Ng'ombe zoberekera zimayambitsidwa ndi chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ndi omwe sali othandizira, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'mafamu akuluakulu a ziweto komanso m'minda yaing'ono. Kudziwa zizindikiro za matenda ofala kwambiri kumakuthandizani kuti muzindikire matendawa kumayambiriro oyambirira komanso kupewa matenda onse a ziweto. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zizindikiro, chithandizo komanso kupewa pasteurellosis ng'ombe.
Ndi mtundu wanji wa matenda?
Pasteurellosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti nyama zakutchire ndi zakutchire zikhale zovuta. Causative wothandizira matendawa ndi Pasteurella multocida (nthawi zina P. haemolytica).
Pasteurella ali m'kati mwa ziwalo za m'mimba (GIT) zinyama, koma matendawa amangofooka, osati nyama zomwe zimatemera.
Kamodzi m'magazi, bakiteriya amafalikira mthupi ndipo amachititsa kutupa, kutupa, ndi kutaya magazi m'magulu osiyanasiyana: mapapu, pleura, matumbo, ndi ziwalo.
Zinyama zazing'ono zimaonedwa kuti zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana, chifukwa m'masiku oyambirira atabadwa, ana samakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Ng'ombe, kuphulika kwa pasteurellosis kumakhala kofala m'chilimwe komanso kumayambiriro kwa autumn - mu July, August ndi September.
Mukudziwa? Louis Pasteur analandira chikhalidwe choyera cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo kwa nthawi yoyamba anayesera kupanga katemera wakupha. Chifukwa cha ulemu wake mu 1910, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatchedwa Pasteurella.
Matendawa amachititsa kuti awonongeke kwambiri pamene amamasulidwa ku ziweto zazikulu, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa ndi kupha ziweto, ndalama zothandizira.Zimayambitsa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Wothandizira Causative wa Pasteurella multocida pasteurellosis ndi mabakiteriya aerobic. Chikhalidwe cha microscopic chikhoza kuoneka timitengo tambiri tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timapanga awiri kapena maunyolo.
Izi ndi mabakiteriya osasunthika, gram-negative pamene amadetsedwa. Pasteurella ali ndi vuto lochepa, chifukwa samapanga spore: amapezeka mu manyowa kwa masabata 2-3, ndipo m'mitembo imapitirira kwa miyezi 3-4.
Mabakiteriyawa amafera mwamsanga pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso ambiri ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a ziweto zingakhale nyama iliyonse yodwala (nkhumba, akavalo, ng'ombe) ndi othandizira pasteurella.
Kawirikawiri mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatengedwa pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa "Brovadez-plus."
Onyamula katundu si anthu odwala amene amasungidwa pafupi ndi odwala. M'minda ina, pastern ikhoza kunyamula 70%. Ng'ombe zomwe zakhala zikuyang'aniridwa ndi ziweto zodwala zikhoza kukhala magwero a matenda kwa chaka.Zomwe zimachititsa kuti pasteurellosis zisinthe, zimathandiza kusintha kwa nyumba, kusunthira kapena kutumiza ziweto, chifukwa izi zikhoza kufooketsa zinyama.
Ndikofunikira! Kawirikawiri, pasteurellosis imayamba chifukwa cha kudzipangidwira m'mapulasi opindula - ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo cha pasteurella, chomwe chimapezeka mu thupi la chonyamulira, chimalowa m'magazi ndipo chimayambitsa ziwalo za mkati.
Nyama zodwala zimatulutsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mitsempha, mpeni, mkaka, ndi chifuwa. Ng'ombe zikhoza kudwala kuti zisamayanjane ndi mankhwala, manyowa, chakudya, ndi madzi. Matenda amatha kupezeka kudzera mu khungu loonongeka, mwachitsanzo, ataluma ndi makoswe kapena tizilombo toyamwa magazi.
Mabakiteriya amalowa m'magazi a m'mimba ndi tsamba lopuma kapena mwazi (zokopa, zilonda za nyama ndi tizilombo). 
Zizindikiro za mawonetseredwe mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana
Nthawi yosakaniza imatha mpaka masiku 2-3, ndipo pamene imatulutsidwa mwazidzidzi mwazi kudzera mu khungu lowonongeka, matendawa amayamba maola angapo. Kutalika kwa matendawa kungakhale kosiyana ndipo kumadalira chitetezo cha nyama, chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya, zikhalidwe za ziweto, matenda okhudza.
Nthaŵi zambiri, pasteurellosis imachitika mogwirizana ndi salmonella, diplococcosis, parainfluenza ndi matenda a adenovirus. Malingana ndi nthawi ya matendawa komanso mlingo wa chitukuko cha zizindikiro, pali zovuta kwambiri, zovuta kwambiri, zachilendo komanso zachilendo za matendawa.
