo. Koma mu maudindo a zomera izi zimamveka bwino ndikuwoneka bwino. Koma kunyumba mukhoza kukula banyan, ngati mumamusamalira bwino. Lero tikuyang'ana momwe tingasamalire ficus Bengal.
Mafotokozedwe a botaniki ndi chithunzi
Bengal Ficus (Fícus benghalensis) ndi nthumwi ya banja la mabulosi. Pansi pa chilengedwe zimakula m'madera monga Bangladesh, Sri Lanka ndi India. Mu chilengedwe, akhoza kuphimba dera la mazana angapo lalikulu mamita, ndipo korona wa chomeracho akhoza kuphimba mamita mazana asanu.
Mukudziwa? Kunyumba, ficus ya ku Bengali ikuwoneka ngati chizindikiro cha nthawi zosatha. Anaganiza zokongoletsa akachisi ndi malo okhala. Ndipo kuchokera kumapanga amapanga matepi ndikuphimba denga.
Kodi Bengal ficus
Mtengo uwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi moyo wapadera, womwe umatchedwanso banyan. Yoyamba gawo la banyan mapangidwe amachokera pa zikamera za kumangirira mizu pa amphamvu, yopingasa kukula nthambi. Mizu ndi yambiri, osati yokutidwa ndi tsitsi. Kukula kwawo kuli pang'onopang'ono. Patapita nthawi, mizu yambiri imadzuka ndipo sichikhudza nthaka.
Mbali yotsala ya mizu yozungulira mpweya ikufikira pansi ndipo imatha mizu. Chotsatira chake, gawo lokhazikitsidwa limapangika pang'onopang'ono kuti likhale lolimba komanso limapanga mitengo.
Zipatso za orange zomwe zimakula pa mtengo ndi chakudya cha zinyama ndi mbalame, zomwe zimawathandiza kukhala osamalitsa mbewu ndipo zimakhala othandizira kubzala mbewu.
Dziwani zambiri za ficus monga Benjamin Ficus, raba ndi microcarp.
Banyan ndi wamtali - mpaka mamita 40, ndipo korona wake ukhoza kufalikira mpaka 610 mamita.
Masamba a chomerawo amaonekera - mpaka 25 cm m'litali. Fomu - elliptical, oval, yochepa. Pamwamba pa chikopa pamakhala mitsempha yobiriwira yowonjezera.
Mtengo wamaluwa mwa mawonekedwe a sycony.
Chiwerengero cha kukula kwa chomeracho chimaonedwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazangu zomwe zimayimira zomera, chifukwa kuwonjezeka kwa chaka ndi 60-100 masentimita.
Kufalikira ndi dziko lakwawo
Malo amwenye a Bengal ficus ndi nkhalango. Choncho, pansi pa chilengedwe, zimapezeka ku India, Thailand, Burma, Malaysia ndi kum'mwera kwa China. Chomera chikukula ndi kupitirira, kutenga malo ambiri.
Kukula kwa Banyan kumapitirira mpaka kalekale, pamene mizu yaing'ono imatambasula pansi, imakhala mizu ndikupanga mitengo yatsopano.
Kunyumba, kubweretsanso chodabwitsa ichi ndizosatheka. Ndipo iwo omwe asankha pa sitepe yotere adzayenera kuyesetsa mwakhama ndi kusungira kuumitsa ndi chipinda chachikulu chomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi nyengo yozizira.
Momwe mungasankhire chomera pamene mukugula
Kuti mtengo ukondweretse mabungwe m'tsogolomu komanso kuti usakhale ndi mavuto mu chisamaliro, ndikofunikira kudziŵa malamulo oyambirira osankha chomera:
- Musagule ficus kuzizira. Kusintha kwa nthawiyi ndi kovuta kwambiri.
- Simungathe kusankha zomera zazikulu. Mtengo waukulu, ndi kovuta kuti ufanane ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano.
- Zipatso zathanzi zikhoza kuyesedwa motere: gwedeza mosamala ndi kupweteka pa masamba. Ngati masamba akugwa (2 kapena kuposerapo), ndiye kuti mtengo uwu suyenera kutenga.
- Mizu ya mbewuyo isakhale yakuda kapena yofiira.
Ndikofunikira! M'masitolo, masamba a ficus akhoza kusinthidwa ndi polishes. Choncho, mitengoyi mutatha kupeza bwino ndibwino kutsuka pansi pa osamba.
Kumene angapange Bengal ficus: zinthu
Bengal Ficus amaonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mtundu wake, yakula pamudzi. Komabe, kawirikawiri chomerachi chimamangidwa m'maofesi akuluakulu ndi maholo. Ndiponsotu, pazaka za kukula kwake, ngakhale mtengo wa chipinda umakula mpaka padenga.
Timagawana zinsinsi za kulima bwino zomera kunyumba - achimenes, aspidistra, callas, crocuses, lithops, mitundu, hamedorei, euonymus, ruell, mtengo wa sitiroberi.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Kusankha malo omwe ficus ayenera kuikidwa, ayenera kumvetsera mbali ya dzuwa ya chipinda. Komabe, munthu sayenera kulola kuti madzuwa awonongeke pamasamba, chifukwa akhoza kuwotchedwa. Ndikokuti, kuwala kuyenera kukhala kowala, koma kusokonezeka.
Ficus ayenera kuikidwa kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Ngati palibe malo oterewa, ndiye kuti kumeta kumafunika kumbali yakumwera.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kutentha
Fucus samalandira madontho otentha. Pofuna chitukuko kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe, chomeracho chidzafuna kutentha kwa 18-26 ° C, ndipo kugwa ndi nyengo yozizira - osachepera 17 ° C. Ngati mtengo uli wozizira, udzayamba kufalitsa masamba.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo ya Banyan salola kulemba, kotero mfundo iyi iyenera kulamulidwa.
Ficus amafunikira chinyezi. Mtengo woyenera ndi 60-70%. Pofuna kukhalabe ofunika, tsamba limatulutsidwa kamodzi pa sabata. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene zipangizo zotentha zimagwirira ntchito, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumakhala kofunika kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera apo, masamba ayenera kupukutidwa nthawi zonse ndi nsalu yonyowa yonyowa kapena siponji, kuchotsa fumbi lokhazikika. Palibe choonjezeranso chomwe chingakhale njira zina zowonjezera chinyezi.
Dothi la mbewu
Ficus amakonda nthaka yothira. Mukhoza kugula osakaniza mosungirako, ndipo mukhoza kukonzekera kusakaniza nokha. Ziyenera kuphatikizapo zigawo zotsatirazi:
- pansi - gawo limodzi;
- chida - gawo limodzi;
- tsamba lapansi - gawo limodzi;
- mchenga - mbali ½;
- makala (ena).
Chomeracho chidzasangalalira mu chisakanizo cha sod (gawo limodzi), pepala (gawo limodzi) la dothi ndi mchenga.
Musanabzala, nthaka (yomwe idagulidwa ku sitolo ndi yophika) iyenera kuwerengedwera mu uvuni. Njira yotereyi ndi yofunika kuti tipewe kufala kwa matenda komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo.
Nthaka iyenera kuyamwa bwino. Dothi lowonjezera lingathe kuikidwa pansi.
Phunzirani momwe mungamweretse ficus wanu kunyumba.
Bengal Ficus: kusamalira kunyumba
Kuti mtengo unali ndi kuyang'ana koyenera, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira bwino. Podziwa munthu wodzitcha, aliyense akhoza kukula wokongola wokhala ndi zinyama kunyumba.
Momwe mungadzamwe madzi
Ndikofunika kuthirira ficus nthawi zambiri komanso mochuluka. Sungunulani nthaka ngati denga la pamwamba likuuma mozama masentimita 2-3 ndi madzi ofunda otentha.. Njirayi imabwerezedwa kamodzi pa masiku 3-4.
Ndikofunikira! Ficus sangakhoze kutsanuliridwa, ndipo madzi otsala atatha mphindi 20-30 ayenera kuthiridwa mu poto. Kutaya kwa mnofu kumadzaza ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi chitukuko cha matenda a fungal.
Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira (kamodzi pa sabata) - ficus alibe nthawi yopumula.
Kuposa kufesa
Dyetsani mtengo m'nyengo ya chilimwe, panthawi ya chitukuko chogwira ntchito, kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zonse mu granules ndi zokhudzana ndi nayitrogeni. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza.
M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimakhalapo, choncho siziyenera kukhala umuna nthawi zambiri kuposa kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri iliyonse. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi apamwamba pa zomera zosakhala maluwa.
