Amaranth ndi chomera chapadera. Osati kale kwambiri, idawonedwa kuti ndiiyiwalika, koma lero, ku Latin America, chikhalidwe chatha. Amayesa kukulitsa poyambira poyera, kuyambira pamenepo zimachitika mwachangu.
Mitundu yamankhwala imatha kumera kuthengo, kumtunda, imadziwika ngati udzu. Omwe amatsatira zakudya zathanzi samakhala phula la amaranth ndi zipatso, kudya phala sabata iliyonse kapena kukonza maphikidwe osiyanasiyana athanzi ndi nthangala za amaranth.
Chiyambi
Zachidziwikire, aliyense adawona amaranth - chomera chokongola kuchokera ku banja la Amaranth, ngati sichoncho ngati chomera, ndiye mawonekedwe a njere kapena phala.
Maluwa mu June
Amaranth ndi chomera cha herbaceous chomwe anthu a Mayan ndi Aztec adadziwa. Munthu amagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zake zonse:
- Phesi
- Zomera
- Muzu
- Mbewu.
Dzinalo lamakono limachokera ku liwu Lachi Greek "losafa". Komabe, sanakule ku Greece kokha. Idalimidwa kalekale ku Latin America, pomwepo inali mbewu yotchuka kwambiri, yomwe idalimidwa kumayiko ambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya, chimanga, nyemba ndi zukini.
Tcherani khutu! Pafupifupi tawuni yaku Mexico ya Tehuacan, Puebla, zitsanzo zakale za mbewu ndi duwa louma la amaranth kuyambira 4000 BC zapezeka.
Kuchokera kuzambiri zakale zimadziwika kuti amaranth yoyera ndi othandiza pamiyambo yakale yachipembedzo. Anachitidwa ndi a Aztec ndi a Inca. Zotchuka kwambiri za izi zinali njira yopanga zifanizo za milungu ndi zifanizo. Pachifukwa ichi, azimayi amatenga nthangala ya chomera, yodetsedwa chifukwa cha magazi amunthu (kuchokera ku nsembeyo), yosakanizidwa ndi uchi ndi maolinto. Kenako adalilanda fanoli ndipo pamwambo wotsatira adasweka. Zidutsazo zidadyedwa ndi anthu onse am'fuko.
Zambiri. Sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti mtolankhani mmodzi komanso mtundu wina, Amaranta Hanks, adatchulidwa kutengera chikhalidwe cha phala. Nthawi inayake zapitazo, yunivesite yoyamba padziko lapansi idatsegulidwa ndi mtsikana wa nyenyezi, pomwe omwe akutenga nawo mbali akuphunzira nawo nkhani zovuta. Amaranth "kanema wapa kanema" Henk apereka pulogalamu yapadera yophunzitsira ndipo akulimbana mwachangu ndi kutopa kwa akatswiri. Mtsikanayo iyemwini amakhulupirira kuti sipayenera kukhala chizolowezi m'moyo - uwu ndiye mliri wam'badwo wamakono. Amaranth Hank akuchenjeza za zaka za 18+ za ophunzira, Rearrator yotsimikiza ndi yayikulu.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Marigold, kapena tambala (dzina lina la chimanga) limadziwika ndi:
- Nthambi zotalika pafupifupi mita imodzi,
- Pachaka kapena osatha (kutengera kalasi)
- Masamba amaloledwa, wobiriwira, komanso ofiira,
- Inflorescence: wofiirira, panicles ofiira, kutalika - kuchokera ku 0 mpaka 0,5 m.
- Kumapeto kwa maluwa (pa 20 Ogasiti), mabokosi azipatso okhala ndi njere zimawonekera.
- Chimakula makamaka nyengo zotentha, South America imadziwika kuti ndi malo obadwira.
