Thuja akupita ku East Asia. M'kupita kwathu, thuja yapeza kutchuka chifukwa cha kulemera kwake ndi korona wandiweyani. Thuja ndi yosavuta kudula, kotero n'zotheka kuzipanga mawonekedwe. Chifukwa cha mbali iyi, thuja imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makalata ambiri.
Thuja imakhala ngati chuma chazeng'oma, imabzalidwa ndi mizere yonse. Mitengo yambiri ndi mitengo yaing'ono imafunika, choncho vuto la kubereka mofulumira kwa mbeu ndilofunika.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yomwe ili yoyenera kwa thuja ndi kubalana ndi zipatso m'masika. Ngakhale zili choncho Ndi njira iyi yoberekera mitengo ndi yochepa kwambiri kuposa mbande, ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kuberekera ndi cuttings kukuthandizani kuti musunge mbali za kholo chomera;
- Mbeu za conifers zimafuna kukonza thupi, zomwe zimatenga nthawi yochuluka. Njira yobzala mbande kuchokera ku mbewu yokonzeka kubzala imakhala pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi;
- Kubereka kwa thuja cuttings m'chaka kumakupatsani inu mbande yokonzekera kubzala m'malo osatha mu zaka 2-3.
The vegetative njira ya kuswana tui komanso ali ndi kuipa. Pakukula mbande, 70 mpaka 80% ya zomera kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha zipatso zakololedwa. Ngati simukutsatira malamulo a kubereka kwa conifers, chiwerengero ichi chidzakhala chochepa.Kodi kukonzekera kasupe cuttings
Pofuna kulima thuja kuchokera ku cuttings m'chaka kuti abereke, nkofunika kukonzekera bwino cuttings.
Pakuti kukolola kasupe cuttings ayenera kutenga nsonga za axial mphukira za thuja. Nthambi izi zimakhalabe ndi chikhalidwe cha nthambi, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitunduyi. Ngati mutenga phesi kunthambi, mumapeza mtundu wokwawa wa zomera.
Nthawi yabwino yopatulira cuttings kuchokera kwa mayi chomera ndi mwezi wa April. Panthawi ino, gawo loyamba la kukula kwa zomera zimapezeka. Chomera chimene chimatha kutengedwa ayenera kukhala ndi zaka 2-3.
Kuti thumba likhale ndi mwayi wabwino wothetsera, pamene chomera ichi sichitha kukula kuchokera ku chomera chokha ndi 100% mwinamwake ndi njira yofalitsira, nkofunikira kuti mulekanitse bwino kudula. Kuti muchite izi, m'pofunika kuti mutha kuzichotsa pamanja, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito secator. Kuthetsa kumaso kumafunikira kayendetsedwe kake. Gawo locheka liyenera kukhala la masentimita 20. Nthambi ikadzatulutsidwa pamapeto pake, chidutswa cha nkhuni chaka chatha chimakhala ndi zakudya.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa rooting thuja, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zokolola m'chilimwe, mwachitsanzo, mu June. Koma zizindikiro zoterozo zidzakula kwa nyengoyi mpaka zitakonzeka kuti zitheke, popeza, makamaka, "adzagona" nthawi yokolola. Mu June, Tui akukumana ndi nthawi yachiwiri ya kukula.
Choyambirira kukonzekera kukolola thuja cuttings - kuyeretsa pansi pa kudula kwa nthambi zing'onozing'ono ndi singano. Izi zimachitidwa kuti asayambe kugwirizana ndi mchenga kapena nthaka yonyowa, chifukwa pa nthawiyi ayamba kuvunda.
Mbali rooting cuttings m'chaka
Pambuyo kukolola, m'pofunika kuti muzuke thuja cuttings m'chaka. Zisanachitike, muyenera kuchepetsa mphukira zazing'ono. Pofika pamapeto pake, amadzizidwa mu njira yofooka ya manganese kwa mphindi zowerengeka, pambuyo pake tsiku lina iwo aikidwa mu mankhwala "Kornevin" kapena kukula kwa stimulator.
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito mizu, yomwe ili yoyenera kasupe
Chinthu chotsatira pa momwe mungayambire thumba kunthambi ndikuyika kudula Lachitatu, komwe kungayambe mizu. Pali njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito thuja:
- mu gawo;
- m'madzi;
- mu chikhomo ndi moss.
