Abutilon ndi chomera chokongola ndi chomera cha banja la Malvaceae, masamba ake omwe amajambula, masamba ovekedwa ndi ofanana ndi masamba a mapulo. Mmene mungamere maple abutilon kunyumba, zomwe takambirana m'nkhani ino.
Kulongosola mwachidule
Abutilon ndi shrub yosatha ndi yaikulu, mpaka 20 cm yobiriwira masamba obiriwira. Pakhomo, chitsambachi chimakhala mamita awiri mu msinkhu, chikathamanga ndi masamba, zomera zimayambira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira kwambiri.
The shrub blooms mu May ndipo limamasula kudzera October. Malingana ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, mabelu akhoza kukhala golidi, lalanje, pinki ndi mithunzi yofiira. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ndi iyi:
- Abutilon sellovianum - mamita awiri mu msinkhu, zazikulu zazikulu za mtundu wa lalanje ndi burgundy streaks;
- Abutilon hybridum - ma subspecies amamasula chikasu, pinki, zofiirira, burgundy ndi maluwa ofiira okhala ndi mitsempha yoonda;
- Abutilon Thompsonii - ndi mapuloteni a pinki opangidwa ndi oyera.
Mukudziwa? Esoteric amapereka zomera zamatsenga: chomera chimatha kudziunjikira dzuwa ndi mphamvu zokondwa ndikugawana; m'nyumba ya munthu wolenga, mapulo amatsogolera ndi kuukitsa malingaliro; anthu omwe amamva zowawa, amatsitsimula, amaletsa kugona ndi kubwezeretsanso maganizo.
Kusankha malo a chomera
Abutilon nthawi zambiri amalowa m'minda yamaluwa ndi maluwa a chisanu, ndipo pamakhala zofunikira, nyumba ya maple imakula bwino m'nyumba.
Kuunikira ndi kutentha
Kwa chomera, kuwala kosavuta kumakhala kosavuta, dzuwa likhoza kuwotcha masamba, ndipo kusowa kwa kuwala kudzakhudza chitukuko cha zobiriwira. Njira yabwino kwambiri ikanakhala malo kummwera chakumadzulo kapena kumwera kwakumwera. M'nthawi yozizira, tsiku lowala ndi lalifupi, choncho ndibwino kupatsa mapulo ndi maola ambiri owonjezera.
Mitengo ina yamkati imalinso kuyatsa kuwala: dendrobium orchid, miltonia, pelleia, selaginella, aglaonema, ficus yonyamulira zitsulo, makina, hoya, caladium, eustoma.
Kutentha kosavuta kwa mapulo ndizomwe zimayambira 18 mpaka 25 madigiri otentha. Kumapeto kwa kasupe mungatenge chomera ku loggia kapena veranda, koma panopa musakhale ojambula. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa zomwe zili pansi kumadutsa 15 ° C.
Mtengo ndi nthaka ya maple
Kwa chaka choyamba padzakhala mphika wokwanira ndi vesi lokha. Chipinda chamkati cha abutilon chimakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi: malinga ngati mizu yake sichinyamulira dothi lonselo mu mphika, silidzaphuka. Kenaka, sankhani mphika, ndikuyang'ana maenje a pansi, ngati mutha kuwona mizu mwa iwo, ndi nthawi yoti musamuke. Pansi pa mphika kukhetsa madzi ayenera kukhala mabowo.
Ngati n'kotheka Konzani nthaka nokha, pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungasankhe kuchokera:
- mchenga wonyezimira, peat ndi tsamba lapansi mofanana;
- mchenga wouma, humus, pepala ndi malo a sod mu chiwerengero cha 0.5: 1: 1: 2.
Ngati izi sizingatheke, gwiritsani ntchito primer, ndikuwonjezera mchenga kwa iwo.
Chisamaliro choyenera
Zinthu zachilengedwe za shrub ndi nyengo zam'mlengalenga komanso zam'mlengalenga, koma kunyumba, chisamaliro chiri ndi zovuta zina:
- Sitikuyenera kuti tisalole kapena kuyanika kwambiri nthaka mu mphika;
- kumapereka moyenera kuvekedwa pamwamba ndi kuyendetsa kanthawi kokongola kwa chitsamba.
Kuthirira
Pakati pa chilimwe maple abutilon m'nyengo ya chilimwe amafunika chinyezi chochuluka, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka m'phika imakhala yonyowa. Pofika m'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepa kumachepetsanso, pang'onopang'ono. Palibe zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mmunda, koma kupopera mbewu sikungapweteke. Kuthirira m'chilimwe - kawiri pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi masiku khumi.
Feteleza
Monga feteleza wa zitsamba, ndi bwino kugula zovuta za zomera mu sitolo, ndizofunikira kusinthanitsa pakati pa mchere ndi mankhwala. Chomeracho chikusowa chakudya chowonjezerapo kuyambira masika mpaka October ndi masiku khumi.