2 Yoletsedwa
- Chikhalidwe chimaphatikizapo mitundu 100, imagawidwa kukhala chakudya, masamba komanso kukongoletsa. Ku Russian Federation, mutha kupeza mitundu 20. Imapezeka kuthengo ku China ndi India.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, katundu wothandiza
Kugwiritsa ntchito amaranth ndi zopindulitsa zake kwaphunziridwa kalekale. Poyamba idakulitsidwa ngati chomera chokongoletsera, ndiye, atapenda phindu lofunikira thupi, adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a ziweto komanso kupanga mbewu monga chimanga. Amaranth groats ndi othandiza kwambiri, koma ali ndi kukoma kwake. Kuphika ndikosavuta, monga phala lililonse labwino: kuthira madzi otentha ndikuphika kwa mphindi 15-20.
Chomera chimaphatikiza mosiyanasiyana zophatikiza ndi michere ndi michere:
- Mavitamini - A, C, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, PP, K.
- Iron, zinc, selenium, manganese, mkuwa - kufufuza zinthu.
- Calcium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, magnesium, calcium, sodium - macrocell.
- Amarantin ndi antioxidant.
- Mapuloteni
- Pectin
- Squalene - amalepheretsa kukula kwa khansa.
- Zakudya zamafuta.
- Omega 3 ndi 6 mafuta acids.
Zofunika! Mbewu ya Amaranth (apo ayi amatchedwanso "shikira") ili ndi mapuloteni 30% ochulukirapo kuposa mu oatmeal ndi mpunga. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuposa tirigu ndi soya. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchokera pamasamba mutha kupeza utoto wachilengedwe womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito chakudya popanda vuto.
Machiritso amtundu wa amaranth udzu ndi masamba:
- Pansi mafuta m'thupi
- Chithandizo cha calcium
- Sinthani kagayidwe
- Yambitsani ntchito yaubongo
- Chithandizo cha magazi m`kamwa
- Amakhala osagwirizana komanso odana ndi kutupa
- Tetezani ku matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi, etc.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu:
- Dyetsani
- Zamasamba
- Mbale
- Zodzikongoletsa (mawonekedwe ofiira, ofiira aanthu).
Mitundu yodalirika ndiyophatikizapo:
- "Valentine"
- Linga
- "Opopeo",
- "Mukukumbukira za Nkhunda",
- Mawonekedwe oyera ndi ofiira.
Chilichonse chimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya: masamba, zimayambira, ngakhale mizu.
Wotetezedwa
Kutalika kwa amaranth tailed kumatha kufika 1.5 metres. Ichi ndi chitsamba champhamvu kwambiri ndi tsinde lomata, lalikulu, lofiirira lomwe likulendewera pang'ono pansi.
Inflorescence pa izo imayamba kutseguka koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Maluwa a taar amaranth amasonkhanitsidwa mu ma tassels-panicles, kunja kwake amafanana ndi michira yayitali ya nkhandwe (chifukwa chake dzina lina la mitunduyo lidawonekera). Kutalika kwa inflorescences kumatha kufika pa theka la mita. Ndi kukongola kwawo, amasangalatsa aliyense asanayambe kuzizira kwambiri.
Mitundu:
- "Rothschwanz" (maluwa ofiira, amdima);
- "Grunshwanz" (inflorescences kuwala kobiriwira).
Zimafalitsa bwino podzibzala.
Kubwezerani kumbuyo
Amaranth woponyedwa amatchedwa udzu, ndipo ndi wankhanza kwambiri. Komabe, mtunduwu ndi mankhwala, umakolola kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Okutobala, pogwiritsa ntchito mizu, mbewu ndi masamba chifukwa cha zamankhwala.
Kubwezerani kumbuyo
Kufotokozera:
- Tsamba lolunjika
- Msinkhu - 1 m
- Muzu wofanana ndi Beetroot,
- Kutalika kwa masamba - 4-14 masentimita, m'lifupi - mpaka 6 cm. Amayenda kumtunda, petiole kutalika kuposa mbale. Nthambi zimatembenukira kumalo opepuka ndi ndege yake.
