Timakula mozembera pawindo

Crossander ndi maluwa okongoletsa omwe ali ndi mitundu yowala komanso yowala, mdima wobiriwira komanso wokongola. Zimakulira m'nyumba, koma zimachokera ku mlendo wokongola kuchokera kutali.

Kufotokozera

Dziko lakwawo la alendo akumwera ndi India. Amapezeka m'mabampu ku South Africa. Chomera ndi chobiriwira, chotsika, shrub. Imakhala ndi masamba ovunduka amtundu wambiri, imamasula ndi maluwa achikasu, ofiira, a pinki ndi a orange.

Shrub masamba pamphepete ali ndi mawonekedwe pang'ono. M'nthaŵi yapitayo maluwa, crossander amatulutsa wamtali wotchedwa inflorescence - khutu. Pa spikelet maluwa pachimake, chitsogozo cha kukula kwa maluwa - pansi, monga wa mabelu. Chomera ndi membala wa banja la Acante.

Kwa zaka makumi angapo, monga mtundu wa makolo wolowerera wapititsa patsogolo ndi obereketsa. Mitundu yambiri ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa wapangidwa ndi mitundu yambiri yokongola ya maluwa.

Anthu otchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani a crossbands ndi awa:

• wosakanizidwa "Mona Walhead" - mitundu yosiyanasiyana imamangidwa ndi Swedish breeder, chitsamba cha 50 cm wamtali, ndi masamba okongola ndi okongola, amamasula maluwa ofiira;
• mndandanda wa crossander wa ku America "Tropic" - Tchire chokwera (20-25 cm wamtali) ndi 20 masentimita awiri a chomera. Maluwa a salimoni la orange inflorescences. Sagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kubzala, koma monga letniki pakulima mabedi;
• kutalika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Orange Marmalade" - kutalika mpaka masentimita 60, ndi zokongola zamaluwa a orange.

Mukudziwa? Palibe mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kulima kwanu komwe kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mitundu monga mtanda wa jordas, wochepetsetsa pang'ono komanso wokongola kwambiri wa Nile.

Zosangalatsa

Alimi obzala mbewu amasankha mitundu yolima kulima ndi hybrids ndi nthawi yaitali yamaluwa.

Koma monga wokhala kumadera otentha, dziko loyendayenda liyenera kusamalidwa motsatizana ndi kutentha kwapadera ndi chinyezi. Kukula pakhomo kumatanthauza kuteteza zomera kuchokera kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, zojambula ndi mphika.

Zikatero, chitsamba chingayankhe mwa kusiya masamba. Kukula motsatira zofunikira zonse za zomera kumakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Masamba a chomera amamera kachiwiri mofanana ndi achibale ake achilengedwe.

Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kutentha

Zitsamba nthawi zambiri zimakula muzipinda zamkati chaka chonse, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kuyambira 22 mpaka 27 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, dziko lakumadzulo losautsa limakhala ndi kusowa kwakukulu kwa kufalitsa.

Choncho, alimi amaluwa amayesa nthawi yozizira kuti pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa mpweya kutentha mu chipinda cha 18 ° C. Pakati pa kutentha, zomera zimalowa mu malo opumula, kuthirira panthawiyi pang'onopang'ono zimachepetsedwa. Chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri chokula mchere wotenthawu ndi chinyezi chapamwamba mu chipinda. Crossander ndi maluwa akunja omwe ali ndi makolo otentha, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.

Pa nthawi yotentha, mpweya uli m'chipinda nthawi zonse umakhala wouma, ndipo duwa limadalira mapiri a yellowed, omwe amauma pamunsi mwa tsamba (petiole), ndipo chifukwa chake chomeracho chimadumpha masamba.

Kuonjezera chinyezi cha maluwa ambiri njira:

• pafupi ndi maluwa okonzedwa ndi madzi;
• duwa limatulutsidwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera pa utsi;
• chomeracho chimasamutsidwa pafupi ndi aquarium;
• ikani maluwa onse amkati mu gulu limodzi lamodzi;
• pansi pa mphika wokhala ndi poto yopaka poto, wodzaza ndi miyala yochepa kwambiri ndi madzi.

Ndikofunikira! Mukamapopera shrub, muyenera kupeŵa kukhudzana ndi chinyezi pa maluwa, pamene amatha kugwa mosavuta.

Nthawi yotentha yotentha, mtanda ukhoza kuikidwa pamsewu kapena pakhomo lakunja (veranda). Chinthu chachikulu - musalole kuti duwa ligwe dzuwa. Poyambira m'dzinja, chomerachi chimasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda.