Mukudziwa? Matendawa ndi pasteurellosis amatha kupezeka mwa kukhudzana ndi nyama zakutchire. Ngakhalenso amphaka angakhale amalonda a pasteurella.
Kuwala
Ng'ombe yovuta kwambiri, kutentha kumawonjezeka kufika 40-42 ° C. Nyama imakhala yopusa ndipo imadya kwambiri. Kuchetsa kwa mkaka kumaima. Nthawi zina, mastitis ikuyamba.
Potsutsana ndi chiwindi cha fever, edema wa mphalapala ndi m'kamwa amatulukira (mawonekedwe odabwitsa). Mawere a pasteurellosis a ziweto amadziwika ndi zizindikiro za kupuma, zomwe zimawonekera kumbuyo kwa chibayo pneumonia, ndi kuphwanya kumeza. 
Ng'ombe yodwala imafuma kawirikawiri, imatha kukhala chifuwa chouma. Achinyamata, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a m'mimba. Kusakaniza kwa flakes ndi magazi kumawoneka m'madzi.
Nthawi zina kutuluka m'magazi, kutupa kwa conjunctiva ya maso ndi magazi mu mkodzo kumayambira. Kuledzeretsa, matenda opuma ndi ntchito ya mtima kumapangitsa imfa masiku awiri.
Muyenera kukhala ndi chidwi chowerenga za matenda akuluakulu a ng'ombe ndi njira zawo zopewa.
Subacute
Maphunziro a subacute amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha kutupa thupi, kutupa kwa mafupa (nyamakazi) ndi nasal mucosa (rhinitis). Kulimbana ndi chifuwa cha chifuwa, mucous kapena mucopurulent nasal discharge.
Kumapeto kwa matendawa, kutsegula m'mimba kumayambira. Matendawa amafa pambuyo pa masiku 3-5.
Zokongola kwambiri
Mu njira ya hyperacute, zizindikiro za chifuwa cha matendawa zimakula mofulumira. Kutentha kukukwera mpaka 41 ° C, kumayamba kutentha kwa zingwe zamagetsi ndi pharynx. Izi zimawonetsedwa ndi kupuma kwakukulu, kukakokera. 
Kutupa khosi ndi maxillary dera. Nthawi zina, kutsegula m'mimba kumayambira. Nyama zimafa mkati mwa maola 12 a tsiku chifukwa cha mpweya wa asphyxia kapena pulmonary.
Nthaŵi zina, imfa imapezeka mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kupwetekedwa mtima kwa mtima kusanayambike mawonetseredwe a chipatala. Mu mawonekedwe achidziwitso, kufa kwachinyama kwa nyama kumapezeka kumbuyo kwa kutsekula m'mimba ndi kutentha thupi.
Zosatha
Chifukwa cha matenda aakuluwo amadziwika ndi zovuta zochepa za kupuma ndi chimbudzi. Kutsekula kwa nthawi yaitali (kawirikawiri, madzi oundana) amachititsa kulemera ndi kufooka.
Chibayo chimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Pang'onopang'ono, kutupa kwa ziwalozo. Ndi matendawa, nyama zimamwalira masabata angapo. 
Kuzindikira matendawa
Chidziwitsochi chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza kwa chidziwitso pa zomwe zimachitika pasteurellosis ya ziweto za m'deralo, pogwiritsa ntchito chitukuko cha ziweto zodwala. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyendetsa zinyama zakufa kuti muwone kusintha kwa ziwalo.
Pofufuza zinthu zambirimbiri zamagetsi, zitsanzo za ziwalo zamagazi ndi magazi zimatengedwa.
Ziwalo zomasulidwa m'matenda zimadalira njira ndi mtundu wa matenda. Mu chitukuko chochuluka ndi cha hyperacute cha matendawa, magazi ambiri amapezeka m'mtima ndi chiwindi.
Kusintha kwa m'mapapo, kupweteka kwa ziwalo, ndi necrosis mu impso ndi chiwindi ndizo zizindikiro za matenda aakulu. Mitundu ya nyama zakufa imatengedwa kukafufuza kaye patangotha maola 3-5 pambuyo pa imfa. 
Kutentha, zitsanzo ziyenera kusungidwa ndi 40% glycerin musanayambe kuyenda. Msuzi ndi magazi zimachokera ku pasteurellosis mu ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe zazikulu.