- Maluwa amatengedwa mu inflorescence yobiriwira.
- Zipatso zotseguka, mbewuyo imakhala mulifupi mwake, 1 mm, yofiirira pakuda.
- Maluwa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Ogasiti, mpaka nthangala 5000 zitha kupangidwa pachomera chimodzi.
Tricolor
Kwa amaranth amtundu wautatu, dzina "kuwunikira" ndiloyenera, ngati silili nalo. Zozimitsa moto zoterezi zimakopa chidwi cha anthu. Pakadali pano, ndizosavuta kusamalira.
Tricolor
Unachokera ku madera otentha a Asia. Ndi piramidi pachaka wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, achikaso ndi ofiira. Msinkhu - mpaka 150 cm.
Maluwa ali pamwamba penipeni, motero zikuwoneka kuti tsinde likuyaka moto. Limamasula ndi tinthu tating'ono kuyambira koyambirira kwenikweni kwa chilimwe mpaka kuzizira kwambiri. Amamva kubzala wamkulu, yekha komanso gulu la zikhalidwe zina.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zitsamba mu tiyi wowuma kapena ngati zonunkhira chakudya.
Kufiyira
Mantha amaranth ali ndi zimayambira zowoneka bwino, masamba, ndi inflorescence. Mtundu wakuya kwambiri umasiyanitsa iwo ndi ena. Zikuwoneka kuti chipatso chofiyira chamera pachiwembucho.
Kufiyira
Mbewuyi ndi pachaka, imakula msanga mpaka kutalika kwa 1.6 metre, ndikupanga munda wokongola. Nthambi imakhala ndi utoto wowala. Monga lamulo, amapaka utoto motsogozedwa ndi kutentha ndi kutentha. Kuyambira kutentha, mthunziwo umakulirakulira.
Madzi am'madzimadzi ali pabwino, otambalala kumtunda, ngati mauni akuyaka m'mapanga amdima.
Kunja kofikira
Nthawi yodzala amaranth kuchokera kumbewu, kulima kuyenera kuyambitsidwa pokhapokha ngati nthaka yayamba kutentha pambuyo pa dzinja ndipo kutentha kwatalikiranso mumsewu. Nthawi zambiri, njirayi imayamba kumapeto kwa masika. Amaranth nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu ndi malo amodzi, momwe mbewu zazitali zimafunikira kuti mudzaze malowa.
Mmera wofesa
Malo abwino
Mufunika:
- Malo osankhidwa mosamala
- Dothi lolondola
- Mbande zakonzedwa zakula kuchokera ku mbewu.
Zambiri. Mbewu imakololedwa mphukira itasanduka yoyera ndipo nthambi yataya masamba. Pakatha milungu iwiri, maluwa amapukutidwa - mbewu zimatuluka. Amasungira kumera kwa zaka zina zisanu. Ayenera kubzalidwe m'nthaka mwezi umodzi asanabzalidwe kosapendeka (kumapeto kwa Marichi) kapena mu Meyi wobzalidwa mwachindunji pamalowo.
Musanayambe kutchera, ndikofunikira kusankha malo abwino kwambiri, nthaka yophatikiza ndi mandimu. Kuti mukule chomera cholimba, ndikofunikira kuthira dothi bwino ndi nitroammophos (20 g pa 1 m2).
Chikhalidwe chimakonda dzuwa komanso kutentha, chifukwa malowo amayenera kuyatsidwa bwino. Kubzala mbande kumachitika mtunda wa 30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzere umodzi.
Pang'onopang'ono ndondomeko yobzala mbewu
Mabedi azikonzedwa kuyambira kugwa: kukumba ndikuwonjezera feteleza wachilengedwe kapena wovuta. Njira yabwino ndi humus kapena kompositi. Iliyonse zana - 500 kg.
Chikhalidwe chowuma, kukonzekera kosefa
Zofunikira:
- Kuyang'ana mabedi kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera.
