Azalea (lat. Azalea) - chomera chokongola kwambiri cha mtundu wa Rhododendron wa banja la Heather. Okonda Flower amavomereza kusiyana kwake kwakukulu, maluwa okongola ndi masamba obiriwira. Komabe, azalea akhoza kukwiyitsa eni ake, pokhala ndi nthendayi yochuluka ndi kuthawa kwa tizilombo. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a azalea komanso mankhwala.
Mukudziwa?Mitundu yokongola ndi mitundu ya azaleas imachokera ku China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe ndi North America. Kumayiko akummawa, azalea ndi chizindikiro cha chimwemwe, mtendere ndi ufulu. Azalea anabwera kuchikhalidwe zaka zoposa 300 zapitazo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, Captain Welbenck anabweretsa ku India chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri, chomwe chinakhala kholo la mitundu yambiri ya zinyama ndi mitundu yobiridwa ndi botanist chifukwa cha ntchito yaitali yobereketsa.
Zizindikiro za vuto lochedwa ndi mankhwala ake
Mukawona kuti masamba a azalea ayamba kusintha mtundu, kupiringa, owuma ndi kugwa, komanso impso zake zimafa, izi ndizisonyezero zotsalira. Chifukwa chake chikhoza kuwonjezeka chinyezi ndi kutentha kwakukulu m'deralo. 
Kuchiza chomeracho, kuchiza Bordeaux madzi kapena "Fitoverm", mukufunikanso kuwonjezera kukula kwa nthaka.
Zimene mungachite ngati azaleas amakhala woyera pachimake, momwe angachiritse tsamba chlorosis
Nthawi zina mumatha kuona maluwa omwe amapezeka kumbuyo kwa masamba a azalea, kenako amatha kufota ndi kugwa. Choyambitsa ndi fomoz, chomwe chimachitika pamene kusamba kosayenera kwa mbeu ndi kuphwanya kutentha mu chipinda. Chochita
Mapulaniwa akuponya azaleas ndi solution 0,1% ya Topsin-M ndi 0.2% yankho la Readzol. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kukulimbikitsidwa kupangidwa katatu pa masiku khumi.
Vuto lina ndi azaleas ndi chikasu cha masamba. Chifukwa chake ndi chlorosis. Pali matenda omwe alibe kusowa kwa zakudya m'nthaka. Zizindikiro zomwezo zimasonyeza kuti mchere wamchere wa calcium wochulukirapo mumphika.
Chithandizo cha matendawa chimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa zakudya zovuta zowonjezera. Manyowa ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa azaleas ndi gardenias. Mukhoza kupanga madiresi a azalea.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuika azalea m'malo omwe dzuwa likuwonekera.
Kodi kuchita phylocystitis azaleas
Olima amalima nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa chifukwa chiyani azaleas amatembenukira masamba akuda. Kubzala masamba a phulusa ndi malire a bulauni kapena mawanga ofiira pa zomera, zomwe sporangia mipira imagwa, zimatanthauza kuti azalea ali ndi matenda a phyllostosis.
Kuthandiza maluwa, gwiritsani ntchito 0,2% yankho la "Readzol" ndi 0.15% yothetsera mankhwala "Topsin-M" mosiyana, ndikuwononga masamba owonongeka;
Mukudziwa? Kudziwa bwino ndi azalea nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa. Kununkhira kwake kungayambitse mutu, ndipo masamba a azalea ndi mphukira zomwe zimagwidwa mu madzi akumwa zimayambitsa poizoni. Chomerachi chimakhala ndi chinthu china chachilendo: ngati mutadula sprig ya azaleas ndi kubweretsa mphasa kumalo, nthambiyo idzaphulika, ngati kuti yayendetsedwa mu mafuta.
Mmene angachiritse azalea ku Fusarium
Pamene masamba a azalea akutembenukira chikasu, tsinde ndi mizu zimafota, ndipo pinki pachimake chimawoneka pa khola la mizu, izi ndizo zizindikiro zoyambirira za Fusarium.
Pochiza duwa ku matendawa, liyenera kukhala lokhalanso ndi zomera zina ndikuchiritsidwa ndi 0.2% yankho la "Fundazol".
