Indoor ivy - chomera chokulirapo cha banja la Araliaceae. Chitsamba chooneka ngati zobiriwira nthawi zonse, dziko lakumwera - kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Africa komanso madera a Eurasia. Maonekedwe a duwa amatha kupezeka patsamba.
Kufotokozera
Chimodzi mwazitsamba zokwawa zomwe zimamatirira kukhoma ndi mitengo ndi mizu yothandizira. Masamba ali ndi khungu lowonda ndipo ali amitundu iwiri:
- panthambi zopanda maluwa - masamba opindika, obiriwira amtundu wakuda;
- pa nthambi zamaluwa - masamba amatalika komanso athunthu, amtundu wobiriwira.
Maluwa amutu ndi ochepa, amakhala m'mutu mwa nthambi. Mphepo yake ndi yaying'ono kapena kulibeko kwathunthu; corolla imakhala ndi miyala isanu. Zipatso - zipatso zazing'ono zakuda kapena zachikaso. Mbewuyo ili ndi nyongolosi yotalika.
Mawonedwe anyumba
Gawani pafupifupi mitundu khumi ndi isanu ya ivy, koma m'malo azipinda ndizotheka kukula okhawo awa:
- Canary. Mu magwero angapo amatchedwa Algeria. Kugawidwa kumpoto kwa Africa ndi Portugal. Imakhala ndi masamba olimba ndi masamba obiriwira komanso masamba achikasu. Chomera chimafalikira ndipo chimatha kuphimba pansi ndi carpet chonse. Mitundu yomwe imadziwika kwambiri ndi Gluard de Morengo.
- Colchis. Kwawo - Iran, Transcaucasia. Mpesa wophukira wobiriwira nthawi zonse, mizu ya mlengalenga yomwe imafikira kutalika kwa mikono makumi atatu. Masamba ndi akulu, kutalika amatha kufika 25 masentimita, athunthu, amakhala ndi fungo la nati. Maluwa ndi ochepa, amapanga inflorescence mwanjira yamaambulera.
- Ivy Pastukhov. Imagawidwa kwambiri ku gawo la Dagestan. Mizu yake ndi yofiyira, yofiirira, yokhoza kumamatira ku chithandizo chilichonse. Masamba ndi athunthu komanso opyapyala, kutalika amatha kutalika masentimita 10, ndipo m'lifupi - 6 sentimita. Mbali yapamwamba ya tsamba ili ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, ndipo wotsikirapo ndiyopepuka. Ma inflorescence ali ndi maluwa 5 mpaka 20.
- Ivy wamba. Mitundu yotere imasiyanitsidwa: Hedera Helix Remix, White Vander, Green Ripple, Graham. Ma Habitat amawonedwa kumwera ndi pakati Europe. Ili ndi masamba osalala komanso achikopa, omwe ali ndi masamba 3-5 osalala amtundu wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mitsempha yowala. Maluwa ndi ang'ono, azikhalidwe zonse ziwiri, omwe amatisonkhanitsa inflorescence monga maambulera amtundu wobiriwira.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Ochita maluwa amaona ngati ivy wamba komanso wopanda maluwa, koma posamalira loach kunyumba, mumakumana ndi zovuta zina.
| Kuthirira | Mavalidwe apamwamba | Kutentha ndi kuyatsa | Kudulira |
| Zimafunikira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi nthawi zonse, koma madzi osayenda sayenera kuloledwa. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kutentha kwa zomwe zili. M'chilimwe, mmera umafunika kuthiriridwa kawiri kapena katatu pa sabata. M'nyengo yozizira - 1 nthawi pa sabata. | Chomera chimafuna kuvala pafupipafupi, nthawi yayitali pakati pa masiku 15 mpaka 15. Ma feteleza ovuta okhala ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino. Munthawi yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kukhala kochepa, koma osayima. | Chimakula bwino pakutentha kwa + 18-20 degrees. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 12. Timakonzekereratu kuwala kozungulira. | Pa kukula kwambiri, mphukira amazidulira kuti mbewuyo ikamere. Mu kasupe, kudulira kwakukulu kumachitika, zonse zazitali zimadulidwa kuti 1/3. Dulani nthambi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zodula. |
Ivy ndi wolimba kwambiri, chifukwa chake, popanda chisamaliro chabwino, amatha kupitiliza kuchuluka, koma pamenepa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofooka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewuyo ngati chinthu chokongoletsera pokhapokha ngati mukusamalidwa bwino.
