Viola (pansies) - imodzi mwa zomera zambiri maluwa a maluwa ndi rabatkah, okondedwa ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Icho ndi cha banja la violet. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa zokongoletsera loggias, zipinda zamatabwa, arbors.
Mukudziwa? Agiriki ndi Aroma akale adakongoletsa chipindacho ndi viola pa maholide komanso pa maphwando.
Komabe, kuti muzisangalala ndi maluwa obiriwira, m'pofunikira kupereka chomera mosamalitsa, komanso kumatha kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta viola.
Zolakwa zazikulu mukusamalira maluwa
Kuthirira kolakwika
Chowopsa kwambiri pa chomeracho chidzakhala kuyanika kwa nthawi yayitali. Choncho, viola ayenera kuthiriridwa, popanda kuyembekezera mpaka nthaka yowuma ndi kuumitsa. Koma kuchokera kuthirira kwambiri maluwawo akhoza kufota, pamene mizu ikuyamba kuvunda. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthaka yochepa, nthaka yabwino idzakhala yabwino kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, chomerachi chidzasintha nthawi yaitali, popanda kubweretsa mavuto ambiri.
Kusagwirizana ndi malamulo ounikira
Osati njira yabwino kwambiri ya viola idzakhala yotseguka dzuwa madera, monga kuyambira masana kutsogolo maluwa maluwa angathere. Ndipo mosiyana - mu malo amdima kwambiri, viola akuphwanya. Zosankha zabwino kwambiri za zomera izi zidzakhala mthunzi wa mthunzi, wopangidwa ndi zitsamba, mitengo, mipanda yamatabwa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, m'mawa ndi madzulo dzuwa limaloledwa ndi ziwawa.
Zolakwika za feteleza
Pansi amafunika kudya nthawi zonse ndi potashi ndi feteleza zamchere, kawiri pa nyengo. Komanso, akatswiri amalangiza woyamba kudya m'chaka pamaso kuoneka kwa masamba, wachiwiri - kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Superphosphate, ammonium nitrate imathandizira pa mlingo wa 20 g pa 1 sq. M ya nthaka. Popanda kuvala pamwamba ndi mineral feteleza kapena kuchepa kokwanira, maluwa amakhala ochepa, kapena viola samasamba.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, makamaka manyowa.
Kudwala Kwambiri Kwambiri
Mmene mungachiritse viola kuchokera ascohyte
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha ascochitis (matenda a fungal) a viola ndi maonekedwe a bulauni pamasamba, omwe ali ndi malire aakulu. Mawanga awa amatsitsimula ndi nthawi, ndipo thupi la zipatso limayambira pa iwo. Mafinya amauma mofulumira, ndipo spores zopweteka zamoyo zimakhalabe m'mabwinja.
Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, viola iyenera kupopedwa ndi kukonzekera mkuwa kusanayambe maluwa, ndipo m'dzinja ndi kofunika kuchotsa mosamala zonse zamasamba kuchokera ku maluwa.
Dulani pa viola
Chikho cha White powdery pamasamba a viola chimafotokoza kukula kwa powdery mildew. Patapita nthawi, imakhala yamdima ndipo imasanduka black sclerotia. Kutenga kumapitirirabe mu masamba osweka ndi maluwa.
Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza matendawa, isanayambe maluwa, maluwa amathiridwa ndi munda sulfure, colloidal sulfure, komanso mapulani apadera - Ordan, Skor, Horus ndi ena malinga ndi malangizo. Monga momwe ziliri ndi ascohitoz, zokolola zamasamba zimayenera.
Zifukwa za imvi nkhungu ndi kuthetsa kwawo
Madzi amatha kutentha kwambiri, ndipo imvula mvula yachiwiri ya chilimwe, amalima akudabwa kuti achite chiyani ndi vutoli. Kuphulika kwa imvi kumakhala pa chomera, ndipo icho chokha chimakhala chofewa ndi madzi kukhudza.
Akatswiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a "Trichoderdim", "Gliocadin" musanayambe maluwa.
Ngati zizindikiro za nkhungu zimadziwika, zomera zodwala zimatayidwa limodzi ndi zotsalira zapadziko lapansi, ndipo nthaka yomwe ili pansipa imatsanulira mochuluka ndi kukonzekera "Alirin-B" ndi "Maxim". Mu kugwa, nkofunika kuchotsa zitsamba za viola kuti matendawa asapitirire.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji mabala a bulauni pamasamba?
Ngati mawanga ofiira a bulauni aang'ono (5-10 mm) amapezeka pa viola, yomwe pang'onopang'ono imakhala yowuma ndi yowopsya, mumatha kupezeka ndi septoriosis.
Pofuna kupewa matendawa, maluwawo amathiridwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena m'malo mwake - mkuwa oxychloride. Monga momwe zilili kale, zotsalira zazomera ziyenera kuchotsedwa pa webusaitiyi.
Phyllosthiasis Pansies
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndi mawonekedwe a mabala aakulu omwe ali ndi pakati. Patapita nthawi, sclerotia imatha kuwona mbali zonse za tsamba. Okhudza zomera zouma mofulumira. Monga momwe ziliri ndi matenda onse a bowa, zimadalira m'dzinja kudula dera.
Ndikofunikira! Njira yabwino yothetsera matenda onse a pansies ndiyo kuwonongeka kwa zomera zowononga ndi kuyeretsa bwino malo omwe anabzala.
Mmene mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ta maluwa
Pearlescent
M'chilimwe, nyongolotsi za mayi-a-ngale, nymphalidae, zimayambitsa viola. N'zotheka kuzindikira tizilombo toyera ndi gulu loyera lakuda (mayi-wa ngale) kapena chovala chachikasu pamsana ndi nsana zofiirira kumbali zonse (mayi wamkulu wa nkhalango). Tizilombo timadya masamba ndi maluwa.
Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za kukhalapo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pansies tiyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyenera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Iskra-Bio, Tsitkor, Kinmiks ndi ena.
Gallic nematode
Izi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa mizu ya viola, chifukwa cha mitsempha yomwe imapangidwira mizu - kutentha kwa 5-7 mm Ndi mwa iwo amene mbozi imakula, yomwe imabwera pamwamba pa nthaka ndi kudya maluwa.
Monga njira yowonetsera, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tiyambe kuyendetsa dziko lapansi ndi madzi otenthetsa 50-55 ° C. Mlungu umodzi usanafese, n'zotheka kuwonjezera nitric acid sodium pamtunda wa 150-120 g pa 1 mita imodzi.
Kangaude mite
Mu nthawi zowuma, kangaude wa kangaude ukhoza kukhala chifukwa cha imfa ya pansies. Amathetsa chomera chofooka, ndipo posachedwa m'mphepete mwa masambawo amasanduka chikasu ndi kupiringa mu chubu.
Kuwathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli kumathandizira mankhwala osakaniza motsutsana ndi nkhupakupa, kuphatikizapo munda wa sulfure, "Siren", "Fufanonnom", "Aktelik", "Talstar".
Kawirikawiri, zikuluzikulu zoyenera za akatswiri a zamaluwa zimachepetsedwa kuti zikhale zofunikira zotsutsana ndi viola tizilombo ndi matenda, ndipo ngati sizikanatheka kupeĊµa vuto, taya zitsanzo zomwe sizinachititse manyazi.
