Hatiora ndi a banja la cacti. Choyamba chopezeka kumadera otentha a Brazil, chotero, chimaonedwa ngati chomera chodabwitsa. Dzina lake linaperekedwa mwa kulemekeza wojambula zithunzi ndi masamu Thomas Hariot. The hatiora ili ndi mapesi ndipo ndi epiphytic ndi lithophytic cactus. Mu chilengedwe, imakula kufika mamita awiri. Nthawi zambiri zimakula m'mapangidwe a miyala kapena mitengo. Zimayambira kukula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ali ndi zaka zambiri. Thunthu limakula ndi nthawi, chifukwa chaichi hatata ali ndi zaka 3-4, zimakhala ngati mtengo.
Zomwe zimakhala bwino mnyumbamo
Chipangizo cha thermophilous. Amakonda chinyezi, koma osati chiwonongeko chake. Mavuto otentha, kutentha ndi dzuwa. Maluwa amachokera ku madera otentha ndipo amafunikira zinthu pafupi ndi chilengedwe chake.
Kuunikira
Amakonda kuwala kosavuta, ndipo kusankha malo a duwa kuyenera kuganiziridwa. Pazenera kumbali yakumpoto, shading ndizofunikira m'nyengo yachilimwe, dzuwa limakhala loipa kwambiri maluwa. Pa windows windows, yomwe ili kumpoto, ndiyang'anire kuwala kokwanira. Ndi bwino kuika duwa kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kutentha
Sizodziwika za kutentha kwa firiji, chipinda chili chabwino. Kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C kuyenera kusungidwa nthawi yonseyi, kupatula nthawi yonse. Ndi mpweya wouma, nthawi zonse spray madzi ofunda.
Ndikofunikira! Pa nthawi yopuma, ndipo ichi ndi chiyambi ndi pakatikati ya autumn, nkofunika kuchepetsa ulamuliro wa kutentha kufika ku 15 ° C. Apo ayi, chomeracho sichipeza nthawi yokhala ndi mphamvu pamaso pa maluwa.
Kusamalira hatiora kunyumba
Kusamalira a hatior kunyumba sikufuna khama lalikulu, chinthu chachikulu ndikumvetsera maonekedwe a duwa. Kuthirira kwa nthawi yake ndi kuvala - chinthu chachikulu. Zoona, zimayambira ndi zofooka kwambiri, nkoyenera kumvetsera maluwa akuluakulu.
Kuchokera ku zolemera zawo iwo akhoza kuswa ndi kusowa chithandizo. Pankhaniyi, iwo ayenera kumangirizidwa. Zojambula zolakwika ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, chifukwa cha izi, masamba ndi cuttings akhoza kugwa. M'chilimwe, duwa ndilofunika kupanga khonde.
Kuthirira
Hatiora ndi wokonda chinyezi ndipo amafunika kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Mukamabzala zomera, ndi bwino kumvetsera bwino madzi osungira madzi, kotero kuti palibe chinyezi chokhazikika. Mizu ya chiphalachiyi ndi yovuta komanso imakhala ndi chinyezi mu gawo lapansi mwamsanga.
Muzu wothirira bwino umachitidwa monga pamwamba pa gawo lapansi zouma ndi pang'ono madzi. Pa nthawi ya kutentha madzi m'mawa kapena madzulo. Madzi ayenera kupatulidwa ndi kutentha monga mvula yamvula. Panthawi yopuma, kuthirira kwachepa kwambiri.
Gulu la zomera zokoma limaphatikizaponso: Kalanchoe, Nolina, Aihrizone, Agave, Cacti, Lithops, Adenium, Aloe, Young, Zamiokulkas, Fatty.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Mpweya wouma umalekerera bwino. Izi ndizo malo ake okhalamo. Mu kutentha kumasowa zina zowonjezera foliar. Ndikoyenera kuyika chikhomo pansi pa mphika ndi chonyowa chowonjezera dongo.
Chotsitsa ndi kudyetsa
Palibe zofunikira zapadera kuti asankhe dothi la hatiora. Zingabzalidwe mu gawo logula, ndi nthaka kuchokera m'munda kapena masamba. Pali masitolo magawo makamaka kwa kukula cacti. Iwo apanga kale feteleza zonse zofunika kwa zomera.
Poyamba, mutabzala, zomera sizidzasowa zina zowonjezera. M'nthaka, kuchokera kumalo a chiwembu chake, dziko lapansi mwachibadwa limadzaza ndi ma microelements oyenera.
Sankhani chomera chonde (pamwamba lotayirira nthaka yosanjikiza). Muzilimbikitsana ndi mchenga ndi peat. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumakhala kowonjezera kwambiri. Mukamabzala duwa mumphika, samalirani madzi.
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite pa izi: Njerwa zosweka, dothi lochepetsedwa, mwala wopunduka, kapena thovu. Ayenera kukhala gawo lachitatu la mphika.
Ndikofunika kudyetsa duwa panthawi ya kukula. Kudyetsa nthawi 1-2 pa mwezi. Zokwanira kwa banja lililonse feteleza cacti. Zakudya za kudya siziyenera kuphatikizapo calcium. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza kwa cacti.
Ndikofunikira! Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane ndondomeko ya nayitrogeni mu feteleza. Zambirimbiri, zimakhudza kwambiri chomeracho, zimapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa panthawi yopuma
M'nthaŵi yotsala, hatior safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Kutentha kwa chipinda chimene maluwawo ali pa sitejiyi sayenera kupitirira 15 ° C.
Pansi pa zochitika izi, zomera sizimachokera ku hibernation ndi kupeza mphamvu. Ngati hatiora ikuyenda panthawi yopuma ndipo simukudziwa choti muchite, imwani madzi pang'ono ndi madzi ofunda. Kumbukirani kuti kuthirira nthawiyi sayenera kukhala kawirikawiri.
Mukamachoka ku hibernation, chomerachi chiyenera kudyetsa. Mphukira yakale yomwe imadulidwa iyenera kudulidwa. Kotero mumatsitsimutsa kukongola.
Kuti mupange mpweya wabwino muofesi, mukhoza kudzala monstera, violets, spathiphyllum, chlorophytum, dieffenbachia, ficus.
Ndizimene zimapangidwira bwino nthawi yonseyi, zomera zidzayamba kupanga masamba. Tiyeni tiwone pamene hatiora blooms. M'dziko lathu, zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira kapena yamasika, ndipo kunyumba, zomera zimamera m'chilimwe.
Kusamba ndi kubereka
Kufalitsa hatiora kumachitika cuttings. Tsegulani zigawo 2-3, ndiye zouma ndikubzala mu nthaka yonyowa kapena mchenga. Zimakhalanso kuti zidutswa zomwe zagwera kuchokera kwa mayiyo zimakula kukula m'nthaka.
Pakapita nthawi, funso limayambira momwe mungasinthire hatiora. Ndikofunika kubzala kumapeto kwa maluwa, m'chaka. M'dera lathu limamera m'nyengo yozizira. Mbewu yaying'ono imaikidwa chaka chilichonse, komanso munthu wamkulu nthawi zonse 3-4 zaka. Phika ayenera kukhala wotsika.
Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi mabakiteriya Matenda pa gawo la chomera amawoneka otsekemera ndi malo amvula. Icho chiyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga, mwinamwake nthendayi idzapita ndi kukula. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa tsinde lalikulu, nkofunikira kupanga kusonkhanitsa. Kuchokera ku cuttings wathanzi kumakula chomera chatsopano. Mankhwala oletsa antibacterial pankhaniyi alibe mphamvu.
Of fungal Matenda amapezeka kawirikawiri ndi fusarium. Kutengera kwa hatiora ndi fusarium kumapezeka kudzera mu gawo lowonongeka, pamene tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa mkati mwake. Kuchiza pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides. Kuchuluka kwake kumasonyezedwa m'mawu okonzekera.