Komabe, musanayambe feteleza feteleza musanayambe kusungunuka m'madzi ndipo mumagwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yochepa.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito
Imodzi mwa njira zazikulu zothandizira kusamalira mbewu. Zimakupatsani inu kupereka mtengo wokongoletsera ndi wovomerezeka mawonekedwe:
- choyimira;
- mu mawonekedwe a chitsamba;
- osiyana-siyana;
- bonsai
Mukhozanso kupanga zojambulajambula.
Sungani chomera kumapeto kwa chilimwe, potsatira malamulo awa:
- mawonekedwe ayenera kukhala achirengedwe;
- ndi bwino kuti musadangalire momwe mtengo udzayang'anire kudula;
- chida chosayera - chitsimikiziro cha thanzi la ficus;
- Mdulidwewu umachitidwa pangodya mpaka pamphepete.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku China, analimbikitsidwa kuika chidebe ndi ficus kuchipinda. Chomeracho sichimangotulutsa mpweya wokha, komanso kuti chizolowezi chogona chikhale bwino.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungasinthire
Kuyamba koyamba kwa ficus kumapangidwa mwamsanga mutatha kugula. Ngati chomeracho chitaya masamba, chiwerengerocho chiyenera kuchepetsedwa kwa masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (10-14) mpaka mtengo ukasinthira kuzinthu zatsopano.
Chigawo chachiwiri ndi chotsatira chikuchitika m'chaka. Panthawiyi, n'zotheka kupanga korona ndi kudula mizu yayikulu kwambiri. Ndi kusamba kulikonse kumagwiritsa ntchito zatsopano, zazikulu kusiyana ndi zaka 3-4 masentimita.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe ndi malamulo a ficus kuika pakhomo.
Osamangirira nkhuyu zazikulu zokha, zomwe zimamera m'zinthu zazikulu. Pankhaniyi, chotsani dothi pamwamba pake ndikulikonza mwatsopano.
Malamulo oyambirira a kuikidwa:
- madzi;
- chotsani pamwamba;
- chotsani chipinda chadothi, kugwedeza pang'ono;
- Thirani mu mphika watsopano;
- onjezerani nthaka yatsopano.
Zinthu zoberekera
Ficus Bengali imabzala cuttings, masamba, mpweya.
Pamene kudula, tenga masamba apamwamba ndi masamba omwe ali ouma pang'ono.
Pambuyo pochotsamo madzi otentha kuchokera ku malo a incision, kuphatikizidwa kumayikidwa m'madzi, kuwonjezera mankhwala kuti athandize kukula kwa mizu (mungathe kuiyika mu mchenga wothira mu thumba). Mphamvu imayikidwa pamalo ofunda, okongola. Zimatenga masabata angapo kuti rooting ichitike.
Pambuyo pa mizuyo, phesi limapangidwira mu mphika wosiyana ndikuyang'ana kenako ngati chomera chachikulu.
Pamene kuswana ficus kuli ndi zifukwa zingapo.:
- Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya chaka ndi nyengo yachisanu;
- odulidwawo amatsukidwa ndipo katunduyo wauma;
- Pa kudula, achinyamata, osati mphukira zowuma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Mukudziwa? Bengal ficus yodabwitsa kwambiri ili ndi miyendo 350 mamita ndi 3200 mizu ya mlengalenga. Zikuwoneka ngati grove kuposa mtengo.
Matenda ndi tizilombo ta mbeu
Ngati mwadzidzidzi amadziwika ndi zizindikiro za tizirombo, mtengo umakhutira ndi madzi osamba. Ngati ficus ndi yaikulu, ndiye masamba ake amatsukidwa bwino ndi siponji yonyowa, ndipo amachizidwa ndi kukonzekera mankhwala (Aktillik, Tanrek, etc.).
Nthaŵi zina, nthenda zamphongo, zamtsenga, kapena akangaude zimawoneka pa ficus.
Ngakhale izi sizikusowa, ndibwino kupenda mosamala masamba a zomera.
Chomera chochuluka makamaka chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa zizindikiro zomwe mungayankhule nazo:
- Achinyamata amafota masamba - chipinda chimakhala chozizira kwambiri;
- Mawanga a chikasu anawonekera pa masamba - zotsatira za kuthirira mochuluka;
- Mawanga ofiirira pamphepete mwa masamba - zomera zimatentha, chinyezi chimakhala chochepa, feteleza wochuluka;
- zimayambira, ndipo kukula kwa masamba kumakhala kochepa - osati kuwala kokwanira;
- kukula kunachepa, ndipo masamba anakula - nthawi yolima nthaka.
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti
