Tsabola wobiriwira ndi mbewu yotchuka, yomwe imakula m'malo obiriwira, m'nthaka pansi pa filimu kapena miphika pazenera zowoneka ndi loggias.
Zomera zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zisamalire, ngati zisayikidwa bwino, zimamwe madzi ndipo ngati kutentha sikusamalidwe, akhoza kudwala.
Tsabola amaopsezedwa ndi tizirombo zambiri zomwe zimayenera kulamulidwa.
Mutu wa nkhani yathu lero ndi matenda a tsabola lokoma ndipo amamenyana nawo, zithunzi za zomera zokhudzana ndi kachilomboka. Komanso fufuzani chifukwa chake mbande ya tsabola ya ku Bulgaria imagwa?
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira zomwe tingachite nawo
Tiyeni tione nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane: tizilombo ta mbande tsabola zokoma ndikumenyana nawo, zithunzi za zomera zowonongeka zilipo.
Choncho, ngakhale musanafese tsabola chifukwa cha mbande, ndi bwino kudziŵa momwe mungatetezere ndi njira zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Aphid. Anadabwa chomera ataphimbidwa ndi zokomamakamaka zowonekeratu pa zimayambira komanso mu tsamba la masamba. Mphutsi imadyetsa madzi a mphukira, tsabola amauma, amasiya maluwa ndi mapangidwe a zipatso. Pozindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za nsabwe za m'masamba, muyenera kuyamba kumenyana naye.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zokwanira karbofos yankho labwino kapena losakaniza lonse lapansi, limasinthidwa molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. Kuchokera ku mankhwala amtunduwu, mungagwiritse ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa fumbi kapena phulusa, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kwambiri ndi zimayambira ndi nthambi.
Mutha kuthana ndi zomera pa maluwa ndi kukula, koma pambuyo mapangidwe ovaries kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kuima.
Kangaude mite. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka nyengo yozizira kwambiri. Pambali mwa masamba ndi zimayambira, timadzi timadzi timadziwika, ndi tizilombo tolimba tchimera chimatha, kuchepetsa kukula ndikufa. Monga prophylaxis ikhoza kuchitidwa kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse ndi madzi ofunda, kawirikawiri imatulutsa wowonjezera kutentha ndi kuchotsa filimuyo kuchokera ku landings.
Mitengo yokhudza Sambani ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a sopowothira mafuta anyezi kapena adyo madzi. Kukonzekera n'kotheka pa magawo onse a zamasamba.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagonjetse tizilombo.
Slugs. Garden slugs ndi makamaka osasamala kuti yowutsa mudyo amadyera lokoma tsabola. Amadya masamba, amafooketsa kwambiri zomera ndikupangitsa kuti zitsamba ndi zipatso zikhale zovunda. Amawoneka kawirikawiri m'madera otentha ndi amvula, amatha kutaya nthawi yotentha. Kulimbana ndi slugs Ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole m'minda, ndikukhazikitsa nthaka.
Pansi pa zitunda ndi tsabola kukumba mmphepete mwa madzi, omwe nthawi zonse amawaza phulusa. Pafupi ndi mabedi mukhoza kulemba mapeyala, zojambula zakuthupi kapena zinthu zina. Madzulo aliwonse, mapepala amanyamulidwa, tizirombo tomwe timasonkhanitsidwa timasonkhanitsidwa ndi manja ndikuwonongedwa.
Werengani zambiri za mankhwala ochokera ku slugs, komanso misampha ndi njira zowerengera.
Chipatala cha Colorado. M'malo obiriwira ndi osowa, koma amatha kuwononga zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa pansi. Tizilombo timakololedwa ndi manja.modekha kugwedeza tchire. Athandiza ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa a celandine. Kupewa pafupi ndi tsabola mukhoza kubzala nyemba.
Mukhoza kuphunzira za njira zazikulu zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito pano.
Matenda a pepper ndi njira zamankhwala
Pano ife tikuwona za matenda a mbande zokoma tsabola ndi kumenyana nawo, zithunzi za matendawa zimaperekedwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito.
Msolo wakuda. Matenda afupipafupi, amakhudza zomera pa mmera. Mbali yapansi ya tsinde imakhala yamdima komanso yoonda.Pa milandu yoopsa, chomeracho chimatha msanga ndi kufa. Chifukwa chake chingakhale madzi okwanira ambiri, omwe amachititsa kuti acidification ya nthaka, kuchepetsa kutentha, nthaka yolemetsa, yopanda mphamvu.
Kwa prophylaxis nthaka yoyandikana ndi zomera iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zambiri ndi mosamala.
Kuthirira kumachitika osati pazu, koma pafupi ndi tsinde. Zimathandizanso kuti zouma nthaka ndi phulusa. Zomera zimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi a antibacterial drugs (mwachitsanzo, "Mzere").
Kuwonongeka kochedwa. Matenda a tomato ndi tsabola. Zipatso zimadwala nazo: Mdima wandiweyani amaonekera pa tsabola, pang'onopang'ono kuphimba zipatso zonse. Kudya ndiwo zamasamba n'zosatheka. Pochepetsa kuchepetsa vutoli, ndi bwino kukula msinkhu wotsutsana ndi matendawa. Mitengo yokhudza Ndibwino kuti mupopera nthawi zonse ndi mankhwala apadera. ("Mzere" kapena "Chingwe").
Grey kuvunda. Zowonjezereka mu mafilimu opanga mafilimu okhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu ndi kutentha. Mukatsikira mpaka madigiri 15, imvi imafalikira ku chipatso, kenako mpaka kumalo ena onse. Zizindikiro zizindikiro: Mawanga a bulauni ndi madontho owoneka ndi nkhungu komanso fungo labwino.
Spores ya bowa mwamsanga amafalikira kupyolera mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo amachotsedwa mmenemo pamodzi ndi zotsalira za zomera. Kuzindikira zizindikiro zoyamba za nkhungu imvi, amafunika kuchotsa mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera ndikuziwotcha nthawi yomweyo. Zomera zimapulitsidwa ndi "Chingwe" kapena wothandizira wina.
Vuto Lotembenuka. Kawirikawiri amapezeka m'nyumba zosungiramo zobiriwira ndipo amakhala pansi pa filimuyo. Pa masamba ndi zipatso zimawoneka mdima wonyezimira ndi khalidwe lopaka fungo. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhudza mbali zam'mwamba za chomera, matendawa amakula mofulumira. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kuwonjezereka kwa nayitrogeni ndi fetashi feteleza.
Calcium nitrate ikhoza kuchiza tchire chokhudzidwa. Zipatso zomwe zafika pakukula mwakuya ndipo sizikukhudzidwa ndi kuwonongeka ziyenera kukololedwa nthawi yomweyo; tsabola yotenthedwa iyenera kutenthedwa.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda?
Pofuna kupewa matenda a mbande za tsabola wa ku Bulgaria, nkofunika kutsatira malamulo ena osavuta:
- Mu wowonjezera kutentha, gawo lapamwamba la nthaka limasintha pachaka. Mukakulira mutseguka zaka 2-3, tsabola obzalidwa m'malo atsopano. Simungathe kuziyika kumene chaka chatha chimakula mbatata, tomato ndi nightshade.
- Kukula ndi bwino kusankha hybridsKulimbana ndi matenda a fungal ndi mavairasi.
- Malo osungira zomera ndi malo obiriwira ayenera kukhala osatetezedwa kwathunthu pakutha kwa nyengo. M'nyumba yam'madzi yonse, kugwira ntchito popanda kupuma, kusungidwa kwaukhondo kumachitika kawiri pachaka.
- Mbewu zoyenera kubzala mbande ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amadzimadzi a potaziyamu permanganate kapena hydrogen peroxide. Werengani zambiri zokhudza kukonzekera mbewu zobzala.
- Mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi simungakhoze kubzalidwa ofooka, kudula kapena kumakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo mbande. Mitengo yogulidwa iyenera kuikidwa paokha.
- Musamabzala zomera mozungulira ndi kuyang'anira ukhondo wa mizere.
- Pofuna kupewa matenda opatsirana ndikofunikira kupopera mankhwala omwe ali ndi mkuwa.
Kufufuza kawirikawiri kwa malo otsetsereka kumathandiza kupeza matenda ndi tizirombo. Nthawi imodzi pamlungu, muyenera kufufuza mosamala zipatso, zimayambira ndi masamba, kuyang'ana kukula ndi kupanga mazira. Mukapeza zizindikiro zoyamba zotsutsa, tengani mwamsanga. Ndikovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda osanyalanyazidwa, ndi chomera chovuta ndipo zipatso zake ziyenera kuwonongedwa.
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kukula bwino kwa mbewu.
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola kapena zowawa kunyumba?
- Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
- Ambiri zimayambitsa mbande ndi chifukwa chiyani masamba azipiringa?