- Osabzala pamtunda - mvula ikhoza kutsuka mbewu.
- Chapakatikati, yambaninso kukumba mabedi ndi kudyetsanso.
- Bzalani m'mizere, kenako ndikuonda.
- Nthawi yowulula ndi Meyi.
- Zitsime mpaka 5 cm.
- Mukukonzekera kumera ndi kuzika kwa mphukira, kuchotsa udzu ndi kukhetsa madzi ndizofunikira.
Nthambi zoyamba zimawonekera pakatha masiku 10. Kubalanso kumaloledwa kuchitika pambuyo pa masabata awiri.
Chisamaliro
Malamulo osamalira odwala ndi awa:
- Amaranth amalimbana ndi chilala, amawakonda kuposa kusefukira ndi chinyezi.
- Zinyezi zochulukirapo sizimalekerera, mizu imayamba kuvunda. Kuthirira, motero, kuyenera kukhala koyenera. Mukamwetsa madzi, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa, kuwunika chinyezi. M'mwezi woyamba mutabzala, kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira, popeza mizu imayamba kulowa pansi. Mizu yake imafunika "kudyetsedwa" kuti mizu yake izikhalitse bwino. Mu nthawi yamvula, amaranth amathiriridwa pamadzi ndi mbewu zina pamalopo.
- Malo omwe akutsikira ayenera kukhala abwino.
- Kutentha kwakukulu pakukula ndi madigiri + 20. Zipere zazing'ono (mpaka madigiri a 2) chikhalidwecho chimalekerera bwino. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri - ayi, motero amawononga mbewuyo nthawi yachisanu.
- Tizilombo ndi matenda nthawi zambiri sizipsa mtima pachikhalidwe. Kwenikweni, izi zimachitika ngati mbewuyo sinabzalidwe pa nthawi yoyenera.
- Kubzala ku Siberia, mbande zakonzedwa zopangidwa nthawi zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbewu za m'gawo lino sizingathenso kutsegulidwa.
Chisamaliro chochuluka chikuyenera kulipidwa paliponse pakukula komwe kwayamba. Masabata 4 oyambilira, chitukuko chimachedwa komanso chofooka, mabedi otseguka amaphimbidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mphukira zopanda mphamvu komanso kuphukira. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakadali pano kuthirira dziko lapansi, kumasula, kuchotsa kwa udzu ndi zomera zambiri.
Ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, pambuyo pake zophukira zimayamba kukula mwachangu: onjezani masentimita 5-7 patsiku. Pakatha miyezi iwiri, mbewuyo imakhala yolimba, yolimba komanso yolimba. Komabe, ndikofunikira kumasula, udzu ndi kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Chovala chabwino kwambiri cha amaranth ndi phulusa. Njira yothetsera vutoli imachitika motere:
- 200 gr. phulusa pa ndowa
- mullein solution (1 gawo) imawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza.
Feteleza umathiridwa m'mawa mutathilira.
Zofunika! Ngati kuvala zovala zapamwamba kunayambitsidwa m'dzinja mukamakonzekera kuzirala m'nthaka, ndiye kuti nthawi yachisanu ikadzayamba kuphukira musanabzale, mutatha kulowa feteleza mutatha kulowa
Kodi amaranth ndi chiyani - mbewu ya chimanga kapena chomera chakupha? Funso ndilotsutsana. Mitundu ina sikuti yangokhala yothandiza, siyiyenera kukhudzidwa nkomwe. Komabe, ndizosangalatsa chotani chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha mabulashi okongola pang'ono panthawi yamaluwa! Amawoneka ngati ma iclicles ofewa koma owala opindika kuchokera pachitsamba.
Bhonasi yosangalatsa ndichakuti chikhalidwecho chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya ndikutengedwa ngati mankhwala. Chachikulu ndikudziwa zomwe mbewu ingachite bwino kapena kuvulaza, zomwe zotsutsana zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