Pambuyo pa kasupe kudulira kuti kumanga masamba oyenera bwino ndi mavitamini ambiri. Pakuyambitsa masamba ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a phosphorous-potaziyamu, zomwe zimakhudza kukongola kwa maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, manyowa kamodzi pamwezi ngati shrub ikupitirirabe.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza zamalonda, njira yothetsera malonda yomwe ikufotokozedwa m'mawu akulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsedwa.
Kudulira
Abutilon imakhala ikukula mofulumira komanso kupanga mphukira zatsopano, chifukwa zimasowa kudulira. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene kukula sikugwira ntchito, mphukira imadulidwa ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwake. Chotero cardinal kudulira kudzapanga wokongola korona mawonekedwe ndi kulimbikitsa ambiri maluwa.
Pamene mbewu yotchedwa ottsvetet imachotsa masamba onse owuma, nthambi zowuma, pangani kusintha kwa korona m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti apange mtengo wawung'ono, mbali zonse za mphukira ziyenera kudulidwa, kusiya kutalika kwake ndi tsinde lachidule.
Kusintha malamulo
Chizindikiro cha kuika chofunikacho ndi mwamsanga kuyamwa kwa chinyezi, chiweto sichikhala ndi malo okwanira. Ndibwino kuti musatenge mphika umene uli wosiyana kwambiri, chifukwa duwa likukula mofulumira kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kuwotchera kumachitika mwabwino bwino njira yothetsera, kuti asawononge mizu. Tchire tating'ono tifunika kuika chaka ndi chaka, ndi akuluakulu pakatha zaka zitatu.
Kubalana kwa chikhalidwe
Kubzala kunyumba maple zotheka kudulidwa ndi njira ya mbewu.
Kufesa kwa mbeu kumapangidwa mu March mu nthaka yonyowa (peat ndi mchenga mofanana), mozama pafupifupi 1.5 masentimita.
Werengani komanso zokhudzana ndi kubereka kwa mbeu za plumeria, cacti, adenium, brugmansia, lithops, dieffenbachia, streptocarpus.
Bokosili liri ndi filimu ndipo imayikidwa pawindo lofunda bwino. Kutentha kutentha kwa kumera ndi 20 ° C. Pakadutsa masiku makumi awiri, mphukira yoyamba ikuwonekera. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa chilimwe, amaikidwa pafupifupi katatu.
The cuttings amadulidwa kuchokera chapamwamba mphukira mpaka 12 cm yaitali. M'munsi masamba achotsedwa, pansi pa mphukira amachiritsidwa ndi muzu mapangidwe stimulator ndi kwambiri mu nthaka michere. Pakuti yabwino rooting kwa cuttings kumanga mini-wowonjezera kutentha, nthawi zonse akuwombera. Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, malo ogona amachotsedwa ndipo pamwamba zimapangidwira. Pambuyo pake, kamwana kakang'ono kamene kamasamalidwa kamodzi kamakula ngati chomera chachikulu.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lina la maple kunyumba ndi hotpipe. Ku India, pakadali pano, zingwe zamphamvu ndi ziguduli zimapangidwa kuchokera ku matenda a fibrous.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi zovuta kukula
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a chipinda cha chipinda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zokopa, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi mealybugs.
Limbani tizilombo Kukonzekera kwa tizilombo ndi zina zomwe zingathandize:
- Mite amaoneka ngati akuuma kwambiri. Popeza mwachitira chomera acaricide, muyenera kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mlengalenga mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kupukuta masambawo ndi nsalu yonyowa.
- Mukhoza kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba pamasamba pogwiritsa ntchito sopo yothetsa madzi, muzimutsuka pansi pa madzi.
- A mealybug amachotsedwa ndi thonje lopangidwa ndi mowa.
Kukonzekera bwino kwa tizilombo: "Decis", "Pyrethrum", "Aktellik".
Powdery mildew ndi matenda odzala. Kuwona zizindikiro za matenda sizowonjezera - masamba amaphimbidwa ndi kuvala kolimba ndi kukula kofiira. Pofuna kuchotsa maple ku matendawa, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa "Aktara" ndikutsuka masamba ndi sopo ndi madzi.
Vuto lina lodziwika bwino ndilo zowola. Mukhoza kuthandiza chomera ngati mwamsanga mukuzindikira zizindikiro (kufota ndi masamba akugwa) ndi kuika. Mizu yokhudzidwa ndi mizu iyenera kudulidwa ndi kuphwanya ndi malasha osweka.
Monga njira yowonetsera matenda, mungagwiritse ntchito njira yothetsera chelate malinga ndi malangizo.
Mavuto ndi kulima makamaka chifukwa cha zolakwika mu chisamaliro. Kuphuka kwa masamba, chikasu, chikasu ndi kupotoka ndi Zisonyezo za ziphuphu zotsatirazi:
- madontho otentha (kulemba);
- madzi, kapena, mosiyana, kusowa kwa chinyezi;
- kuuma kwa mlengalenga;
- zoperewera;
- korona wamphamvu.
