Pafupifupi onse okhala nawo amadziwika bwino ndi masamba, koma ochepa chabe amadziwa kuti laurel sikuti ndi zokometsera zokhazokha, koma ndi mtengo wokongola kwambiri, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera. Ngati mumaphunzira mosamala mbali zonse za kukula ndi kukula kwake, mudzazindikira kuti mutha kulima bwino pakhomo.
Madeti a kufesa khalala
Mbalame yabwino imatha kubzala m'njira zingapo, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zikukula zomera kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kukulumikizanitsa. Njira yotsirizayi ndi yabwino, chifukwa imatenga nthawi yochepa, koma wamaluwa ambiri amapitirizabe kufalitsa mbewu.
Nthawi yabwino yofesa mbeu mu malo ammudzi ndikumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, koma ngati mutagula mbewu nthawi ina, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito ndi kuzibisa kwa miyezi ingapo pamalo osangalatsa musanatsanulire mchenga.
Zikatero, mbewu za tsamba la bay leaf zikhoza kusungidwa bwino kwa miyezi 2-3, ngakhale panopa zidzakhala zovuta kupereka 100% kumera.
Mukudziwa? Kumtchire, mtengo wa laurel ukhoza kufika mamita 18 mu msinkhu, ndipo kukula kwa thunthu nthawi zambiri kumakhala 40 cm (kumatenga 300-400 zaka).
Laurel wa mbewu: momwe mungasankhire zinthu zoyenera kubzala
Ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wokolola zipatso zokolola kapena zogula mbeu kuchokera kwa anthu otsimikiziridwa, koma nthawi zambiri amayenera kugula kuchokera kwa alendo.
Choncho, sikofunika kudziwa kokha kuti mbeu za mtundu wa laurel zimawoneka bwanji (zazikulu, ovalika, 2 cm kutalika, ndi chipolopolo chochepa komanso chamagazi), komanso kuti zikhale ndi moyo wa alumali (kuyambira nthawi ya phukusi), makamaka pogula zinthu zoyera, ngati mbewu zosasinthidwa zasungidwa 2-4 nthawi yaitali.
Mwa iwo okha, mbewu za laurel ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kumera, koma ngati mumagula makope osaposa chaka chimodzi, kumera kumatenga kawiri konse.
Ndikofunikira! Mbeu za mchere zimakhala ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri, omwe ndi chifukwa cha kuchepa kumera kwa mbewu. Oyamba kumene kumunda nthawi zambiri samangoganizira za izi ndipo amangosiya kusamalira mbewu, kenako akudandaula za kulephera kwawo.
Mkhalidwe wa chikhalidwe cha kubereka kwa laurel
Mbalame yabwino kwambiri ndi ya zomera zowonjezereka, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi bwino kukula m'madera omwe nyengoyi imakhala kuti zizindikiro za kutentha sizikugwa pansi -12 ... -9.5 ° С. Kuonjezerapo, nthawi zina zomera zoterezi zimatha kulekerera chisanu ndifupipafupi -15 ° C.
Komabe, kutsatizana ndi malo a nyengo sikokwanira kutsimikizira ubwino wa laurel muzungulira mitengo ina m'munda wanu. Kupambana kwa kulima kumakhudzanso ndi mbali zina za gawolo, zomwe, makamaka, zimaphatikizapo kupanga nthaka ndi kuwala.
Mu chilengedwe, mtengo wa laurel umapulumuka bwino dzuwa ndi mthunzi wa padera, komanso m'mapiri a mitengo yovuta. Komabe, kukwanira kwa masamba omwe ali ndi mafuta ofunikira kumatheka kokha ndi dzuwa labwino m'nyengo yamasika-chilimwe.
Pokhapokha pamapeto pa November - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa December, mudzatha kupeza nyengo zokometsetsa zophikira kapena zipangizo zabwino za mankhwala.
Momwe mungakonzekeretse nthaka yobzala mtengo waulesi
Pamene kuswana mbewu zamphepete mwa mbeu sizingasamalidwe komanso kumangidwe kwa nthaka yomwe imafesedwa. Muyeneranso kumvetsa kuti kutentha kwa dziko lapansi sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 20 ° C, monga nthaka yozizira zidzakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa mbewu yayikulu kumera.
Chomera chamtundu ndi chosasuntha ndi chabwino kuti mukhale ndi mchere wambiri, koma sakukonda dothi losavuta, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera phulusa padothi.
Musanabzala mbewu mwachindunji, nthaka yosakaniza yosakaniza ingakonzedwe: Mbali ziwiri za nthaka yothira ziyenera kusakanizidwa ndi dothi lofanana la humus ndi kuwonjezera gawo limodzi la nthaka, komanso gawo limodzi la peat ndi mchenga.
Njira yabwino imayesedwa kuti ndi yosakaniza mofanana ndi nkhuni ndi tsamba la masamba, zomwe mchenga wa 20% umawonjezera.
Chomeracho chimayambitsidwa mu miphika yosiyana ndi awiri a masentimita 10 ndipo phulusa laling'ono likuwonjezeredwa.
Mukudziwa? Iwo ankadziwa za phindu la masamba a bay leaf zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwalawa. Kuwonjezera apo, Agiriki akale ndi Aroma adanena kuti chomera ichi chimagwiritsa ntchito zamatsenga ndikukhulupirira kuti tsamba la mtengo likhoza kuwabweretsera mwayi.
Mbewu yokonzekera kubzala
Kukula maluwa okongola kuchokera kumbewu kumaperekanso njira zowonetsera zofesa.
Mwachitsanzo, mbewu za zomera izi sizilekerera kuyanika ndi kusunga bwino kumera kwa miyezi itatu yokha, ndikusungiramo chipinda chozizira komanso chosayera.
Musanayambe kubzala mbewu pansi, ayenera kumasulidwa ku chipolopolo, ngati simukuyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yochuluka.
Ndi bwino kubzala mchere m'mapope osiyana ndi ma litala imodzi kapena kumalo otseguka (pamalo osatha).
Kawirikawiri mbewu zimamera kuyambira April mpaka August, koma nthawi zina zimayamba kumera mu Januwale, ndiyeno pamakhala mazira ozizira nthawi yomweyo.
Kuonjezera mbeu kumera, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa: Chotsani chipatso cha mtengo mu November, sungani nyemba zouma, koma osanyowa (osapitirira miyezi 2-3) mpaka mutabzala, ndi kuchotsa khungu musanadzalemo pansi.
N'zotheka kufulumizitsa ndondomeko ya kumera musanayambe kubzala mbeu muzowonjezera potassium permanganate kwa masiku 2-3, kenako mafuta odzola a pericarp ayenera kutsukidwa.
Ndondomeko yobzala laurel
Kudyetsa mbewu za mpesa ndi njira yosavuta. Pokonzekera dothi limodzi mwa ndondomeko zapamwambazi, muyenera kuyika mbewu mmenemo pakadontho 1-2 masentimita ndipo, mutatha kuzikonza, mutonthoze dothi labwino bwino.
Kenaka chidebe chokhala ndi mbewu chimadzazidwa ndi galasi kapena mafilimu apulasitiki owonetsetsa (sayenera kugwira pansi) ndikuyika pamalo otentha.
Pamene mphukira zoyamba za "cape" zikuwonekera, zimatsuka ndikupitiriza kuyang'anitsitsa chinyezi, chifukwa ngakhale kuyanika pang'ono kungachepetse kukula kwa mbande.
Mitengo ikangokhala ndi masamba awiri oyambirira, iyenera kuikidwa pambali potsata 2 x 2 ndondomeko yotseguka pansi kapena potsuka pang'ono.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mbeu za mtedza?
Monga momwe mukuonera, kukula kwa mbeu kumudzi si ntchito yovuta, koma mbande imayenera kusamalidwa bwino mbeu isanakwane ndi pambuyo pake.
Galasi kapena filimu, yomwe ili ndi chidebe cha mbewu, ayenera kuchotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mphindi 15-20. Kutulutsa ndi kusunga chinyezi nthawi zonse sikungalole kuti mbewu ziume, ndipo pakuwonekera kwa mapepala oyambirira mumsasa, sipadzakhala chosowa.
Pa nthawiyi, muyenera kusuntha zomera ku malo owala kwambiri (pambuyo pa masiku 30-40).
Pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena atatu, mbewu zimathiriridwa ndi madzi osungira kutentha, ndipo patatha mbande zokhala ndi masamba awiri enieni, amasankha.
Ndikofunikira! Taproot ya mbewu ya laurel ndi yaitali ndi yofooka, choncho, isanaikidwe, zomera zimathiriridwa mochuluka (izi zimachepetsa nthaka).
Mbeu ya Laurel: kukolola mbande
Mbewu zolowa zitangobera ndipo masamba enieni oyambirira aonekera pa mbande, ndi nthawi yoganizira za momwe mungawabzala bwino pamtunda kapena mu chidebe chachikulu.
Monga gawo la mbande, mungagwiritse ntchito mchenga wosakaniza nthaka, mchenga ndi manyowa ovunda wothira ndi high-moor peat. Mitsuko imayikidwa pansi pa mphika kapena poto (timakala tating'ono ta mitengo yowonongeka ingagwiritsidwe ntchito), ndiyeno chophika chokonzekera chimatsanulidwa ndipo mbewu yokha imayikidwa mmenemo.
Pambuyo pa kusakanikirana, nthaka yothira imadzidwa bwino ndi madzi olekanitsidwa, kutentha kumene kumayenera kukhala 2-3 ° C pamwamba pa kutentha kwa firiji. Choncho, mukhoza kuthandiza bwino kupulumuka.
Kwa masabata angapo otsatira, peŵani kuwala kwa dzuwa pa mbande, ndipo mutatha "kuika kwaokha" mungathe kuika mosungirako malo abwino kwambiri, omwe angapangitse patsogolo kukula kwake.
Monga fetereza ya feteleza amagwiritsira ntchito mchere ndi organic feteleza, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthaka mwezi uliwonse. Njirayi imakhala yofunikira kwambiri pa nyengo yokula, ngakhale kuti sizothandiza kuti iwo asokoneze zomera.
Ngakhale pansi pa zochitika zonse zobzala ndi kusamalira, mbeu yolima mbewu imakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo imafunika kubzalidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri (mizu ikadzadzaza mphika wonse), koma ngati mutha kuleza mtima, malonda anu adzakula bwino ndipo mudzakula bwino chomera.