Bvuto lochedwa limakhudza mizu. Kawirikawiri amatenga kachilombo ka HIV ndikuyambitsa matenda onse. Kutaya choyipa kumatsimikizirika ndi mawonekedwe a chomera, hatiora kufota mofulumira ndipo zizindikiro zimasintha mtundu kukhala woyera. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa kukonzekera matenda a fungal.
Zimakhalanso zovuta kukhala otetezeka ku tizirombo. Kawirikawiri ndi: kangaude, whitefly, wormy worm, scythe. Ndikofunika kuchiza tizilombo kuchokera ku mtundu wina wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zosiyanasiyana za hatiora
Hatiora ali ndi zida zake zapadera zomwe sizikusokonezeka ndi mbewu ina iliyonse. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka, amakhala ndi mayina ambiri: "misonzi yamwamuna", "loto la woledzera", "mafupa a kuvina".
Mukudziwa? Pali zamatsenga zomwe hatiora "ikhoza kupulumuka" munthu wochokera kunyumba. Olima amaluso amazindikira mfundo zoterozo ndi kunyoza.
Kuti mukhale ndi zinthu zozungulira mumatuluka mitundu imeneyo:
- Hatiora Gartner ali ndi mdima wobiriwira womwe ukuwomba. Zigawozo zimakhala zozungulira komanso pamphepete mwa mapepala a scalloped ndi azitsulo pamwamba. M'madera a zowonjezereka ndi pamwamba pa zimayambira, masamba ofiira owala amawonekera pa maluwa.
- Hatiora Germina amawombera kapena kuwongoka. The areola ali ndi tsitsi 1-2. Maluwa amawoneka pamwamba pa areola. Mtundu wofiira wa mtundu wa buls.
- Pinera pinora. Mphukira zake ziribe mtundu winawake. Malinga ndi kuwala, mphukira ikhoza kukhala mdima wobiriwira, wofiira kapena wobuluu. Zigawo ndizochepa, zili ndi nkhope 3-4. Palipansi ndi m'mphepete mwa scalloped. 1-3 maluwa okongola ngati mapepala amapezeka pamwamba pa areola. Mtundu wa Mphukira umatsimikiziridwa ndi dzina la mitunduyo.
- Hatiora salicornous kapena saltrosovaya ali ndi magawo abwino. Zimakula, zimathamanga kapena zimamveka. Zigawozi ndi zoboola kapena zoboola. Chifukwa cha ichi, munthu wamba amamwa "loto la chidakwa." Maluwa ndi ochepa, amawoneka ngati mabelu. Iwo ali pamwamba pa zitsambazo ndipo ali ndi lalanje, lachikasu kapena la salimoni. Mitundu iyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri ndipo ili ndi mayina ambiri. Ndipo chifukwa cha chiyambi ichi hatiora imatchedwanso "mafupa a kuvina."
Mukudziwa? Poyamba, Ripsalidopsis ankaonedwa kuti ndi mtundu umodzi wa zomera, koma masiku ano mabotolo amatha kusintha mitundu yonse ya zamoyo kupita ku mtundu wa Hatiora.
Ripsalidopsis imatchedwanso "Cactus" ya Easter chifukwa imamera masika. Nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka ndi Schlumberger (zygocactus, Decembrist), amawoneka ofanana kwambiri, koma ali a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi pachimake pa nthawi zosiyana.
Ripsalidopsis ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi zygocactus ndi mbale yachitsulo: poyamba, ndi yosalala, ndipo yachiwiri, ndi mano owopsa pamphepete. Maluwa Ripsalidopsisa ozungulira, ndi Decembrist beveled.
Hatiora alibe mitundu yochuluka kwambiri, koma zonse si zachilendo ndipo amayenera kusamala. Posankha chomera chatsopano, timayesa kusonkhanitsa zonse zokhudza izo.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti hatiora ndi poizoni kapena ayi. Kwa zaka zambiri, kulima duwa iyi panyumba pa vuto lomwelo silinafotokozedwe. Hatiora si chomera chakupha.