Kuunikira

Crossander amakonda dzuwa ndi kutentha, koma samalekerera kuyanjana ndi masamba patsiku lachindunji, posankha kuwala kofewa komanso kosavuta. Choncho, ndi bwino kuti zomera zikhale ndi mawindo a maulendo onse, kupatula zenera la kummwera.

Zoona, pawindo la kumpoto m'nyengo yozizira dziko lamtunda silikhoza kusamba kwa nthawi yaitali. Pankhaniyi, akufunika kukhazikitsa zowonjezera zowonjezera fitolampa. Ngati palibe malo omwe mungapange maluwa, ndiye omasuka kuyika pawindo lakumwera, koma ndi mthunzi wovomerezeka kuchokera ku dzuwa ndi pepala loyera.

Mphamvu ndi gawo

Osatha kusalowerera ndale kapena nthaka yochepa. Pofuna kukonzekera mwakhazikika kuti mukhalemo kosatha, muyenera kusakaniza nthaka kusakaniza musanadzalemo:

• Gawo limodzi la nthaka;
• Gawo limodzi la mchenga wotchedwa coarse kapena quartz;
• Mbali ziwiri za nthaka yosalala (kuchokera pansi pa birch kapena mapulo).

Mukudziwa? Ngati mukufuna kugula nthaka yokonzekera duwa, tcherani khutu ku nthaka ya azaleas. Azaleas ndi crossbands ali zofanana zofanana nthaka kupanga. Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kotere kumatha kugulitsidwa kumunda uliwonse kapena malo ogulitsa mbewu.

Thirani mutatha kugula

1. Musanayambe kuika nthaka mu mphika wa maluwa, iyenera kuikidwa pansi pa mphika. Mitsuko ikhoza kukhala ndi dothi losweka kapena dongo lokulitsa ndipo zimakulepheretsani kuvunda kwa mizu ndi kuthirira madzi ochuluka. Chifukwa cha ngalande, chinyezi sichitha, koma chimathamangira mu sitayi pansi pa mphika.
2. Crossander amafunika kuika chaka chilichonse. Mukabwezeretsa duwa pakhomo, muyenera kusintha nthaka kuti ikhale yatsopano, popeza duwa lochokera m'chaka cha chaka chatha linatulutsa mchere wothandiza. Kusamalira bwino kumapereka chikhomodzinso chaka ndi chaka.
3. Panthawi yopatsa, chomeracho chimayang'aniridwa, chokonzedwa kapena chopangidwa ngati chili chofunikira. Ngati wolima amafunikira chomera china, osatha akhoza kugawanika. Kuti tichite izi, mizu imagawidwa bwino ndi theka ndi pruner.
4. Zimakhala zovuta kubzala chitsamba chosungirako dziko lapansi, choncho, kuyambira chaka chachisanu cha kulima, chomeracho chimafalikira zaka 3-4. Pakuika chitsamba chachikulu, njira yosamutsira mosamalitsa poto yaikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma void mumtsuko watsopanowu ali ndi nthaka yatsopano. Poto kwa anthu akuluakulu oyendayenda amasankha kukula kwa pafupifupi 20-30 malita.
5. M'chaka chomwe palibe kukopera kwachitidwa, dothi losanjikizidwa la nthaka limachotsedwa (kuya 5 masentimita) ndipo nthaka yatsanulidwa. Njirayi ikufunika chitsamba chaka chilichonse.

Kusamalira bwino

Kuti maluwa a shrub asawonongeke, ndizofunika kuchotsa maluwa ouma nthawi zonse. Ndondomekoyi imatha nthawi ya maluwa. Pamene maluwa sakhalabe mu inflorescence, inflorescence imadulidwa mosamala ndi munda wa mitseke pamunsi mwa masamba awiri apamwamba.

Kumasula nthaka pansi pa chitsamba, kuthirira, chitetezo ku tizirombo, kutentha komwe kumakhala ndi fetereza - chinsinsi cha maluwa obiriwira komanso aatali.

Kuthirira

Kusakaniza chitsamba, sikutheka kudzaza kwambiri nthaka mumphika. Kuchokera apa, nthaka mu thanki ikhoza kuimiritsa, ndipo mizu ya chitsamba idzavunda. Koma dziko lopanda malire silingalekerere chilala chokhalitsa komanso kuyanika kwa nthaka mu mphika. Kuthirira kumakhala kosalekeza, ndipo dothi ladothi limalima pang'ono.

Maluwawo amakonda madzi ofewa osungunuka kapena madzi amvula. Koma madzi ochokera pamphepete mumzindawu ndi abwino. Madzi a papepala amasonkhanitsidwa pasanafike ndipo musanagwiritse ntchito kuthirira mbewu kuteteza kwa osachepera sabata. Mukamwetsa madzi ayenera kutentha.

Kuthirira m'nyumba zitsamba, m'pofunika kupewa wetting wa maluwa. Maola angapo mutatha kuthirira, madzi ochulukirapo mumphika amachotsedwa pa pallets.

Popeza dziko lamtunda likuchokera ku madera otentha, ulimi wake wothirira umaganizira zochitika za nyengo zakuthambo. M'chilengedwe chake, chitsamba chimakhala kwa miyezi iwiri (September ndi October). Pamene mukukula maluwa m'chipinda chikhalidwe:

• Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kuyambira November mpaka August, zomerazo zimakhala nthawi yogwira ntchito. Panthawiyi, imapangitsa tsamba kuti likhale ndi maluwa. Amasowa chinyezi chokwanira, kuthirira 3-4 nthawi pa sabata. Kuwonjezera pa kuthirira kwazomwe, kumakhala kosafunikira nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu pa pepala. Masamba akhoza kupukutidwa ndi siponji yonyowa pokonza, sikuti imangotulutsa maluwa, komanso imachotsa fumbi.
• Kuyambira mwezi wa September kufikira mwezi wa Oktoba, chomeracho chimakhala panthawi yochepa. Sakani kawirikawiri kuyamba kumwa madzi, kuchepetsa ndi tsamba losakaniza. Kusintha kuchokera ku ulimi wothirira kunayamba bwino. Choyamba, madzi okwanira osachepera amachepetsedwa kukhala awiri pa sabata, ndipo patapita kanthawi, ndipo kamodzi pa masiku khumi.

Imeneyi ndi nthawi yambiri ya kuthirira pa nthawi ina yonse, yotsimikizirika kwambiri yotsimikiziridwa motere: Ngati dothi mu mphika pamwamba ndi lakuuma, ndiye kuti chomera chimafuna chinyezi.

Ndikofunikira! Dziko lopanda malire, lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi chilala, likhoza kupulumutsidwa, ndipo kuwonjezereka kwakukulu sikudzawonongeka. Zoopsa ndizowonjezera chinyezi kwa osatha chipinda m'nyengo yozizira.

Feteleza

Chikondi chapadera cha maluwa crossander chinatenga nthawi yaitali maluwa. Koma maluwa amawononga zomera, kotero kuti osatha amafunika nthaka ndi tsamba pamwamba.

Kwa feteleza yosatha, zosakaniza zokonzedwa bwino zogulitsira maluwa ndizoyenera. Zovala zoterezi zimasungunuka m'madzi kuti ulimi wothirira ndi mlungu uliwonse uwonjezere kuzitsamba. Mwamsanga pamene shrub imalowa nthawi yopumula - mchere wambiri umatha.

Ndondomeko ya Ntchito:

• nyengo ndi chilimwe - kamodzi pa masiku 14;
• m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira - kamodzi pa mwezi.

Kudulira

Crossandra amafunika kudulira nthawi ndi nthawi. Njirayi imathandiza kupanga kapu yokongola, yofiira.

Pofuna kuyang'ana mchenga, nthambi zonse zazing'ono zimathyola. Kutseketsa kumachepetsa nthambi ndi gawo limodzi mwa atatu, ndipo kenako mphukira imayimilira, ndipo chitsamba chimalowa m'nthambi.

Mukakulira m'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimasiya nthawi yotsala mu March. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kudulira mwamphamvu mu February. Ndi kudula mitengoyi, kutalika kwa zimayambira kumafupikitsidwa ndi theka.

Mukudziwa? Nthambi zonse zotsalira pambuyo podulira kapena kudula zikhoza kuikidwa m'madzi kuti zitheke. Pambuyo pake, mphukira imatulutsa mizu yoyera, phesi limabzala mu mphika.

Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo

Crossander, mofanana ndi zomera zina zamkati, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku zigawenga, nsabwe za m'masamba, ndi nyongolotsi. Pochiza chithandizo, thumba la pulasitiki limaponyedwa pa chomera chokhudzidwa, ndipo pansi pake sichimafalikira kale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Pambuyo pokonza, duwa yatsala mukulunga pulasitiki kwa mphindi 40. Pambuyo pake, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo chipinda chili ndi mpweya wokwanira. Ngati simukuchita nthawi yowonongeka ndi tizirombo, chomeracho chikhoza kufa. Kusamala kosatha sikufunika zambiri, koma nthawi zonse. Chinsinsi chonse cha maluwa obiriwira komanso okongola a zomerawo ndi malo osankhidwa bwino kumene maluwa amaikidwa, zakudya zokwanira za mchere, kusowa kolembera komanso kupezeka kwa mpweya wozizira.

Ngati zinthu zonse zothandiza kuti maluwawo azitonthozedwa, zimakhala zomasuka kumusamalira. Amazing zokongoletsa osatha azikongoletsa nyumba yanu ndi moyo wanu.