Kufufuza kwa Laboratory ndi:
- kuyesa magazi smears pansi pa microscope;
- kugawidwa kwa chikhalidwe m'madera apadera;
- Matenda a makoswe a laboratory ndi akalulu ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimakula mu sing'anga;
- kudziŵa mlingo wa kupha kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kuchiza kwa pasteurellosis mu ng'ombe
Ng'ombe zodwala zili kutali ndi chipinda chofunda komanso chouma. Panthawi ya chithandizo, nkofunika kupereka chinyama chabwino. Kujambulira m'mimba komanso m'mimba mwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ndi otetezeka kwambiri a tetracycline: tetracycline, nitox, chloramphenicol, streptomycin ndi mankhwala a sulfa.
Pochiza pasteurellosis pa zinyama monga: "Nitoks", "Lozeval" ndi "Tromeksin".Mankhwala osagwirizana ndi nkhumba pasteurellosis amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza. Kuonjezerapo, njira yothetsera shuga ndi mankhwala a saline amaperekedwa. Kuyamba kwa seramu kumayamba pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda zikuwonekera.
Kuchiza kwabwino kumaperekedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kwa mlingo wambiri wa mankhwala a seramu ndi ma antibiotic a nthawi yaitali. Nyama yodwala kwa miyezi 6-12 ili ndi chitetezo chabwino choteteza mthupi ku pasteurellosis. 
Mukudziwa? Nkhumba zina zomwe zimayambira ku minda yovuta zili ndi chitetezo cha pasteurella. Chitetezo chawo sichimachokera kwa amayi nthawi zonse, koma chimadutsa m'badwo.
Njira zothandizira
Chofunika kwambiri kuti tipewe pasteurellosis ndiko kusunga malamulo amtundu woyang'anira zowonongeka ndi kusamalira zinyama, chifukwa zimathandiza kuchepetsa chitetezo cha ng'ombe. Mukawululidwa mu gulu la pasteurellosis, osagwidwa ndi ziweto ayenera katemera.
Pambuyo poyambitsa katemera wotetezedwa kaŵirikaŵiri, chitetezo chimapangidwa, chomwe chikupitirira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Katemera umodzi wa katemera wa emulsified amapereka chitetezo choteteza Pasteurella kwa nthawi yokha chaka chimodzi.
Monga njira yoteteza, seramu imaperekedwa kwa nyama zazing'ono m'masiku oyambirira kulowa mu famu. Akulu amafunika katemera asanatengedwe. Nyama zatsopano zimayikidwa m'chipinda chokhalira kwaokha kwa masiku 30 ndikuyendera tsiku ndi tsiku. 
Pokumbukira kuthekera kwa kachilombo ka makoswe ndi tizilombo toyamwa magazi, m'pofunika kupanga katemera wodwala kamodzi pachaka. Pofuna kuteteza matenda a misala, m'pofunika kuyesa kafukufuku wamba wa anthu onse.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kuti tiike ng'ombe zokhazo zowonongeka.
Malo omwe nyama zodwalazo zimasungidwa zimatetezedwa. Disinfection iyenera kuchitidwa ndi njira yothetsera bleach, yomwe ili ndi 2% yogwira chlorine, 2% ya sodium hydroxide yankho, 3-5% yotentha creolin solution, 1% formaldehyde yankho.
Chithandizo cha malochi chikubwerezedwa masiku khumi ndi awiri mpaka kusungidwa kwaokha kumachotsedwa. Kusiyanitsa kwayimitsidwa patatha masiku 14 kuchokera pamene chithandizo cha nyama zodwala komanso katemera wa nyama zonse zathanzi ndi zathanzi zatha.
Zovala za ogwira ntchito omwe amasamalira ng'ombe zodwala panthawi ya chithandizo ziyenera kuwonongedwa mosamala. Pachifukwachi, zinthu zophikidwa mu 2% soda kapena zowonjezera 1% chloramine. 
Nsapato za mabulosi amadzizidwa mu 5% ya chloramine kwa maola awiri. Mitembo iyenera kuyesedwa ndi mpweya. Manyowa amatetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
M'minda zomwe zizindikiro za pasteurellosis zadziŵika, pali njira zingapo zoperekera zowonongeka:
- Zaletsedwa kubwezeretsanso, kutumiza ndi kutumiza zinyama;
- Kuchita opaleshoni ndi katemera oletsa matenda ena sikungatheke;
- Zaletsedwa kutenga zolemba, chakudya, zinthu zosamalira;
- Kugulitsa mkaka kuchokera ku ng'ombe zodwala sikuletsedwa.
Pofuna kuteteza ng'ombe zanu ku matenda, tsatirani malamulo oyang'anira zinyama, chitani zowononga komanso kugula zinyama pokhapokha muzamasamba olemera.
Samalani kwambiri kafukufuku wokhazikika wa ng'ombe zazikulu ndi zazikulu. Kumbukirani lamulo lofunikira: kupewa matenda a ng'ombe ndi otsika mtengo kuposa mankhwala.