Njira zolimbana ndi Alternaria
Maonekedwe a masamba ndi mapesi a chomera chofiira cha maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake amasonyeza kuti azalea watenga kachilombo ka alternaria. Njira yothandizira ndi mankhwala a Bordeaux madzimadzi.
Pa masamba azalea, mdima wonyezimira, mankhwala a goleosporia
Ngati mdima wofiirira ndi / kapena imvi imapezeka pamasamba a azaleas, komanso mdima wakuda, samasulidwa -gleosporia. Choyambitsa matendawa ndi kupambana kwa thrips zakuda, rhododendron tick, Fusarium matenda.
Pankhani ya thrips yakuda, chomeracho chimatulutsidwa ndi emulsion "Karbofos", ngati nkhuku ya rhododendron imaonekera pa azaleas - yankho la "Fundazole" lidzakuthandizira. Ndi fusarium, mankhwala "Diazinon" adzakuthandizani.
Ndikofunikira! Azalea amakhudzidwa moyipa ndi mpweya wouma, chotero kusunga zomera pafupi ndi zipangizo zotentha kumaletsedwa.
Zifukwa za matenda a azalea septoria ndi kuwonongedwa kwawo
Mawanga a tsabola otsekemera ndi madontho wakuda pa masamba a zomera ndi chifukwa chake azalea amalira pambuyo maluwa. Chomeracho chiri ndi septoria, chomwe chingayambidwe ndi feteleza mochedwa ndi nitrogen feteleza, kuthirira madzi okwanira, komanso kusadula nthawi.
Kuchiza mankhwala opangidwa ndi fungicidal.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi a m'mphepete si oyenera kuthirira azaleas. Ayenera kupatsidwa nthawi yokhalamo, kuti laimu ikhale pansi.
Azalea necrosis
Ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa mpweya pafupi ndi azaleas, tsamba loyamba la tsamba limamwalira, ndipo kuchokera pamwamba ilo limapeza tinthu tomwe timayika, zomwe zimasonyeza kuoneka kwa necrosis.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya azaleas, yomwe imatha maluwa ouma ndi masamba. Zimapezeka makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi tikukamba za nthawi yopumula pa zomera. Maluwa amasamukira pamalo ozizira, amdima, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, samathandiza kuti apange zovala zapamwamba. Nthawi yotsala imatha ndi maonekedwe atsopano. Ngati azalea sanafalikire, koma masamba amatsitsa, ndiye kuti chisamaliro cha mbeu chiyenera kuwerengedwanso. Choncho, timalimbikitsa kusankha chisanu zosagwira maluwa mitundu.
Azalea: kupewa matenda
Chomeracho, ngati munthu, chimafuna kuwonjezeka nthawi zonse. Choncho, ndibwino kuti azalea azichita zovuta poyambitsa mankhwala a azalea pochiza ndi mkuwa oxychloride (mlingo woyenera kwambiri) - umapha nkhungu zokwana 90% pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la "Somazole" (nthawi yomwe imateteza chitetezo kuchokera ku bowa latsopano mpaka masiku 25) ndikugwiritsira ntchito feteleza chomera chimagwira ntchito.
Zotsatirazi ndizofupikitsa mwachidule za chisamaliro chachikulu cha azalea:
- Kuwala Ndikofunika kupereka chomeracho ndi malo owala kapena ochepa, otetezedwa ku dzuwa.
- Kuthira bwino ndi ionization ya mpweya. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kapena kusungunula pakamwa madzi, kuteteza kusamba kwa madzi mu mphika wa mphika kuti muteteze kuwonongera.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumakhala nthawi zonse m'mawa.
- Kutentha Azalea amamva bwino pa kutentha kwa 12-15 ° C.
- Nthaka Chimodzi mwa zofunika zofunika kuti asamalire ndikubzala m'munda wa heather (kapena chisakanizo cha coniferous ndi peaty land ndi kuwonjezera mchenga wa mtsinje).
- Feteleza. Ndikofunika kudyetsa azaleas m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi ammonium sulphate, m'nyengo yozizira - ndi superphosphate.
- Nthawi yamaluwa. Musaiwale kuti kutsina ndi kudula mbewu zimayambira mu nthawi yake. Yambani kuchita izo mu Meyi.
