Kubzala mu mapiritsi a peat ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi kulima mbande za tsabola.
Njira imeneyi imathetsa chiwonongeko kwa mizu yovuta ya chikhalidwe ichi pamene mukuika, kotero, zimapangitsa kukhala ndi zomera zamphamvu komanso zathanzi, ndipo zotsatira zake ndizokolola zochuluka.
Timasankha mapiritsi a peat a tsabola
Mapiritsi a Seeding - ma disk otsindikizidwa kuchokera ku peat a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kwa kubzala tsabola ayenera kusankha madontho kuchokera ku peat low acidity.
Makope Osautsa Ambiri yokonzekera mbewu zamaluwa, ndi Sikoyenera kuti tizitsamba mbande za masamba.
Pamwamba pa piritsili iliyonse ili ndi machete apadera, opangidwa ndi fungicide. Zimathandiza kusunga mawonekedwe a disk pamene imanyowa ndi kuteteza mbewu ku matenda ndi matenda a fungal.
Kuwonjezera pa peat Ma disk akuphatikizapo kufufuza zinthu ndi kukula zolimbikitsa.
Mapiritsi ali oyenera kubzala tsabola mlingo waukulu wa 70 mm. Peat imapanga zinthu zabwino polima tsabola mbande. Gawo lapansimomwe mizu imayikidwa, monga kupuma bwino ngati n'kotheka ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo ali ndi zakudya zokwanira.
TIP. Onetsetsani kugula mapiritsi otchipa otsika mtengo kwambiri. Siziyikidwa mumapangidwe, ndipo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, zidzangowonongeka ndi kutaya mawonekedwe ake. Musamamwe mapiritsi a tsabola, omwe amakhalanso ndi ma khonokota kuwonjezera pa peat, amauma mofulumira ndipo mizu imakhala ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi.
Mukafesa tsabola
Mosiyana ndi kubzala m'nthakaanalimbikitsa tsabola mu February, kufesa mu mapiritsi a peat ikhoza kusinthidwa mpaka March(kuyambira 1 mpaka 10).
Pepper adzayamba mwa iwo mofulumirakuyambira sisowa kuthamanga.
Ndipo chiwerengero cha zinthu zomwe zidzawathandize zidzawathandiza kupeza mphamvu.
Malamulo okonzekera mbewu
Ntchito yokonzekera nyemba za tsabola zofesa mu mapiritsi a peat zimachitidwa mofanana ndi kufesa kawirikawiri pansi.
- Mbewu imasankhidwa mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate kwa mphindi 20-30.
- Ndiye amatsukidwa ndikuikidwa mu nsalu yonyowa kwa masiku 6-7.
- Kumera kumachitika pa kutentha kwa madigiri 25-26.
Mapiritsi ophika
Kwa kufesa, mapiritsi a peat amaikidwa pa pakhomo motero kuti maenje a mbewu ali pamwamba. Chiwerengero cha mapiritsi chiwerengedwera pa maziko a chidutswa chimodzi pa mbewu imodzi.
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki bokosi la keke, mutabzala mungathe kuphimba bokosi ndipo mutha kuthetsa vuto la kulenga zinthu.
Pakalipano, pallets yapaderadera yapadera ndi miyala yapadera yopangira mapepala a peat akhala akugulitsidwa. Zida zamakasetizi ndizofunikira kwa mapiritsi., ndipo mkati mwake peat imadzaza mofanana ndi chinyezi ndipo sumauma mu mbeu ya kumera.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, matanki amtengo wapatali nthawi zambiri ali ndi zida zapadera, zoyenera. Izi nthawi yomweyo zimathetsa vuto la kulenga zinthu zobiriwira..
Pulogalamuyi kuyamba pang'onopang'ono moisten. Izi ziyenera kuchitika pafupi theka la ora. Madzi amawonjezeredwa pang'onopang'ono, pamene amalowa mu peat discs. Magomewo adzawonjezereka pang'onopang'ono, kukula kwake sikudzasintha kwambiri.
Wetting iyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi ofunda pang'ono.. Madzi ozizira amadzipsa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kutenthedwa kwambiri kungathe kuwononga gululi ndipo nthaka idzabalalitsidwa. Pofuna kuteteza matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi, mukhoza kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate.
Momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu
Mbeu zowonongeka zimayikidwa m'zitsime zamapiritsi.
Ngati kuya kwake sikukwanira, Tengani dzenje ndi chinthu chophweka.
Wodziwa munda wamaluwa amalangiza ikani nyemba ziwiri muzitsulo iliyonse, monga ena sangathe kumera.
Ngati pali mphukira ziwiri mu mapiritsi ena, amene amalephera kuchotsa.
TIP. Ndi bwino kuti musatenge mphukira zina kuchokera ku dothi, koma kungodula pamtunda. Kutulutsa kopi yosafunikira, mukhoza kuwononga mizu ya mapiritsi otsala.
Mwa kuika mbewu mu pilisi, kuchokera kumwamba iwo ali ndi nthaka yosanjikiza motere kotero kuti pamwamba pa fossa ndi ofanana. Palibe kusowa kofesedwa mbewu, popeza mapiritsiwa amadzaza ndi chinyezi mokwanira.
Mbewu yophimbidwa ndi kapu yowonetsera kuti ipangitse zinthu zobiriwira ndi kuziyika (madigiri 22-25) ndi malo owala.
Pakuyamera chivindikirocho chimatsegulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mpweya uzikhala. Komanso, musalole kusungunuka kwa condensate pamwamba, kupukuta ndi chopukutira.