Mphika, dothi, kufalikira
Pakumera, ndibwino kusankha miphika italiitali yothandizidwa ndi mbewuyo. Nthaka imafunika yopepuka komanso kumasuka. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kutenga mchenga, malo amchenga ndi malo osunthika motere: 1: 1. Ngati mukufuna, vermiculite itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa mchenga.
Kuziika mu mphika wina kumachitika atayamba kugwira ntchito. Muziwadulira zaka 2-3 zilizonse, nthawi iliyonse kuwonjezeka kwa poto ndi masentimita angapo.
Mtengo ukayamba kukhwima, kufalikira kumatha kuchepetsedwa. Dothi lakumwamba limayenera kusinthidwa chaka chilichonse.
Kuswana
Ivy ikhoza kufalitsidwa m'njira zingapo:
- kudula;
- mphukira;
- masanjidwe.
Nthawi zambiri, zodula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa, zimabzalidwa mumiphika ndi mainchesi osachepera 7 cm.
Pofalitsa mwanjira yachiwiri, muyenera kutenga mphukira ndi masamba 8-10 ndikuyiyika mumchenga kuti masamba akhale pamwamba. Pa tsiku la 10, mizu ya pansi panthaka imakhala yochokera kumizu ya mtundu wamlengalenga. Mphukira imachotsedwa mumchenga ndikudula kuti ikhale ndi tsamba limodzi ndi muzu. Kenako ivy imabzalidwa m'nthaka.
Pofalitsa mwa kugawa, mphukira zazitali zimakumbidwa, mawonekedwe ake amapangidwa kuchokera pansi. Kukhazikika kwawo munthaka kumachitidwa ndi zibangili zooneka ngati U. Pambuyo pozika mizu yomwe yabzala, imasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndikuziika.
Kukula Zolakwika
Kusamalira mbewu mosasamala kumatha kubweretsa mavuto ambiri.
| Zizindikiro | Chifukwa |
| Malangizo a masamba amauma kapena kuda. | Kutentha kwambiri, kusowa chinyontho, mpweya wouma. |
| Masamba amasanduka achikasu. | Kuchuluka kwa hydration, kuchuluka kwa umuna. |
| Kutengera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya m'chiuno kumatha. | Kuwala koyipa. |
Kugwa kwa masamba otsika kumayang'aniridwa, ndiye kuti izi ndizosiyanasiyana, osati chizindikiro chosamalira bwino mbewu.
Matenda, tizirombo
Ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ya ivy ndiyopanda poyipa, mbewuyo idakali ndi zovuta za matenda ndi tizirombo.
| Matenda | Tizilombo |
| Indoor ivy ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kupatula mizu zowola, zomwe zimapangika ngati kuthilira kwambiri. |
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Zizindikiro ndi zamatsenga, mapindu ndi zovulaza
Pali zikhulupiriro zamtunduwu kuti ivy imapulumuka maluwa ena mnyumbamo ndikupanga malo osayenera kwa amuna. Koma zoona zake, chizindikiro ichi sicholungamitsidwa ndi chilichonse, ndipo mmera, m'malo mwake, chimabweretsa zabwino zambiri mnyumbayo, kuyeretsa mpweya ndikuwadzaza ndi mpweya.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kusunga Helix m'nyumba zomwe ziweto zimakhalamo, chifukwa chomeracho chimawononga mabakiteriya achilendo.
Mphamvu zachilengedwe za maluwa zimadziwika kwambiri. Ivy imagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi bowa ndi mabakiteriya, imathandizira njira yochotsera sputum, chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imawonjezeredwa ku mankhwala ambiri akutsokomola.
Mankhwala ofewa, omwe amadziwika kwambiri pochiza matenda amkhungu komanso m'mbali ya cosmetology, amapangidwa kuchokera masamba a ivy. Pogwiritsa ntchito decoction yokonzedwa kuchokera ku mizu ya mbewu, ma compress amapangidwira zochizira zilonda, zithupsa ndikuwotcha.