Pakuti cuttings okonzeka mu kasupe, rooting mu gawo lapansi amatengedwa njira yabwino. Mafinyu amafunikira chinyezi chambiri komanso osachepera zakudya zochepa. M'madzi ndi mu kanyumba ndi moss mulibe zakudya zokwanira zowonjezera thuja.Momwe mungakonzekere gawo la cuttings
Mu funso la momwe mungabzalitsire nthambi ya thuja, osati gawo lomalizira lomwe likusewera ndi gawo limene mumadula. Monga gawo lapansi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga woyeretsa mtsinje kapena mchenga wosakaniza ndi dothi, lomwe liyenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Pofuna kuteteza matenda a mchenga wa mchenga, amaikidwa mu chidebe chosungiramo madzi kapena katani ndikuchiika m'chitengera chachikulu ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, mchenga ukutsanuliridwa ndi njira ya 3% ya potaziyamu permanganate. Pambuyo polemba njirazi, mchenga ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo lapansi kuti mubzalitse thuja cuttings.
Ena amagwiritsa ntchito mchenga kutaya thupi, atayika kale mu thanki chifukwa cha kutsika. Mchenga umatsanuliridwa ndi madzi otentha, ndipo kenako ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
Kodi kubzala kasupe phesi
Pambuyo pokonzekera gawo lofunidwa, ntchito ina iyenera kuchitidwa - momwe mungazulire thuja cuttings m'chaka. Njirayi ndi iyi:
- Konzani akasinja a mbewu ndi mabowo ambirimbiri;
- ikani makonzedwe a ngalande pansi pa thanki - wosweka wothira dongo kapena miyala;
- gawo lapansi limayikidwa pamadzi osanjikiza - mchenga wa mtsinje kapena osakaniza mchenga wa mtsinje ndi nthaka;
- Mitengo yokonzedwa bwino imalowa mkati mwa gawo lapansi mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 1-1.5 ndikuphatikiza nthaka yozungulira.
Mukudziwa? Pamene mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kuoneka pa kudula komwe kumadulidwa mu gawo lapansi, zikutanthauza kuti zakhazikika bwino.
Kusamalidwa bwino kwa cuttings - chinsinsi cha kupambana
Chinthu chotsatira muyenera kudziwa pamene kufufuzira funso la momwe mungakulitsire kudulidwa ndi malamulo oti mubwerere mutabzala. Popeza kubzala kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, kutentha kwa kunja kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kwa nthambi zazing'ono. Choncho, anabzala cuttings anayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, malo otsetsereka kapena wowonjezera kutentha kwa spunbond.
Kutentha kwa kukula kwa tui ku cuttings kuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri 17 ndi 23. Kutaya mbande ziyenera kupopedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ngati nyengo ili yotentha, ndiye gawolo liyenera kuthira kawiri pa tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi sayenera kufika pamasamba a thuja popopera mbewu mankhwalawa, chifukwa izi zingawachititse kuvunda.Miyezi iwiri itatha kutsika ndi kusamalidwa bwino, cuttings iyenera kumasula mizu yoyamba. Izi zikachitika, chiopsezo cha kuyanika kwa cuttings ndi kuchepa kwambiri.
Zimene mungachite pamene cuttings imayamba mizu
Pambuyo pa cuttings obzalidwa ku kasupe mizu, iyenera kuikidwa kuti ikhale bedi lapadera - shkolka. Mbewu za shlyokuy tui zimathera zaka 2-3, mpaka atakonzeka kuziyika pamalo osatha. Nkhwangwa zomwe zafesedwa kumapeto kwa kasupe zimayikidwa kusukulu chaka chomwecho, mu September.
Momwe mungasinthire thuya shanks mu shkolku:
sankhani malo kuti apange sukulu yaing'ono - mthunzi wa theka ndi wofunikira;- kukumba nthaka pa chiwembu, kuwonjezera peat kwa icho pamlingo wa chidebe chimodzi pa mita imodzi;
- Mitengo yodulidwa mizu imayenera kuthiriridwa kuti athe kuchotsedwa mosavuta ku gawo lapansi popanda kuwononga mizu yawo;
- chomera cuttings pamtunda wa masentimita 25 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake mu shkolku;
- sungani nthaka.
sankhani malo kuti apange sukulu yaing'ono - mthunzi wa theka ndi wofunikira;Mukudziwa? Ngati mukufunika kupeza mbeu zachonde kuti mubzalidwe m'deralo ndipo mulibe nthawi yakulima, mukhoza kugula mbande zokonzedwa bwino. Ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala kuti chomera chikhale cholimba komanso chokhala ndi thanzi, chozoloŵera cha nyengo. Mu zitsanzo zabwino, singano zimawonekera bwino, zakhala pansi mwamphamvu ndipo sizikutha. Tsinde liyenera kukhala opanda zizindikiro za matenda, popanda mawanga.Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe mungakulire thuja kuchokera ku sprig mu masika. Nkhaniyi ndi yovuta, kusamalira cuttings kumafuna chidwi tsiku ndi tsiku. Koma akazika mizu, zimakhala zosavuta, ndipo patatha zaka zochepa mukhoza kubzala chitetezo chobiriwira kapena ngati kamvekedwe ka munda. Chomera chokongoletserachi chimamaliza bwino chithunzi cha malo.