Kukuwombera m'mapiritsi kudzawonekera masiku 7-10. Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mphukira zoyamba, kapu iyenera kuchotsedwa. Kutentha kwa masiku 3-4 kunachepetsedwa kufika madigiri 17-18..
Kuti muwonjezere kukula mumayenera kunyamula malo okhala ndi kuwala kwakukulu komanso kutentha kwa madigiri 24-25. Usiku, kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 15, zomwe zimapangitsa kuumitsa kwa zomera. Pa nthawi yomweyo musalole kuti kutentha kukhale pansi pa madigiri 12mwinamwake iwo adzayamba kufa.
Kubzala chisamaliro
Kusamalira tsabola omwe ali mumapiritsi a peat amakhala ndi kuthirira madzi otentha. Musamamwe madzi nthawi zambiri.. Dziwani kuti nthawi yothirira ikhoza kukhala ngati mapiritsi. Akangomaliza kuchepa pang'ono, amayenera kukonzedwa.. Madzi samatsanulira pamwamba pa mapiritsi, koma mu poto.
Osati kutsanulira madzi ochulukira pakamwa. Kuchulukitsira sikungapangidwe mu peat, ndipo madzi amatha kupweteka ndi kusokoneza mizu kupuma. Mizu ya pepper ingayambitse matenda a fungal chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.Msolo wakuda". Madzi onse osaphatikizidwa amachotsedwa poto.
Zakudya za pepper mu mapiritsi a peat sizikusowa, zomwe zili m'thupi mwawo ndizokwanira nthawi yonse ya chitukuko.
Malo abwino kwambiri oikapo tsabola ndi mawindo akummawa kapena kumadzulo. Kumpoto iye adzatero kuwala kochepandi kumwera - kutentha kwakukuluzomwe tsabola sakonda. M'nyengo yamvula ndi yamvula, mbande zimafunika kuyatsa ndi nyali yapadera kapena fulorosenti.
Kutsitsa pepper
Mwamsanga zikangokhala mawonekedwe Masamba enieni 3-4awo anabzala miphika chifukwa cholera. Monga chisonyezo cha kufalitsa mwamsanga, mizu kuchokera pansi pa mapiritsi imathandizanso.
Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito kubzala makatoni phukusi kuchokera ku mkaka kapena mankhwala. Mukamabzala tsabola mu nthaka pansi Angadulidwe mosavuta popanda kuwononga mizundi chomera tsabola ndi mtanda wa dziko lapansi kupita kumalo osatha.
Phukusi liyenera kukhala lalikulu mokwanirakotero kuti mizu ili ndi malo okwanira kuti akule. Ngati mutayika mphukira mu chidebe chaching'ono, mizu, yomwe imafika pamphepete, idzapita mosiyana ndi kukula kwa chitsamba chidzakuchepetsanso chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kwawo.
Mukamagwera chitsanzo chotere pamalo osatha, chitukuko cha zomera chidzayamba pokhapokha mizu yowonongeka ifa ndipo zatsopano zidzakula pamalo awo. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri mapangidwe a tsabola pa chipatso.
ZOCHITA. Musagwiritsire ntchito mabotolo omveka bwino apulasitiki ngati miphika. Mizu ya chomeracho iyenera kukhala muzitsulo zopanda mafuta, mwinamwake chitukuko chawo chizichedwa.
Miphika kapena mabokosi ayenera kukhala ndi mabowo kuchotsa madzi owonjezera pakamwa. Zitsulozo zili ndi dothi lochepa, kenako mphukira imayikidwa mkati, pamodzi ndi pepala yomwe ilipo. Piritsi imakonzedwa mwanjira imeneyi kotero kuti pamwamba pake kutalika ndi pang'ono pansi pamphepete mwa mphika. Mizu yotuluka pansi pa piritsiyi imagawidwa mofanana pa nthaka.
Malo otsalawa ali ndi nthaka., kuigwedeza ndi kuunika pamphepete mwa thanki. Anamera mphukira madzi. Madzi otsala Zomera zimamera ziyenera kupangidwa m'masiku 5-7pamene mizu ya tsabola ikugwirizana ndi nthaka yatsopano.
Dothi lodzala chophika lapadera kwa tsabola ndi tomato. Mwadzidzidzi, gawo la kubzala limakonzedwa kuchokera ku humus, peat, turf ndi mchenga wofanana.. Mafuta asanu a osakaniza onjezerani supuni ya feteleza feteleza ndi theka la chikho cha phulusa.
Pakukula miphika kutembenuza mbali zosiyana kutsogolo kwawindo. Ngati izi sizichitika, chitukuko cha mphukira chidzakhala chosagwirizana.
Ngati mukukonzekera kukula tsabola mu wowonjezera kutentha, mukhoza kulima mbande mu mapiritsi a peat nthawi yomweyo ku malo osatha, popanda kukulitsa miphika.
Kukula tsabola mu mapiritsi a peat kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Zimapanga zomera zamphamvu, zathanzi zomwe zingabzalidwe pansi popanda kuwononga mizu.
Zida zothandiza
Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:
- Kulima bwino mbewu ndi kuti zizitsitsimule musanafese?
- Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
- Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
- Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe masambawo amapotoka pa mphukira, mbande zimagwera kapena zimachotsedwa, komanso chifukwa chake mphukira imamwalira?
- Zolinga za kubzala m'madera a Russia makamaka makamaka kulima mumzindawu, ku Siberia ndi ku Moscow.
- Phunzirani yisiti yopangira feteleza maphikidwe.
- Phunzirani malamulo oti mubzale Chibulgaria ndi tsabola wotentha, komanso mutenge zokoma?
Pomalizira, tikukupatsani vidiyo momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mapiritsi a peat:
